A preparation method of reinforced carbon-based
composite material of carbon foam preform includes the following steps: (1) stirring phenolic resin, surfactant,
foaming agent and curing agent according to the mixture rate, namely the
mass percent of 100:5:5:25, then adding chopped carbon
fiber accounting for 3-15wt.% of the total weight to be mixed with the materials, and after uniform dispersion,putting the mixture in a baking oven that is preheated to 80-100 DEG C to be heated, foamed and solidified, thus obtaining phenolic foam with reinforced carbon
fiber; (2) putting the phenolic foam with reinforced carbon
fiber obtained in step (1) in a vacuum
carbonization furnace, heating the phenolic foam to the temperature of 900-1, 000 DEG C at the heating rate of 10-20 DEG C / h under 1-2Pa lowvacuum and preserving the heat for 2-3h to obtain the carbon foam preform with reinforced carbon fiber; (3) under the temperature of 1, 000-1050 DEG C and the
deposition pressure of 0.5-5kPa, takingnatural gas as a
carbon source and
nitrogen as carrier gas and adopting CVI technology to conduct compaction for 400-600h; and (4) conducting heat treatment on the material at the high temperature of2, 000-2, 300 for 3-5h after compaction treatment. The material has the advantages of light weight, high strength, low cost,
corrosion resistance, resistance to wear, low coefficient of
thermal expansion, etc.