The invention discloses special cobalt-based metal ceramic alloy powder for optical fiber laser cladding, which is matched with characteristics of optical fiber laser. The special cobalt-based metal ceramic alloy powder contains the following components by weight percent: 1-2% of carbon, 1-2% of silicon, 2-4% of iron, 1.5-2.5% of nickel, 3-4% of molybdenum, 8-12% of chromium, 3-4% of tungsten, 13-17% of tungsten carbonate, 2-3% of calcium fluoride, 1-2% of silicon nitrate and cobalt for the rest. The metal ceramic alloy powder is specially applied to a cladding process of a high-energy optical fiber laser device, a metal ceramic cladding layer with high hardness, high flexibility and high corrosion resistance can be formed on the surface of a work die of a steel and iron basis material, and the cladding layer is compact in structure, has no defects such as air holes, cracks, shrinkage cavities and the like, and has excellent metallographic performance such as high hardness, high plasticity, flexibility and corrosion resistance, and the like; moreover, the process is convenient and the thermal treatment does not need to be carried out in advance and afterwards. The special cobalt-based metal ceramic alloy powder is particularly suitable for the surface treatment of the die and can greatly prolong the service life of the die.