1110 results about "Solid reaction" patented technology

A process for production of a polyethylene blend in situ comprising contacting ethylene and at least one alpha-olefin with a magnesium / titanium based catalyst system including a partially activated precursor and a cocatalyst in each of two fluidized bed reactors connected in series, one of the provisos being that the precursor is formed by contacting an alkylaluminum halide with a solid reaction product prepared from a magnesium alkoxide, a titanium tetraalkoxide, and a solubility enhancing agent.

The present invention provides a powderous lithium transition metal oxide with the composition as represented by the below Formula and prepared by solid state reaction in air from a mixed transition metal precursor and Li2CO3, with being practically free of Li2CO3 impurity: LixMyO2 wherein M=M′l-kAk, where M′=Nil-a-b(Ni1 / 2Mn1 / 2)aCob on condition of 0.65≦a+b≦0.85 and 0.1≦b≦0.4; A is a dopant; and 0≦k≦0.05; and x+y=2 on condition of 0.95≦x≦1.05. The Ni-based lithium transition metal oxide according to the present invention has a well-layered structure, and also improved safety, cycling stability and stability against aging and low gas evolution during storage, when used as an active material for cathode of lithium secondary batteries, because it has a high sintering stability and is substantially free of soluble bases. Moreover, the lithium transition metal oxide of the present invention can be prepared by a low-cost process using a mixed transition metal precursor and Li2CO3 as raw stocks and under relatively unrestricted conditions.

The invention discloses a method for preparing nitrogen-doped graphene which comprises the following steps of: drying a mixture of a carbon-containing precursor and a carbon-nitrogen-containing precursor; raising the temperature of the dried mixture to be 450-600 DEG C, and keeping the temperature to generate gray solid; and continuously raising the temperature of the gray solid to be 700-1000 DEG C, introducing protective gas, keeping the temperature to generate black solid, and obtaining the nitrogen-doped graphene. According to the method for preparing nitrogen-doped graphene in the embodiment, the nitrogen-doped graphene is obtained under normal pressure and high temperature through a solid-phase reaction, the whole preparation method is simple in process, the nitrogen-doped graphene can be obtained without complex equipment, and industrial production is easily performed. In addition, the invention also provides nitrogen-doped graphene.

A low energy method of pyrolysis of rubber or other hydrocarbon material is provided. The hydrocarbon material is heated while maintaining a vacuum, using a clay catalyst. In an additional embodiment, the temperature of the reaction chamber and corresponding fuel input is varied either over time or spatially within the reaction chamber, to take advantage of the exothermic properties of the reaction. With the method of the present invention, a higher quality solid reaction product can be achieved, as well as a liquid having reduced polyaromatic hydrocarbons and oxidized organic contaminants.

(Problem)In conventional method for producing artificial graphite, in order to obtain a product having excellent crystallinity, it was necessary to mold a filler and a binder and then repeat impregnation, carbonization and graphitization, and since carbonization and graphitization proceeded by a solid phase reaction, a period of time of as long as 2 to 3 months was required for the production and cost was high and further, a large size structure in the shape of column and cylinder could not be produced. In addition, nanocarbon materials such as carbon nanotube, carbon nanofiber and carbon nanohorn could not be produced.(Means to Solve)A properly pre-baked filler is sealed in a graphite vessel and is subsequently subjected to hot isostatic pressing (HIP) treatment, thereby allowing gases such as hydrocarbon and hydrogen to be generated from the filler and precipitating vapor-phase-grown graphite around and inside the filler using the generated gases as a source material, and thereby, an integrated structure of carbide of the filler and the vapor-phase-grown graphite is produced. In addition, nanocarbon materials are produced selectively and efficiently by adding a catalyst or adjusting the HIP treating temperature.

The invention relates to a preparation method of lithium iron phosphate for the carbon cladding of a lithium ion battery. The prior lithium iron phosphate preparation technical art is complex, and has high cost. The invention has the synthetic process that: ferric oxide, phosphoric acid, simple organics and doped element compound are mixed and dried, the mol ratio of phosphate radical ion, ferric ion and doped element ion is 1:y:z, wherein, y is larger than or equal to 0.95 and smaller than or equal to 1, and y plus z is equal to 1; the mixture is added with lithium source compound, added with water to be mixed and dried, the mol ratio of lithium ion and phosphate radical ion is x:1, and x is larger than or equal to 0.95 and smaller than or equal to 1.05; the mixture which reacts for 2 to 20 hours under 500 to 800 DEG C is cooled in a furnace. The invention finally produces the precursor uniformly mixed with superfine crystal grain, and during the subsequent high temperature solid phase reaction, the end product lithium iron phosphate can be produced through shorter distance diffuseness of atoms. The end product has high purity, the crystallisation is good, the capacity is high, and the cycle stability is good.

The invention relates to an anode material composed by doping phosphate iron and lithium active substance and carbon and used for the secondary lithium battery and a manufacturing method thereof. The invention is characterized in that the general expression of the active substance is Li<3+Y>Fe<2-X>Mex(PO4)3(Me = Ti, Sc, Ge, Al, Zr, Mn, Hf, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Ru, Ag, Sn, and Pb, etc.); the characteristic in preparation is that the raw material is synthesized into the crystal state of Li<3+Y>Fe<2-X>Mex(PO4)3 through a solid reaction, an hydrothermal method and a sol-gel method in a proper proportion. Then the prepared powder and the carbon is grinded and mixed through a planetary ball mill to obtain the anode material Li<3+Y>Fe<2-X>Mex(PO4)3 / C The specific capacity of the anode material can be up to 122mAhg<-1> (charging and discharging at the rate of C / 20) and 100mAhg<-1> (charging and discharging at the rate of C / 2); furthermore, the material has a good circulation performance and retentivity of specific capacity, thus providing a favorable anode material for the practicality of the secondary lithium ion battery.

A process of forming silicon-based nanowires heats high-surface-oxygen-content silicon powders to initiate vapor-solid reaction to form nanowires. The reaction gas is charged to react with the Si powders to form the silicon-based nanowires such as silicon nanowires or SiC nanowires. With control of the reaction gas, the components of the nanowires can be exactly controlled without the addition of metallic catalysts. Thereby, the nanowires can be made with reduced cost.

The invention discloses a nano reinforcing method for recycled aggregate concrete, which belongs to the technical fields of recycling comprehensive utilization of waste and production of building materials, and is mainly characterized by comprising the steps of: mixing and stirring a recycled aggregate and a nano particle dispersion for 5-10s; after the surface of the recycled aggregate is in a moist state, further mixing the recycled aggregate with all admixtures for 5-10s; and mixing and stirring with cement, water and a high-efficiency water reducing agent for 20-45s to obtain a nano-reinforced recycled aggregate concrete mixture. The nano reinforcing method has a principle that by changing a stirring process and introducing the nano dispersion, nano particles can be adsorbed into the opening pores and microcracks of the recycled aggregate, an admixture enriched layer is further formed on the surface of the recycled aggregate, the nano particles permeating into the interiors of the opening pores of the recycled aggregate and the admixture enriched layer formed on the surface of the recycled aggregate are used for jointly absorbing calcium hydroxide enriched on the surface and the pores of the recycled aggregate in the strength development process of the recycled aggregate concrete, a gelling material with higher strength is generated through hydration, liquid-phase or solid-phase reactions so as to reinforce the recycled aggregate per se and an interface between the recycled aggregate and set cement, and thus, the strength of the recycled aggregate concrete is enhanced. After the nano reinforcement, the recycled aggregate concrete has the 28-day compression strength improved by around 15-20%.

The invention relates to a solid phase preparation method for gamma-alumina with gradient distribution holes. The method comprises: adopting a solid phase reaction to obtain a precursor ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide, and carrying out calcination to obtain gamma-alumina with a high specific surface area, gradient distribution holes and a large pore volume. The most prominent characteristic of the present invention comprises adopting a raw material solid phase reaction synthesis technology and controlling the property of the resulting gamma-alumina through synthesis conditions. In addition, the method of the present invention has characteristics of simpleness, easy operation, no requirement of addition of a pore-expanding agent, and cost saving, and is suitable for industrial mass production.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a lanthanum zirconic acid powder, which belongs to the preparation field of ceramic powder used for high temperature heat barrier. The method uses lanthanum oxide or lanthanum soluble salt and zircon salt for respectively preparing the solutions containing La<3+> and Zr<4+>; the two solutions are mixed and dropped into a precipitator (or the precipitator is dropped into the mixing solutions) under continual stirring to obtain precipitate; and the precipitate are washed with a plurality of times, then dried, ground and finally calcined at certain temperature to obtain La2Zr2O7 of defect fluorite structure or pyrochlore constitution. Compared with the existing universal solid reaction process, the method lowers the synthesis temperature by 500-700 DEG C. The heat-insulating property (heat diffusivity) of the obtained power is reduced by about 50 percent compared with YSZ, and reduced by about 40 percent compared with the lanthanum zirconic acid powder obtained by the solid reaction process. The method solves the problems of overhigh heat diffusivity, severe sinter and phase change inefficiency in the existing ceramic materials used for the coating of high temperature heat barrier.

The invention relates to a method for preparing black zirconia ceramics at the low temperature and belongs to the technical field of the preparation of high-temperature structural material. The method respectively uses a homogeneous precipitation method for synthesizing a nanometer coloring agent, and a coprecipitation method for synthesizing nanometer zirconia powder, and adopts Fe-Co-Ni-Mn as a coloring agent. The zirconia powder is not added with any sintering additive, only added with small amount of coloring agent and sintered at the temperature of 1150-1350 DEG C, thus obtaining the black zirconia ceramics with excellent performance and bright color. As the homogeneous precipitation method is adopted for synthesizing coloring agent powder, the monodisperse nanometer particles with uniform powder granules, narrow size distribution and high purity are obtained so that the coloring agent easily colors the particles. As the coprecipitation method is used for synthesizing zirconia powder, nanometer particles with small granularity, big superficial area and high activity are obtained, and can reduce the temperature of the solid-phase reaction, greatly reduce the sintering temperature and solve the problem that the black coloring agent oxide decomposes and volatiles at the high temperature. Simultaneously the method adopts the Fe-Co-Ni-Mn as the coloring agent, thus avoiding the poisonous function of Cr on the human body.

Industrial waste derived adsorbents were obtained by pyrolysis of sewage sludge, metal sludge, waste oil sludge and tobacco waste in some combination. The materials were used as media to remove hydrogen sulfide at room temperature in the presence of moisture. The initial and exhausted adsorbents after the breakthrough tests were characterized using sorption of nitrogen, thermal analysis, XRD, ICP, and surface pH measurements. Mixing tobacco and sludges result in a strong synergy enhancing the catalytic properties of adsorbents. During pyrolysis new mineral phases are formed as a result of solid state reaction between the components of the sludges. High temperature of pyrolysis is beneficial for the adsorbents due to the enhanced activation of carbonaceous phase and chemical stabilization of inorganic phase. Samples obtained at low temperature are sensitive to water, which deactivates their catalytic centers.

The invention provides a method for recovering a positive electrode material precursor and lithium carbonate from a positive electrode waste material of a lithium ion battery. The method comprises carrying out mechanical crushing on the waste produced by battery production or waste or old batteries, carrying out sorting to obtain impurity-containing positive electrode powder, carrying out immersion through a reducing agent-containing volatile leaching agent to obtain extract, carrying out concentration rectification, regenerating the volatile leaching agent, adjusting ingredients of the raffinate containing Co, Ni, Mn and Li, carrying out coprecipitation on Co, Ni and Mn, carrying out solid-liquid separation, further treating the Li-rich solution to obtain high-purity lithium carbonate, and carrying out a high temperature solid-phase reaction process on the mixed materials of Co, Ni and Mn precursors to obtain a positive electrode active material. The method is simple and is free of a complicated impurity removal process and an extraction enrichment technology. The extraction agent has a wide source, high extraction selectivity and high extraction efficiency. After the extraction reaction, the extraction agent can be recovered and recycled through concentration rectification. The method reduces a cost, can produce high-quality Co, Ni and Mn precursors and high-quality lithium carbonate and has a good application prospect.

The invention discloses a ternary cathode material and a production method thereof. The production method comprises the following steps of melting mixing materials of metallic nickel, cobalt and manganese at high temperature under the protection of inert gas or nitrogen; executing spray granulation after melting, and then oxidizing to obtain nickel, cobalt and manganese alloy oxide; and roasting the nickel, cobalt and manganese alloy oxide and a lithium compound at a temperature of 600-1050 DEG C after mixing according to the metallic element content mole ratio of (Ni+Co+Mn): Li=1:(1-1):1.15 to obtain the ternary cathode material, wherein the ternary cathode material is epigranular, regular spherical or similar to sphere, has large tap density, higher charge-discharge capacity and better electrochemical cycle performance. The ternary cathode material is prepared by adopting nickel, cobalt and manganese as raw materials and adopting full solid-phase reaction so as to completely avoid the environment pollution caused in the process of preparing a precursor by adopting a wet process. The invention has the advantages of simple process flow, convenience for operation and high production efficiency.

The invention provides a novel quasi garnet-structured lithium ion conductor (Li7-xLa3Zr2-xSbxO12, wherein x is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.5) crystalline-state ceramic solid electrolyte material and a synthesis method thereof, and belongs to the field of lithium ion batteries. A novel quasi garnet-structured lithium ion conductor is synthesized by conventional solid-phase reaction. X-ray diffraction (XRD) diffraction peaks of Sb-doped samples show that the Sb-doped samples all have crystalline -state cubic phase quasi garnet-structures in the Sb doped range. The maximum lithium ion conductivity can reach 3.42*10<-4>S / cm at room temperature (30 DEG C). The sample is synthesized by the conventional solid phase method, a preparation process is simple, and sintering time is short. Zr is partially replaced by high-valence Sb, so the lithium ion vacancy is increased, the ionic conductivity is improved obviously, and antimonous oxide is low in price compared with zirconia, so manufacturing cost is reduced. Therefore, the synthesized compact ceramic solid electrolyte material can be probably applied to a lithium ion battery.

On the premise of deep hydrodesulfurization, the main problem in diesel fuel's hydrotreatment is to rid the refractory sulfide and hydrogenate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. Loaded nickel phosphide catalyst demonstrates higher hydrodesulfurization activity and better activity stability. However, the traditional nickel phosphide catalyst is prepared by temperature programming of nickel phosphide, so that dispersion degree of active components is low. In the invention, through solid-phase reaction between phosphorous acid ions and nickel ions, bulk phase and loaded nickel phosphide catalyst with higher active component dispersion degree and fine catalytic activity are obtained at low temperature. The invention is applicable to diesel oil hydroprocessing.

The invention discloses a preparation method of high nitrogen doped graphene. The method comprises the following steps of: using a nitrogen source and a carbon source as raw materials, and carrying out effective mixing and drying to obtain a mixture; putting the mixture in an inert atmosphere, warming and heating the mixture to 300-600 DEG C, and carrying out heat preservation for a period of time; then continuously heating the mixture to 700-1200 DEG C, and carrying out heat preservation for a period of time to finally generate a black solid, namely the high nitrogen doped graphene. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple in process; the high-quality nitrogen doped graphene is obtained through a solid-phase reaction one-step method; and the nitrogen doped graphene is easy for industrial mass production. Moreover, the material has many nitrogen doped active sites, and has good electro-catalysis oxygen reduction activity as a non-noble metal catalyst.

A kinetic parameter analyzer for gas / solid reaction comprises an electric furnace arranged with a thermocouple; a micro-reactor loaded with flowing medium particles and positioned in the electric furnace; a pressure sensor and a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of the flowing medium particles, which are arranged in the reactor; a reactant supplier for supplying solid-state reactant to the flowing medium particles; a gas supply device arranged on the bottom of the reactor for providing gas into the reactor; a gas purifier and a detector sequentially communicated with the upper gas outlets of the reactor; a data collector with the input terminals thereof respectively connected with the output terminals of the pressure sensor, the temperature control device, a temperature display meter and the detector; and a computer for controlling the opening / closing of the reactant supplier and analyzing the data inputted by the data collector. The analyzer adopts a micro-fluidized bed or a micro-spouted bed as the reactor, which facilitates the online addition of the solid-state reactant, so that the reaction environment is more approximate to the actual environment and to the actual reaction conditions and that the measured kinetic parameters are more close to intrinsic reaction kinetics.

The invention discloses methods for making conducting polymer modified active carbon, relating to a method for preparing compound materials. The invention discloses two methods for preparing conducting polymer modified active carbon and application thereof in the field of environment purifying materials. The methods are characterized in that under the condition of an ultrasonic vibration or a solid phase reaction, a conducting polymer monomer is subjected to in situ polymerization reaction on the surface of the active carbon to obtain the active carbon / conducting polymer compound materials. The conducting polymer modified active carbon prepared by the methods still keeps higher specific surface area of the active carbon, has functionalities from the conducting polymer and excellent absorption performance to metal ions and organic materials in a water solution, and is a novel compound material for processing water pollution and purifying environment.

The invention relates to a preparation method of yttrium aluminum garnet phosphor activated by cerium and a phosphor. The invention provides a generalized preparation method of yttrium aluminum garnet phosphor activated by cerium. A chemical formula is Y3-x-y-zRyAl5-mGamO12: Cex, R'z. The preparation method comprises the steps of: preparation of metal ions solutions, preparation of precipitant solutions, preparation of metal ions precipitants, addition of flux and solid phase reaction, sintering, grinding powders sintered under high temperature, pickling, alkali washing, water washing and drying, then the target product YAG:Ce phosphor, which has high luminous intensity, low agglomeration degree without ball milling, proper powder size and narrow particle size distribution, is obtained; besides, the phosphor has low agglomeration degree after being treaded under high temperature, and the phosphor can be packed and sealed without ball milling and can maximize the excellent optical property.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a stratified lithium ion anode material, which comprises the following steps: coating cobalt on the surface of a precursor containing nickel, manganese and a small amount of other metals by a chemical precipitation method; fully mixing with a lithium source; and then, adopting a solid reaction method to prepare the high nickel type lithium ion anode material. The chemical formula of the lithium ion anode material is as follows: LidNiaMnbMcCo1-a-b-c02, wherein 0.9<=d<=1.25, 0.5<=a<=1, 0<b<0.5, 0.9<=a+b+c<1, and M is one or a mixture of more than one of Al, Ti, Mg and Zn. The material has uniform chemical composition and high capacity. Besides, the cycle performance of the material is improved, and the operating voltage platform and the safety of a battery are enhanced, especially after the material is subject to doping and coating modification.

The invention provides a method for manufacturing an intermediate-frequency low-loss MnZn ferrite magnetic core. The method comprises the following steps of: A, preparing materials; B, grinding and mixing; C, pre-sintering; D, performing secondary grinding; E, pelleting; F, molding; and G, sintering. By adding a low-temperature fluxing agent, the solid-phase reaction is accelerated, so that the pre-sintering temperature is reduced, and the energy can be greatly saved on the basis of achieving the same effect of the solid-phase reaction. In addition, due to low pre-sintering temperature and better activity of the powder, the reaction can be carried out at low temperature. Therefore, the sintering temperature is reduced, and the energy is also saved. Meanwhile, the manufactured MnZn ferrite magnetic core has the advantages of lower loss and higher saturation magnetic flux density.

The invention discloses an energy-saving and high efficiency fuel coal combustion improver and a preparation method thereof. The combustion improver comprises the following components by weight percentage: 40-60% of zinc oxide, 40-60% of manganese dioxide, preferably 50% of zinc oxide and 50% of manganese dioxide, wherein the manganese dioxide can be prepared by: weighing KMnO4 and MnC12.4H2O according to a weight ratio of 1:1, and fully grinding the materials in a container under room temperature for 20-50min to carry out solid phase reaction. The preparation method of the energy-saving and high efficiency fuel coal combustion improver includes the steps of: a. weighing the raw materials according to the following weight percentage: 40-60% of zinc oxide and 40-60% of manganese dioxide; b. grinding; c. dipping and drying; and d. roasting. The combustion improver provided by the invention reduces corrosion to boilers, improves the service life of boilers, significantly raises the flame temperature, improves the combustion activity and ignition performance of coal, improves the speed of ignition speed and combustion speed of coal, and has significant energy saving and environmental protection effects.

A solid phase reaction template for the production of heterocyclic scaffolds in a reaction media, said solid phase component comprising an alpha-isocyanocarboxylate core compound linked to a solid substrate, the template having the formula: A method for the production of heterocyclic scaffolds using the template is disclosed

A laser triggered two-element three-primary-color fluorescent powder contains the blue-green powder, which is the barium magnesium aluminate activated by 2-valence Mn and 2-valence Eu and has main emission peaks in blue and green regions, and the red powder, which is the yttrium thioxide activated by 3-valuence Eu and has main emission peak in red region through proportional mixing and high-temp solid-phase reaction.