The invention provides a reduction control device and method for N2O produced in the denitrification dephosphorization process and belongs to the technical fields of automatic control of an activated sludge process treatment system and wastewater biological denitrification dephosphorization by means of a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) process. Aiming at solving the technical problem that sodium nitrite adopted to serve as an electron acceptor produces N2O in the denitrification dephosphorization process in the existing SBR process, the device uses an SBR as a main body and comprises a water distribution tank, a peristaltic pump, a magnetic stirring apparatus, an acid adding system, an alkali adding system, an on-line control system connected with a computer and a N2O on-line detecting system. The on-line control system is connected with a water inlet peristaltic pump, a mud discharging system, the acid adding system, the alkali adding system, a temperature control device, the stirring apparatus, a drain valve, a relay on a magnetic valve of a nitrogen aerating system, an oxidation reduction potential (ORP) sensor, a pH sensor and a dissolved oxygen sensor. The N2O on-line detecting system is connected with a N2O microelectrode. The whole process is automatically finished through a programmable logic controller (PLC) of the computer, and the N2O on-line detecting system performs quantitative analysis to the nitrogen conversion condition to confirm dominant mechanism and influencing factors for the N2O production in the denitrification dephosphorization process.