100results about How to "Reduce joule heating" patented technology

A current sensor includes a conductor line, and a magnetic sensor in which resistance value changes according to a current magnetic field produced by a current to be detected flowing through the conductor line. The conductor line includes: a pair of parallel portions each having a same and uniform cross-sectional area, while extending in parallel with each other separated at a first distance therebetween; a connecting portion connecting one end of one of the parallel portions and one end of the other of the parallel portions; and a pair of terminal portions each connected to the other end of each of the parallel portions, while extending to face with each other separated at a second distance therebetween, the second distance being wider than the first distance, the terminal portions each having a larger cross-sectional area than that of each of the parallel portions.

A CPP giant magnetoresistive head includes lower and upper shield layers with a predetermined distance therebetween, and a giant magnetoresistive element (GMR) including pinned and free magnetic layers disposed between the upper and lower shield layers with a nonmagnetic layer interposed between the pinned and free magnetic layers. A current flows perpendicularly to the film plane of the GMR. The magnetoresistive head further includes an antiferromagnetic layer (an insulating AF of Ni—O or α-Fe2O3) provided in the rear of the GMR in a height direction to make contact with the upper or lower surface of a rear portion of the pinned magnetic layer which extends in the height direction, and an exchange coupling magnetic field is produced at the interface with the upper or lower surface, so that the magnetization direction of the pinned magnetic layer is pinned by the exchange coupling magnetic field in the height direction.

Thin film transistors and circuits having improved mobility and stability are disclosed in this invention to have metal oxynitrides as the active channel layers. In one embodiment, the charge carrier mobility in the thin film transistors is increased by using the metal oxynitrides as the active channel layers. In another embodiment, a thin film transistor having a p-type metal oxynitride active channel layer and a thin film transistor having an n-type metal oxynitride active channel layer are fabricated to forming a CMOS circuit. In yet another embodiment, thin film transistor circuits having metal oxynitrides as the active channel layers are provided.

A CPP giant magnetoresistive head includes lower and upper shield layers, and a giant magnetoresistive element disposed between the upper and lower shield layers and including a pinned magnetic layer, a free magnetic layer and a nonmagnetic layer disposed between the pinned magnetic layer and the free magnetic layer. In the CPP giant magnetoresistive head, the pinned magnetic layer extends to the rear of the nonmagnetic layer and the free magnetic layer in the height direction, and the dimension of the pinned magnetic layer in the height direction is larger than that in the track width direction. Also, the pinned magnetic layer comprises a magnetic material having a positive magnetostriction constant or a magnetic material having high coercive force, and the end of the pinned magnetic layer is exposed at a surface facing a recording medium.

Provided is an iron-based compound superconducting joint. The superconducting joint comprises connected iron-based superconductors, iron-based superconducting powder and a metal sheath. The position between tail ends of the connected iron-based superconductors is filled up with iron-based superconducting powder and wrapped up by a signal-layer or multi-layer metal sheath. The preparation method of the superconducting joint comprises following steps of: (1) peeling non-superconducting layers on surfaces of tail ends of the iron-based superconductors needed to be connected to expose superconducting cores; (2) filling iron-based superconducting powder between tail ends of processed tail ends of the iron-based superconductors and utilizing the multi-layer metal sheath to wrap up tail ends of the iron-based superconductors and the iron-based superconducting powder; (3) welding or not welding the metal sheath processed by the step (2); (4) applying pressure to shrink crease the cross section of the metal sheath prepared by the step (3); and (5) carrying out heat treatment on the metal sheath prepared by the step (4) during or after pressure is applied or not necessarily performing heat treatment.The invention is very suitable for making a superconducting joint in the engineering field.

The invention provides an atmospheric magnetic field enhanced low-temperature plasma electric brush generation device, which comprises a main body chamber with a gas inlet port and a gas outlet port, a pair of main discharge electrodes and a pair of dielectric barrier discharge plate electrodes. The main body chamber is made of an insulating material. The gas outlet port is a narrow-slit-shaped. A narrow-slit chamber is formed at a part close to the gas outlet port in the main body chamber. The width-to-thickness ratio of the gas outlet port is (5-100):1. The discharge ends of the main discharge electrodes are arranged in the narrow-slit chamber. The plate electrodes are arranged between the gas inlet port and the main discharge electrodes and are used for pre-ionizing working gas. A permanent magnet is arranged on the outer side of the narrow-slit chamber to enable the paths of electronics and ions which are produced through discharge to be changed. The atmospheric magnetic field enhanced low-temperature plasma electric brush generation device has the advantages that the electromagnetic induction principle is ingeniously utilized and the goal of reducing working energy consumption and operating cost is simply, conveniently and effectively realized.

The invention discloses a graphitizing cathode process, which comprises selecting and mixing delayed petroleum coke, pitch coke, after calcinations, fragmenting and sieving, adding hard pitch binder after mixing, pugging, machining charcoal rough shape of electrobath cathode, baking to make binder pitch carbonizing, making graphitizing cathode charcoal block. The invention has good mechanical, electrical , thermal property, and costs low, is especially suitable for large scale electrolytic cell.

The invention relates to a white organic electroluminescent device and a preparation method thereof. The device consists of an ITO glass substrate, a buffer layer, a cavity transport layer, a single-subject blue light layer, a double-subject red light layer, an electronic transport layer and a composite cathode sequentially. Each structural layer is prepared by a vacuum evaporation method. In the structure of the invention, a luminous layer consists of the single-subject blue light layer and the red light layer with a double-subject structure, and the subject of the blue light layer and one of the subjects of the red light layer are made of the same material, and the other material of the subject of the red light layer is the same as the material of the electronic transport layer. The device with the structure has higher luminous efficiency, can effectively disperse excitons, enhances carrier infusion and transport balance, and inhibits color error and efficiency reduction under a higher drive current. With the structure, the white organic electroluminescent device with the structure can be widely applied on a hi-fi organic full-color display device.

The present invention comprises a method for producing microfibers and nanofibers and further fabricating derived solid monolithic materials having aligned uniform micro- or nanofibrils. A method for producing fibers ranging in diameter from micrometer-sized to nanometer-sized comprises the steps of producing an electric field and preparing a solid precipitative reaction media wherein the media comprises at least one chemical reactive precursor and a solvent having low electrical conductivity and wherein a solid precipitation reaction process for nucleation and growth of a solid phase occurs within the media. Then, subjecting the media to the electric field to induce in-situ growth of microfibers or nanofibers during the reaction process within the media causing precipitative growth of solid phase particles wherein the reaction conditions and reaction kinetics control the size, morphology and composition of the fibers. The fibers can then be wet pressed while under electric field into a solid monolith slab, dried and consolidated.

The invention discloses an organic electroluminescent device which comprises electrodes and an organic electroluminescent function layer arranged among the electrodes. The organic electroluminescent function layer comprises at least two luminescent units and an electric charge generating unit arranged among the luminescent units, each luminescent unit comprises a hole transmission layer / matrix and a luminescent layer / electronic transmission layer composed of light emitting dopant according to the direction of outside anode to cathode, the electric charge generating unit comprises an N type doping buffering layer / electric charge generating layer / P type doping buffering layer according to the direction of outside anode to cathode, the electric charge generating layer comprises an electric charge generating assisting layer and a light-absorbing active layer, and overlap between absorption spectrum of the light-absorbing active layer and light emitting spectrum of the light emitting dopant exists. The organic electroluminescent device can effectively utilize optical radiation inside an OLED (organic light emitting diode) to generate electric charge more effectively, and efficient light emitting and slow efficiency reduction are realized.

A polysilicon fuse includes a fusing part to be fused through voltage application, a positive terminal side joint connected to one end of the fusing part and a negative terminal side joint connected to the other end of the fusing part. The positive terminal side joint that attains a high voltage through the voltage application has lower resistance and higher heat conductivity than the negative terminal side joint. Furthermore, a write operation is performed, with a current limiting resistance serially connected to a positive terminal side joint of a polysilicon fuse, by applying a voltage pulse to the polysilicon fuse through the current limiting resistance. Thus, a current flowing to the polysilicon fuse in fusing the fusing part is limited to a given range.

The invention provides a red and green phosphorescent OLED (organic light emitting diode) device and a manufacturing method thereof. The red and green phosphorescent OLED device comprises a glass substrate, and an ITO (indium tin oxide) anode, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electronic barrier layer, a luminous layer, a hole barrier layer, an electronic transport layer, an electronic injection layer and an aluminum cathode which are arranged on the glass substrate sequentially, wherein a wire is led out of each of the ITO anode and the aluminum cathode, and connected with an external direct-current power supply. According to the red and green phosphorescent OLED device and the manufacturing method, excitons and carriers are adjusted to be in different areas of the luminous layer, so that the luminous efficiency and the luminance of the device are improved, and the service life of the device is prolonged indirectly.

The invention discloses a zinc oxide pressure sensitive resistor which comprises a zinc oxide ceramic substrate, an electrode layer and an electrode lead, wherein the electrode layer is arranged on the surface of the zinc oxide ceramic substrate; the electrode lead is arranged on the electrode layer; the electrode layer comprises a transition layer which is connected with the zinc oxide ceramic substrate and a welded layer positioned on the outer side of the transition layer; the transition layer is made of nickel, chromium, titanium, aluminum, copper or the alloy of the elements; the welded layer is made of gold, silver, copper or the alloy of the elements.

A superconducting radiation detector uses the abruptness of a superconducting transition edge, converts a slight heat generated by an X-ray into a high signal current, and uses an electrothermal self-feedback mechanism, thereby having a high energy resolution and a high counting rate. In a calorimeter that includes an absorber for absorbing X-rays, a resistor provided under the absorber, a resistance value thereof being changed by heat generated in the absorber, superconducting wires connecting the resistor and an external current detector, and a membrane on which the resistor is superimposed, the resistor being constituted by a superconductor, the calorimeter allowing Joule heat generated by steadily flowing a current in the resistor and the heat generated in the absorber to be thermally balanced and transfer in the membrane, an insulating film is provided between the resistor and the absorber, the film having a hole penetrating the film in the thickness direction.

The invention relates to the micro flow control field, in particular to a non-contact electromagnetic micro pump device. The non-contact electromagnetic micro pump device includes: a fluid micro flow channel, wherein a solution to be driven is arranged in the fluid micro flow channel; a first electrode micro flow channel and a second electrode micro flow channel which are parallel to the fluid micro flow channel, are arranged at two sides of the fluid micro flow channel in a non-contact manner, and are connected to two ends of a power supply respectively; a first film and a second film which are arranged between the first and second electrode micro flow channels and the fluid micro flow channel respectively, and have micro conductivity; and a magnet which is used for generate a magnetic field perpendicular to a plane where the first electrode micro flow channel, the fluid micro flow channel, and the second electrode micro flow channel are located so as to allow the solution to be driven to move along the fluid micro flow channel. According to the technical scheme, the electrical field generated by the electrode micro flow channels non-contacting the solution to be driven and an external orthotropic magnetic field can generate the lorentz force to drive the solution to be driven to move along the fluid micro flow channel, and then the flow speed and the flow direction of the solution to be driven can be controlled.

An end-block for electrically energising a rotatable tubular target in a vacuum coating installation is disclosed. The end-block has a rotary electrical contact that reduces the joule heating effects when operating in alternating current mode. When compared to known end-blocks, this is achieved by increasing the number of contact areas between a contacting ring and a series of circumferentially mounted contacting shoes. Also the contact shoes are being pressed radially outwardly by means of resilient elements against the contacting ring.

The present invention provides for replacement of conventionally-used metal electrodes in NEMS devices with electrodes that include non-metallic materials comprised of diamond-like carbon or a dielectric coated metallic film having greater electrical contact resistance and lower adhesion with a contacting nanostructure. This reduces Joule heating and stiction, improving device reliability.

A thermoelectric module is constituted by a pair of substrates having electrodes, which are arranged opposite to each other with a prescribed space therebetween, in which a prescribed number of thermoelectric elements are arranged in such a way that a p-type and an n-type are alternately arranged, so that the thermoelectric elements are connected in series or in parallel together with the electrodes. Herein, one substrate is a heat absorption side, and other substrate is a heat radiation side. In addition, a current density in a current transmission area of the heat-absorption-side electrode is set to 50 A / mm2 or less, and a height of the thermoelectric element is set to 0.7 mm or less. Furthermore, a temperature-controlled semiconductor module can be realized by combining a thermoelectric module with a semiconductor component such as a semiconductor laser.

The invention discloses a semiconductor testing circuit and a method for detecting conductive properties of a tested piece. The semiconductor testing circuit comprises the tested piece, a resistor, a first signal-applying welding pad, a first test welding pad, a second signal-applying welding pad and a second test welding pad, wherein the tested piece is connected with a switch in series; the resistor is parallelly connected with a series circuit of the tested piece and the switch; the first signal-applying welding pad and the first test welding pad are connected to one end of the parallel circuit; the second signal-applying welding pad and the second test welding pad are connected to the other end of the parallel circuit; and the first signal-applying welding pad, the first test welding pad, the second signal-applying welding pad and the second test welding pad form four ends of a Kelvin Contact. When in test, the switch is switched off firstly, the Kelvin Contact is adopted to obtain a resistance value of the additionally arranged resistor, then the switch is switched on, the Kelvin Contact is further adopted to obtain a total resistance value of the tested piece and the additionally arranged resistor after parallel connection, and the resistance value of the tested piece can be obtained accurately by separating the resistance value of the additionally arranged resistor from the total resistance value.

A storage battery cooling control device includes a system power calculator (18) configured to calculate power of an external power source as power information, and a charge / discharge control unit (20) configured to perform charge / discharge control of a storage battery based on the power information, and to perform power control of a cooling device by distributing power to the cooling device within a cooling power threshold, which is determined so that a heat generation increment of the storage battery is equal to or less than a heat exhaust increment of the cooling device calculated from a cooling air flow rate.

The invention provides a conduction cooling type high-temperature superconducting binary current lead which is simple in process and convenient to install, and particularly relates to a structure of the high-temperature superconducting binary current lead. The whole high-temperature superconducting binary current lead comprises an indoor temperature copper connector, a copper lead section, a connection transition section, a superconducting combination section and a low temperature copper connector, and is characterized in that a two-stage refrigerating machine is adopted for the whole current lead for conduction cooling, the structure is simple, the cooling effect is good, and installation is convenient. Meanwhile, the conduction cooling type high-temperature superconducting binary current lead is wider in application range relative to gas cooling, for example, the conduction cooling type high-temperature superconducting binary current lead can be applied to a superconducting fan. The superconducting combination section of the current lead is formed by welding finished superconducting strips and a copper braided strap, the current lead can be obtained by increasing or decreasing the number of the superconducting strips in parallel connection according to the demands of users for the magnitude of currents, machining and installation processes are simplified, materials are saved, and cost of the lead is saved.

The invention relates to an electromagnetic rail gun rail based on the micro conical shape, and belongs to the field of electromagnetic rail guns. The problem that in the prior art, an armature is subjected to failed contact at the tail end of the rail is solved. The rail comprises a first rail body and a second rail body; an armature of an electromagnetic rail gun moves between the first rail body and the second rail body; and the distance between the positions, close to the gun muzzle end, of the first rail body and the second rail body is smaller than the distance between the positions, away from the gun muzzle end, of the first rail body and the second rail body. In the rail gun emitting process, through the design, the effective contact area of the armature and the rail can be increased, the situation that ignition ablation and the like occur due to the fact that the armature deviates from the rear middle section of the rail is reduced, heat generated in a gun bore is decreased, and the rail is protected quite well.

The invention provides a testing device for assisting rod-shaped sample uniaxial drawing through pulse current. The device comprises a pulse power source and a drawing test machine, the drawing test machine comprises drawing clamps and a driving device, the drawing clamps are fixedly connected with the two ends of a rod-shaped sample, the driving device is used for driving the drawing clamps to get close to or away from each other, and the two ends of the rod-shaped sample are provided with conductive rings connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the pulse power source respectively. Each drawing clamp is provided with a wedged-shaped cavity, wherein the cavity is internally provided with two opposite insulating clamping blocks, the opposite sides of the two insulating clamping blocks are provided with clamping grooves, each clamping groove is internally provided with a positioning clamping block, the opposite sides of the two positioning clamping blocks are provided with positioning grooves used for containing the two ends of the rod-shaped sample and the conductive rings, and knurled anti-skid structures are arranged on the contact surfaces of the positioning grooves and the rod-shaped sample. The device is suitable for research of deformation behaviors of rod-shaped metal materials under the action of the pulse current, processing of the sample is facilitated, material waste is avoided, and joule heat generated at the joints is reduced.

A hybrid gun device composed of two barrels (1,10) that accept energy from combustion of standard propellant (6), one barrel (10) being operative to produce a high intensity electric current to add accelerating energy to a projectile (7) in the second barrel (1) and at least one coil (8) stage to convert energy between electrical and kinetic to cause the projectile (7) to be launched at hypervelocity.

Provided is a superconductive joint, which comprises superconductors, boron powders, magnesium powders and a metal sleeve. The tail ends of the connected superconductors are buried in the boron powders; the surface of the boron powders is covered by the magnesium powders; and the connected superconductors, the boron powders and the magnesium powders are wrapped by the metal sleeve. The preparationmethod of the superconductive joint comprises the following steps: 1) polishing the tail ends of the connected superconductors to expose superconducting cores; 2) burying the tail ends of the processed superconductors into the boron powders, covering the magnesium powders on the surface of the boron powders, and wrapping the connected superconductors, the boron powders and the magnesium powders with the metal sleeve; 3) welding the metal sleeve processed in the step 2); and 4) carrying out heating processing on the metal sleeve prepared in the step 3).

The invention discloses an ascending and descending field auxiliary device for a superconducting magnet. The ascending and descending field auxiliary device comprises an energy-releasing component, wherein the ascending and descending field auxiliary device is positioned in the superconducting magnet during quenching of the superconducting magnet; and the energy-releasing component is coupled with current of the superconducting magnet. During quenching of the superconducting magnet, a part of electromagnetic energy can be conducted to the ascending and descending field auxiliary device of a specific embodiment of the invention, so that joule heat in a refrigeration shielding layer of the superconducting magnet can be reduced, and a part of liquid helium loss is saved. In addition, the temperature voltage in a coil of the magnet and the power of a quenching transmission heater can be reduced, and quenching protection on the magnet is facilitated.

The present invention relates to an AlGaInP semiconductor laser with a superlattice limiting layer. The AlGaInP semiconductor laser includes a substrate, a lower limiting layer, a lower waveguide layer, a quantum well layer, an upper waveguide layer, a first upper limiting layer, a second upper limiting layer and an ohmic contact layer from the bottom to the top. The first upper limiting layer isa superlattice structure in which an AlGaInP material of a high aluminum component and an AlGaInP material of a low aluminum component are alternately grown, in the first upper limiting layer, the doping material of the AlGaInP material of the high aluminum component is Mg, the doping material of the AlGaInP material of the low aluminum component is Mg, the second upper limiting layer is the AlGaInP material of the high aluminum component, and the doping material of the second upper limiting layer is Mg. According to the AlGaInP semiconductor laser, the highly doped first upper limiting layerand second upper limiting layer are used, the series resistance of an epitaxial layer can be reduced, the generation of Joule heat is reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved.