The invention discloses an aluminum-based material. Aluminum nitride, zirconium oxide and tantalum oxide particles are uniformly distributed in an aluminum alloy substrate, MoS2, Al2O3 and SiC are distributed on part of a surface layer of the aluminum alloy substrate, the hardness of aluminum nitride, zirconium oxide and tantalum oxide is high, the hardness and wear-resisting performance of the substrate are significantly improved, and fluorinated graphite powder can improve the anti-friction property. The surface of the substrate is coated with a Mn-Cr coating in a fusion mode to effectivelyimprove the wear-resisting performance and corrosion resistance of the alloy surface. The dispersion strengthening of strengthening phases of Si, Cu, Cr, Ni, Hf, Fe, Ag, Ca, Li, Ba and other elementsin the alloy improves the mechanical properties of the material. A preparation method enables mixed powder to be located in the center of a master alloy solution during casting through a method by adhering the mixed powder to a pure aluminum metal wire, the rapid diffusion and homogenization of micro powder particles is facilitated, the production efficiency is improved, wear-resistant materials are locally added by friction stir machining, and the material utilization ratio is improved.