The invention discloses a preparing method of an edible chitosan elastic sponge with an aromatic odor. According to the method, juice replaces an existing cross-linking agent to be subjected to a cross-linking reaction with chitosan, then a reaction product is subjected to a covalent cross-linking reaction with aldehydes from an edible plant to prepare the edible chitosan elastic sponge with the aromatic odor. The edible chitosan elastic sponge with the aromatic odor has the advantages of edibility, aromatic odor, high tensile strength, high elasticity moduli, high breaking tenacity, rapid self-recovery capability, good fatigue resistance, high gas permeability, high adsorption capacity, biocompatibility, bacterial resistance, environmental protection performance (the material is free of pollution) and the like; besides, the process has the advantages that the process is environmentally friendly, easy to operate and safe, the materials are recycled, and no secondary pollution is causedaccordingly; the prepared sponge can be applied to the field of artificial meat food, perfume satchels, chewing gum, hemostasis dressings, tissue engineering scaffolds, oil-water separation, heavy metals, dyestuff adsorbents and the like.