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108 results about "Over potential" patented technology

In electrochemistry, overpotential is the potential difference (voltage) between a half-reaction's thermodynamically determined reduction potential and the potential at which the redox event is experimentally observed. The term is directly related to a cell's voltage efficiency.

Alkaline battery

An alkaline battery constructed of a cathode can and an anode cup in such a way that an open end of the cathode can is sealed by the anode cup, with a gasket interposed between them, characterized in that the open end of the anode cup is folded back in U-shape along its periphery and the fold is tightened for hermetic sealing by the internal periphery of the open end of the cathode can, with the gasket interposed between them, the anode cup has a higher hydrogen over potential material coating layer formed in a limited region on the inside thereof excluding the bottom of the U-shaped fold and the outer periphery of the fold, the cathode can contains the cathode active material and silver-nickelite (AgNiO.sub.2), the anode cup contains the anode mix which is mercury-free zinc or zinc alloy powder as the anode active material.
Owner:MURATA MFG CO LTD

Keggin type heteropoly acid-polypyrrole-graphene composite material modified electrode as well as preparation method and application thereof

The invention discloses a preparation method of a Keggin type heteropoly acid-polypyrrole-graphene composite material modified electrode. The preparation method comprises the following steps: selecting a glassy carbon electrode and carrying out surface treatment on the glassy carbon electrode; dropping graphene dispersion liquid on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode and putting the glassy carbon electrode under an infrared lamp to be dried to prepare a graphene modified electrode; immersing the prepared graphene modified electrode into a sulfuric acid solution containing polypyrrole and Keggin type heteropoly acid; scanning by using a cyclic voltammetry; after scanning, taking out the graphene modified electrode and eluting with water for the second time; drying at room temperature to obtain the Keggin type heteropoly acid-polypyrrole-graphene composite material modified electrode. The Keggin type heteropoly acid-polypyrrole-graphene composite material modified electrode prepared by the preparation method has a sensitive inhibition effect based on an oxidization reduction reaction of folic acid on the Keggin type heteropoly acid and can be used for determining the folic acid; compared with a common electrode, the Keggin type heteropoly acid-polypyrrole-graphene composite material modified electrode has the advantages of small over-potential, high sensitivity, good stability, high reproducibility and the like; a preparation process is simple, raw materials are easy to obtain and the cost is low.
Owner:QINGDAO UNIV

Negative lead paste for lead carbon battery and negative plate

The invention discloses negative lead paste for a lead carbon battery and a negative plate. The negative lead paste for the lead carbon battery is prepared from the following raw materials in parts byweight: 100 parts of ball-milled lead powder, 0.5-10 parts of a modified carbon material of high specific surface area, 0.05-5 parts of short carbon fibers, 0.05-0.5 part of Phosmer PE, 0.5-3 parts of superfine barium sulfate, 0.5-2 parts of lignin sulfonate, 0.5-2 parts of humic acid as well as water accounting for 10-20% of the mass of the lead powder and sulfuric acid aqueous solution accounting for 10-15% of the mass of the ball-milled lead powder. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly coating the negative lead paste on a negative grid, spraying dilute sulfuric acid of 1.0-1.2mol / L on the surface of the negative grid coated with the negative lead paste, putting the negative grid coated with the negative lead paste and sprayed with the dilute sulfuric acid under conditions of 45-70 DEG C and relative humidity of 85-99% for curing for 36-60 hours, taking the grid as a negative plate after curing, and putting the negative plate into electrolyte for formation, thereby obtaining the finished negative plate of the lead carbon battery after formation. The battery made by the plate disclosed by the invention has the advantages of being high in hydrogen evolution over-potential, long in cycle life and the like.
Owner:ZHEJIANG UNIV OF TECH

Formation method of lithium ion secondary battery using lithium titanate as cathode

The invention relates to a formation method of a battery, in particular to an opening formation method of a lithium ion secondary battery using lithium titanate as a cathode, and the method comprises the following steps: at a formation temperature of the lithium ion secondary battery using lithium titanate as the cathode, the charging process comprises large current constant-current charge to a charge cutoff voltage and a constant-voltage charge to a cutoff current, and a solid electrolyte interfacial film is formed on the surface of the cathode material, wherein the large current is 0.2 C to 3C; the charge cutoff voltage is 1.8V to 2.8V, the cutoff current is less than or equal to 0.05C, and the formation temperature of the lithium ion secondary battery is 15 DEG C to 60 DEG C. Aiming at the characters of the lithium ion secondary battery using lithium titanate as the cathode, the large current is adopted to charge in the formation process, thus forcing to form an SEI film on the surface of the lithium titanate cathode, and the generated gas is pumped, thus avoiding the gas bulging problem owning to reaction of the lithium titanate active material and electrolyte caused by over-potential in the using process of the lithium battery and ensuring the capacity and the cyclicity of the battery simultaneously.
Owner:SUZHOU PHYLION BATTERY

Method for improving the efficiency and durability of electrical energy storage using solid oxide electrolysis cell

A method for improving the efficiency and durability of reversible solid oxide cells during electrical energy storage is disclosed. The method utilizes a specific set of operating conditions that produces a storage chemistry where approximately thermal-neutral operation can be achieved at low cell over-potentials. Also disclosed are reversible solid oxide cell energy storage system configurations, including one that utilizes storage in natural gas and water storage / distribution networks, thereby reducing storage cost.
Owner:NORTHWESTERN UNIV

Fct-phase FePtCu ternary alloy nano particle catalyst and synthesis method thereof

The invention provides an fct-phase FePtCu ternary alloy nano particle catalyst and a synthesis method thereof. A polyalcohol reduction method is adopted, and metal precursors (including anhydrous FeCl2, platinum acetylacetonate and copper acetylacetonate), 1,2-hexadecanediol, oleic acid and oleylamine are heated to react in an organic solvent hexadecylamine, and are stirred in an N2 protection atmosphere; after heating and cooling, n-hexane and ethanol are added, and then the mixture is centrifuged and separated; supernatant is removed and sediment is dried to obtain a nano particle product; the structure, magnetism and catalytic activity of the nano particle product are determined; and the diameter of fct-phase FePtCu ternary alloy nano particles is 9-15 nanometers, the coercive force reaches 900Oe-4800Oe, an HER (Hydrogen Evolution Reaction) electro-catalytic property is characterized under the condition of 10mA/cm<2> and the over-potential eta=34-44mV Tafel slope b is equal to 23.6mV/dec-28.2mV/dec, and the ORR (Oxygen Reduction Reaction) electro-catalytic performance is excellent. The invention further synthesizes the fct-phase FePtCu ternary alloy nano particle catalyst with excellent performance. The fct-phase FePtCu ternary alloy nano particle catalyst does not need to be subjected to high-temperature annealing treatment, has the advantages of simplicity in preparation, low cost, high catalytic activity and good catalyst stability, and has very great application potential by being used as the HER and OOR electro-catalyst.
Owner:HUBEI UNIV

Cobalt nitride nanometer cubic-nitrogen doped carbon composite material, preparation method and application

The invention discloses a preparation method for a bifunctional catalyst material for a lithium air battery. A cobalt nitride nanometer cubic-nitrogen doped carbon composite material is taken as an air electrode catalyst material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dispersing cobalt salt and polyvinylpyrrolidone in methyl alcohol, thereby acquiring a dispersion solution; dissolving 2-methylimidazole in methyl alcohol, thereby acquiring another dispersion solution; mixing the two dispersion solutions, fully stirring for reacting, and then standing, purifying and washing, thereby acquiring a nanometer-scale metallic organic frame complex; performing fractional heat treatment on the complex at 300-400 DEG C, wherein the front fractional heat treatment is performed under inert atmosphere and the posterior fractional heat treatment is performed under the condition of introducing ammonia gas; and finally, acquiring the cobalt nitride nanometer cubic-nitrogen doped carbon composite material. When the material is applied to the catalyst for the lithium air battery, under the effects of high electronic transmission performance and stable catalytic performance of nitrides, the charging / discharging over-potential of the lithium air battery can be effectively reduced, the double-trip efficiency of the battery can be increased, and the circulating service life of the battery can be prolonged. The invention has the advantages of excellent catalytic performance of the catalyst material, simple and controllable preparation method, high operability and low production cost.
Owner:CENT SOUTH UNIV

Photo-cured solid state composite electrolyte and preparation method thereof

ActiveCN109786812AGood compatibilitySolve the shortcomings of being easily oxidizedFinal product manufactureLi-accumulatorsSolid state electrolyteIon distribution
The invention relates to a photo-cured solid state composite electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of alkali metal batteries. The electrolyte is prepared byuniformly mixing a polymer prepolymer, a photoinitiator, an inorganic solid electrolyte, a salt and an ionic liquid in a light shielding condition, and then carrying out ultraviolet curing under an inert atmosphere. The electrolyte has gradient distribution characteristics due to the gravity sedimentation effect of the inorganic solid state electrolyte in the preparation process, so that the defect that the PEO is directly contacted with the positive electrode and is easy to oxidize can be solved; meanwhile, the metal ion distribution of the surface of the battery electrolyte and the surface of the metal negative electrode can be adjusted, high compatibility of the alkali metal negative electrode and the positive electrode is achieved, and relatively low over-potential and long-term cycling stability in the constant-current polarization can be shown; the impedance of the electrolyte and the electrode interface is relatively small, and the impedance is almost not increased along with the increase of the storage time of the battery; and the method has the advantages that the preparation process is simple, the conventional equipment is used, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the method is safe and pollution-free, and the method is suitable for large-scale batch production.
Owner:BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYGY

Method for preparing alkaline hydrogen peroxide in situ

The invention relates to a method for preparing alkaline hydrogen peroxide in situ, which is used for taking hydrogen, oxygen and an alkaline solution as raw materials to prepare an alkaline hydrogen peroxide water solution by direct electrocatalysis in situ. The preparing method adopts a membrane reactor, the oxygen and the hydrogen enter cathode and anode by the air inlets of a cathode end plate and an anode end plate and generate electrochemical reaction on the gas diffusion electrode loading with nano electro-catalyst, and the obtained product rapidly enters an electrolyte solution to be beneficial to the enrichment of the hydrogen peroxide. The middle adopts a cation-exchange membrane, so the explosion hazard of direct reaction of the hydrogen and the oxygen is avoided, and the safety is high. The volume of the reactor is small, and the product can be simply separated from reactants. Adopting the gas diffusion electrode loading with the nano electro-catalyst, the preparing method effectively increases the three-phase reaction interface, improves the utilization ratio of the catalyst, and increases the reaction rate. The use of the nano electro-catalyst can effectively reduce the over potential of reaction and energy consumption.
Owner:DALIAN INST OF CHEM PHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI

Aftertreatment Module with Reduced Bypass Flow

An aftertreatment module includes a catalytic brick having upstream and downstream flanges sized to extend over potential leak flow paths between bricks. Additionally, an aftertreatment module has an array of similarly flanged bricks to reduce leakage through all interfaces between adjacent bricks. A frame for holding the array of bricks includes flow modulators to restrict leakage through an interface between the frame and at least one side surface defined by the array of bricks.
Owner:CATERPILLAR INC

Preparation method and applications of impregnation type mono-atomic iron-carbon layer modified nickel based or cobalt based composite material electrode

ActiveCN109898097ALow electrocatalytic water splitting oxygen evolution reaction overpotentialGood shape retentionElectrodesCarbon layerDecomposition
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemistry, and relates to a preparation method of an impregnation type mono-atomic iron-carbon layer modified nickel based or cobalt based composite material electrode. The preparation method comprises following steps: preparing an ethanol solution of tannic acid and an ethanol solution of ferric nitrate; slowly and dropwise adding the ferricnitrate solution into the tannic acid solution to form a colloidal solution; soaking a substrate material into the colloidal solution, wherein the substrate material is nickel based or cobalt based carbon paper, carbon cloth, electroconductive glass or a stainless steel net; taking out the substrate material, mixing the substrate material with a sulfur source, a phosphor source, or a nitrogen source, (or no other raw material is added), burning the substrate material for 0.5 to 4 hours under the protection of inert gas, and cooling. The raw materials are cheap, nontoxic and easily available, the operation is easy and simple, multiple substrates can be painted and impregnated, the reaction time is short, and industrialization is easy. The prepared composite material electrode has a good morphology maintaining performance, good electrochemical properties, and high stability, and can be applied to electrocatalytic decomposition of water to prepare oxygen. The prepared composite material can be used as the positive pole for electrocatalytic decomposition of water; and the over-potential is 280 mV, when the current density is 40 mA / cm<-2>.
Owner:JIANGSU UNIV

Preparation method of ternary composite material for lead-carbon battery

InactiveCN106410160AImprove low conductivitySolve the serious problem of reunionLead-acid accumulatorsCell electrodesFiberActivated carbon
The invention relates to a preparation method of a ternary composite material for a lead-carbon battery. The preparation method comprises the following steps: performing purification treatment on biomass fibers and graphene oxide by using a NaOH solution to ensure that sufficient graphene oxide is loaded on surfaces of the biomass fibers; and then performing high-temperature carbonization after chemical adsorption of Pb ions to obtain a lead/graphene/activated carbon fiber ternary composite material. According to the method provided by the invention, the adopted biomass fibers are wide in source, the preparation process is economical and environment-friendly, the prepared lead/graphene/activated carbon fiber ternary composite material not only can solve the problem of low electric conductivity of activated carbon by virtue of graphene, but also effectively solves the problem of serious agglomeration of graphene. Meanwhile, a layer of nano-scale lead oxide covers uniformly on the surface of a carbon material, so that on one hand, the over-potential of hydrogen evolution of the carbon material is improved, and on the other hand, the compatibility between the carbon material and lead powder is improved, and the interface resistance is reduced. The ternary composite material is used for making the lead-carbon battery, and the cycle life of the battery is prolonged.
Owner:SHUANGDENG GRP

Preparation method of nickel-based alloy electrolysis hydrogen evolution cathode porous material

The invention discloses a preparation method of a nickel-based alloy electrolysis hydrogen evolution cathode porous material. According to the preparation method, a Ni-W-Al-LaNi5 porous material is synthesized by uniformly mixing and drying four types of high-purity element powder, namely, Ni, W, Al and LaNi5, in the following percentage by mass: 15 to 32 percent of the W, 5 to 18 percent of the Al, 2 to 7 percent of the LaNi5, and the balance of Ni, pressing and forming to obtain a green body, and performing a vacuum sintering reaction on the green body by utilizing a solid phase partial diffusion principle. The porous material prepared by the preparation method has the advantages of abundant pores, large specific surface area, concerted catalysis, low hydrogen evolution over-potential, stable hydrogen evolution, good corrosion resistance, easiness, environment-friendliness, capacity of batch production and the like, and has important significance to production and application of hydrogen energy.
Owner:XIANGTAN UNIV
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