Fuel cell stack compression systems, and fuel cell stacks and fuel cell systems containing the same. The compression systems include banded, framed, and / or segmented compression systems. In some embodiments, the compression systems include at least one compressive band that extends around the end plates and fuel cells, such as in a closed loop. In some embodiments, the banded compression systems include a force-directing structure, compressive inserts, and / or band positioning mechanisms. In some embodiments, the compression systems include a frame into which the stacks' end plates and cells are positioned and with which at least one end plate may be integrated. The frame includes a compression mechanism, which may be an adjustable compression mechanism and / or include one or more jacking members and / or a compression plate. In some embodiments the compression systems include toothed, or striated, segments that interconnect the end plates and retain the plates in compression with ratcheting lock assemblies.