The invention relates to 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline compound and a synthetic method and application thereof. In a structure formula of the compound, the R1 is nitro or trifluoromethyl or 3-nitrophenylnitrobenzene sulfonyl or cyano, the R2 is hydrogen or methyl, the R3 is methyl formate or butyl formate, and the R4 is methyl. An aromatic ring of the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline compound contains a series of electron withdrawing groups. The synthetic method is simple, economical, environment-friendly, easy to operate, easy to control, higher in product purity and yield and good in development prospect in industrial production; in addition, the synthetic method is also a novel synthetic method in atom economy; furthermore, the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline compound can serve as intermediate to be used for preparing antagonist medicine.