81results about How to "Improve electrochemical reactivity" patented technology

The invention provides an electrode for a vanadium battery, comprising a carbon basal body and a carbon nano-tube layer formed on the surface of the basal body, wherein the carbon basal body is selected from a graphite felt, a carbon felt, a carbon paper and carbon cloth. The invention also provides an all-vanadium redox flow battery containing the electrode. The electrode has improved electrochemical activity and reliable mechanical strength.

The invention relates to an anode material composed by doping phosphate iron and lithium active substance and carbon and used for the secondary lithium battery and a manufacturing method thereof. The invention is characterized in that the general expression of the active substance is Li<3+Y>Fe<2-X>Mex(PO4)3(Me = Ti, Sc, Ge, Al, Zr, Mn, Hf, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Ru, Ag, Sn, and Pb, etc.); the characteristic in preparation is that the raw material is synthesized into the crystal state of Li<3+Y>Fe<2-X>Mex(PO4)3 through a solid reaction, an hydrothermal method and a sol-gel method in a proper proportion. Then the prepared powder and the carbon is grinded and mixed through a planetary ball mill to obtain the anode material Li<3+Y>Fe<2-X>Mex(PO4)3 / C The specific capacity of the anode material can be up to 122mAhg<-1> (charging and discharging at the rate of C / 20) and 100mAhg<-1> (charging and discharging at the rate of C / 2); furthermore, the material has a good circulation performance and retentivity of specific capacity, thus providing a favorable anode material for the practicality of the secondary lithium ion battery.

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium-ion battery electrolytes, in particular to a high-voltage lithium-ion battery electrolyte. The high-voltage lithium-ion battery electrolyte comprises non-aqueous solvent, lithium salt and an additive. The additive comprises the mixture of phosphonitrile, annular sulphate and hydrogen fluoroether. The high-voltage lithium-ion battery electrolyte can form a film on the surface of an electrode through the synergistic effect of the phosphonitrile, the annular sulphate and the hydrogen fluoroether, oxygenolysis of the electrolyte is restrained, and the cycle performance of 4.5 V and 5.0 V high-voltage lithium-ion batteries is obviously improved.

A negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery, a method of preparing the negative active material, and a rechargeable lithium battery including the negative active material. The negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery includes lithium titanium oxide (Li4Ti5O12) having a tap density of about 1.2 g / cc to 2.2 g / cc. The lithium titanium oxide is prepared by a mechano-chemical treatment and a heat treatment at a low temperature of about 650° C. to 775° C. According to the present invention, lithium titanium oxide having high crystallinity and tap density can be prepared through a simple and low-cost solid-phase method, e.g., a mechano-chemical treatment, and thus an electrode with excellent electrochemical reactivity and high energy density per volume can be fabricated.

The invention provides a bipolar plate of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The bipolar plate of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is formed by combining a positive pole single plate and a negative pole single plate; a positive pole flow field is arranged on the outer side of the positive pole single plate; a negative pole flow field is arranged on the outer side of the negative pole single plate; and a coolant flow field is formed by a cavity between the positive pole single plate and the negative pole single plate. A positive pole inlet and a positive pole outlet are formed in the left and right sides of the bipolar plate of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and a negative pole inlet and a negative pole outlet are formed in the left and right sides of the bipolar plate ofthe proton exchange membrane fuel cell; a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet are formed in the upper and lower sides of the bipolar plate of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell; and the positive pole inlet and the negative pole inlet are formed in the left and right sides of the polar plate of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Vertical cross flow of a coolant and negative pole gas and positive pole gas is realized, and then the electrochemical reaction activity of the bipolar plate of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is improved, and preferable heat management is realized.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a lithium-sulfur battery cathode material based on a phosphorus-doped graphene supported nickel phosphide material. The method comprises the following steps: (1) adding a surface active agent into graphene oxide to obtain graphene oxide dispersion liquid; (2) adding a nickel source and alkali liquor into distilled water to obtain a saline solution; (3) adding the saline solution into the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, carrying out a hydrothermal reaction, then washing, and carrying out freeze drying to obtain a graphene composite material loaded with a nickel precursor; (4) enabling the graphene composite material loaded with the nickel precursor to be subjected to a phosphating reaction so as to obtain the phosphorus-doped graphene supported nickel phosphide material; (5) compounding the phosphorus-doped graphene supported nickel phosphide material with sublimed sulfur to obtain the lithium-sulfur battery cathode material based on thephosphorus-doped graphene supported nickel phosphide material. The phosphorus-doped graphene supported nickel phosphide material prepared by the method has a three-dimensional space structure, thus having an obvious domain limiting effect on sulfur and remarkably inhibiting the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfide.

The invention provides a high-activity electrode material, which is applied in the field of electrode materials for electrochemical reactions. The high-activity electrode material is prepared from an organic fiber material serving as a basic raw material by the following steps: carding the basic raw material; needling to form a pre-oxidized felt; calcining and carbonizing at a high temperature to form a carbon felt; calcining and graphitizing at a high temperature to form a graphite felt, wherein in the processes of carding the basic raw material, needling to form the pre-oxidized felt; calcining and carbonizing at the high temperature to form the carbon felt, and calcining and graphitizing at the high temperature to form the graphite felt, one of the processes is selected for activation treatment; the activation treatment refers to physical Van der Waals force adsorption or chemical grafting taking an organic resin as a bonding agent. The high-activity electrode material has the characteristics of high specific surface area, acid resistance and corrosion resistance; a resin product is cheap and easy to get, so that large-scale industrial production can be realized.

The invention provides a vanadium battery positive electrode electrolyte which comprises VOSO4 and H2SO4. The vanadium battery anode electrolyte is characterized by also comprising an additive selected from a group comprising free carbamidine, thiazole and sulfonamide. The anode electrolyte can obviously improve the reactive activity of a positive electrode of the vanadium battery.

The invention discloses a lithium-ion battery germanium / carbon composite negative electrode material and a preparation method and an application thereof. The composite negative electrode material includes germanium nanoparticles, mesocarbon microbeads and amorphous carbon. The preparation method comprises the steps of (1) dissolving GeO2 in an alkaline solution, adding nanocrystalline cellulose, adjusting the pH-value of the obtained first suspension, adding the mesocarbon microbeads and stirring to form a second suspension, and transferring the second suspension to a water bath; (2) preparingan NaBH4 solution, adding the heated second suspension, stirring for reaction in the water bath, washing wafer vacuum filtration, then carrying out vacuum drying, roasting the dried solid in an inertgas or reducing atmosphere to obtain the product. The composite negative electrode material disclosed by the invention has high mass capacity and volume specific capacity, can effectively alleviate the volume change and pulverization of germanium, is high in cycle stability and good in compatibility with a propylene carbonate containing electrolyte, has the advantages of good low-temperature electrochemical performance and the like and can be applied to lithium-ion batteries.

The invention relates to a method for preparing tin-nickel alloy of cathode materials of a lithium ion battery by electrolyzing melted salt. The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing oxides of tin and nickel, sintering to obtain a sinter cake after slurry-casting or pressing shaping, compounding the sinter cake with a conductive current collector into a cathode, using graphite as an anode, using mixed electrolyte of CaCl2 or CaCl2, NaCl as a melt; controlling electrolysis voltage not to be less than theoretical decomposition voltage of the melted salt, controlling electrolysis temperature at 550-850 DEG C, protecting electrolysis process by inert gases, and preparing the tin-nickel alloy with Sn / Ni atom ratio of 4:3-1:3. The invention has short production process, low energy consumption, little pollution and easy continuous production; and the prepared tin-nickel alloy of the cathode materials of the lithium ion battery has high specific capacity and stable circulation property.

The invention provides a method for preparing micro-porous carbon-structural electrode material from plant materials and application of the micro-porous carbon-structural electrode material and belongs to the field of new-generation energy storage. The method includes the steps of firstly, frequently boiling water and ethyl alcohol mixture containing cellulose-enriched plants to remove proteins, fats, sucrose organics; secondly, heating and drying and then subjecting the mixture to high-temperature calcination in atmosphere of protective gases, cooling naturally to obtain a micro-porous carbon-structural material; thirdly, putting the micro-porous carbon-structural material in mixed solution of sulfuric acid and nitric acid while stirring continuously for 10-20 minutes to achieve surface functionalization. According to the method, the cellulose-enriched plant residues are utilized for preparing the electrode material for the first time, acid solution can be recycled, the whole preparation is simple and free of pollution, the method can be applied to production in scale, and the prepared electrode material has excellent performance which is similar to the lithium-ion storage performance of graphene material, has high practicable value, and has potential to substitute for the commercial graphite to serve as the novel lithium-ion battery electrode material.

The invention relates to a copper-based anode catalyst for a direct methanol fuel cell, and a preparation method thereof, wherein polyvinyl alcohol polyaniline conductive hydrogel subjected to freezethawing treatment is used as a carrier, and loads a transition metal copper through electro-deposition, and calcining is performed in an inert atmosphere to obtain a composite material loaded by a nitrogen-containing carbon material and containing 60-80 wt% of elemental copper nanocrystalline. According to the invention, a brand-new catalyst carrier is adopted to load a transition metal copper through electro-deposition so as to replace precious metals, and the electronic structure of the catalyst is regulated and controlled by doping heteroatoms, so that the catalytic activity and the electrode conductivity of the catalyst are improved, and the catalyst is directly used as the anode of the direct methanol fuel cell and has excellent electrochemical reaction activity.

The invention provides a cobalt phosphide molybdenum particle modified nitrogen-phosphorus co-doped carbon composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, which belong to the technical field of electrochemistry and new energy. The cobalt phosphide molybdenum particle modified nitrogen-phosphorus co-doped carbon composite material is formed by stacking carbon materials, so thata large number of three-dimensional spaces are formed; the cobalt phosphide molybdenum particles are embedded in a carbon matrix, and the size of the cobalt phosphide molybdenum particles is nanoscale. The cobalt molybdenum phosphide has a large number of electrochemical active sites, is excellent in conductivity, and can promote electrochemical reaction and improve the performance of the lithiumion battery. Besides, the nitrogen-phosphorus co-doped carbon material is good in conductivity, a large number of three-dimensional spaces are generated by mutual stacking, the volume change in the process of battery reaction can be effectively alleviated, and the service life of the battery is improved; the preparation method is simple, cheap and efficient, batch production and commercial application of the bimetal phosphide material can be promoted, and therefore good practical application value is achieved.

The invention discloses a proton exchange membrane fuel cell membrane electrode electrocatalyst and a preparation method thereof. The electrocatalyst is prepared through the method including the steps of adding graphene oxide powder to polyhydric alcohols, conducting ultrasonic dispersing to obtain a graphene oxide alcohol solution, putting a chloroplatinic acid water solution to polyhydric alcohols to obtain a chloroplatinic acid alcohol solution, mixing the prepared graphene oxide alcohol solution and the chloroplatinic acid alcohol solution, adding aqueous alkali to the prepared mixed solution to adjust the pH to be 8-12, transferring the materials into a microwave reaction still, heating the materials to 80-180 DEG C at the microwave power of 180-250 W for reaction for 5-25 min, cooling reaction liquid, conducting vacuum filtering, alternately washing a filter cake with organic solvent and deionized water till the pH of filtrate is neutral, and drying the filter cake till the weight is constant to obtain the Pt / graphene electrocatalyst. The electrocatalyst prevents particle aggregation and is small in granularity, the high-dispersity electrocatalyst is high in catalytic activity, and the utilization rate of the electrocatalyst is increased.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a double-carbon-layer-protected bismuth nanoparticle composite material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, dispersing a bismuth source and an organic ligand in an organic solvent to obtain a uniform solution; s2, taking the uniform solution, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction to generate a Bi MOF precursor; s3, dispersing the Bi MOF precursor obtained in the step S3 into a Tris buffer solution, adding dopamine hydrochloride under violent stirring, and continuously stirring to obtain Bi MOF (at) PDA; and S4, respectively putting the Bi MOF (at) PDA obtained in the step S4 and a nitrogen-containing pore-forming agent into two quartz boats, and carrying out carbon thermal reduction treatment, so as to obtain the double-carbon-layer protected bismuth nanoparticle composite material. The overall synthesis method is simple, the utilization rate of active substances is high, the electrode material structure is stable, the number of active sites is large, and the rate and cycling stability of the potassium ion battery are better improved.

The invention discloses a fuel cell metal bipolar plate regional runner, which belongs to the technical field of fuel cells. According to the metal bipolar plate regional runner new structure, each hydrogen runner comprises a hydrogen runner gas inlet area, a hydrogen runner descending area, a hydrogen runner lowest area and a hydrogen runner gas outlet area, wherein the gas inlet area at least comprises two gas inlet steps, the descending area at least comprises one step, and each of the lowest area and the gas outlet area comprises one step. Each oxygen runner comprises an oxygen runner gasinlet area, an oxygen runner highest area, an oxygen runner descending area and an oxygen runner gas outlet area; the adjacent steps of the oxygen and hydrogen runners are connected end to end througha slope surface; the depth of the hydrogen runner is gradually reduced as a whole, and is increased after reaching the lowest area; the depth of the oxygen runner is gradually increased as a whole, and is reduced after reaching the highest area. Thus, the problems of low gas flow rate and insufficient pressure in the metal bipolar plate runner can be solved, the sufficiency and drainage of electrochemical reaction can be improved and the service life of the polar plate can be prolonged.

The invention discloses a high-entropy alloy / carbon nanotube modified lithium carbon fluoride battery positive plate and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing a high-entropy alloy / carbon nanotube composite material; step 2, weighing 70%-90% of carbon fluoride, 5%-20% of the high-entropy alloy / carbon nanotube composite material and 5%-10% of a binder in percentage by mass, grinding and uniformly mixing, then adding a solvent, and uniformly stirring to obtain positive electrode slurry with flowability; and step 3, uniformly coating an aluminum foil or a carbon-coated aluminum foil with the positive electrode slurry by using a film coating device, and carrying out vacuum drying to remove the solvent to obtain the high-entropy alloy / carbon nanotube modified lithium carbon fluoride battery positive electrode plate. The invention also provides a lithium carbon fluoride battery. The lithium carbon fluoride battery comprises an electrolyte, a diaphragm, a negative plate and the high-entropy alloy / carbon nanotube modified lithium carbon fluoride battery positive plate. The prepared positive plate can improve the conductivity and rate capability of the lithium carbon fluoride battery, and improve the specific energy and storage performance of the battery.

Provided is a method for manufacturing an anode of a cable-type secondary battery having a solid electrolyte layer, including preparing an aqueous solution of an anode active material, making an anode by immersing a core as a current collector having a horizontal cross section of a predetermined shape and extending longitudinally in the aqueous solution, then applying an electric current to form a porous shell of the anode active material on the surface of the core, and forming a solid electrolyte layer on the surface of the anode by passing the anode through a solid electrolyte solution. The anode has a high contact area to increase the mobility of lithium ions, thereby improving battery performance. Also, the anode is capable of relieving stress and pressure in the battery, such as volume expansion during charging and discharging, thereby preventing battery deformation and ensuring battery stability.

The invention discloses a metal-graphite medium-temperature energy storage battery and a preparation method thereof, and the metal-graphite medium-temperature energy storage battery is characterized in that the metal-graphite medium-temperature energy storage battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte; a gasket is arranged between the positive electrode and thenegative electrode; the electrolyte is arranged in the gasket, and the positive electrode is a graphite material; the electrolyte is YAlCl4 of saturated YCl, wherein Y is Li, Na or K; the negative electrode is an X|XCl2 solid-phase composite electrode, wherein X is a metal with the electronegativity being higher than the electronegativity of Al. The operation temperature of the battery is 100-200DEG C, the cycle life exceeds 10000 times, and the balance voltage is about 1-1.7 V.

Method for improving performance of direct sodium borohydride fuel cell, the technical scheme is that, at a temperature range of 293.15 to 313.15 K, adding ureophil or sodium oxalate into alkaline solution of sodium borohydride and mixing uniformly, then the mixture is used as electrolyte of direct sodium borohydride fuel cell, testing shows that electrochemical performance of the fuel cell is improved obviously. Direct sodium borohydride fuel cell according to the invention, the added ureophil or sodium oxalate into alkaline solution of sodium borohydride can inhibit hydrolysis of sodium borohydride effectively and overcome penetration of boron-hydrogen ion, and improve performace of direct sodium borohydride fuel cell.

The invention relates to a cobalt-based complex catalyst for a direct methanol fuel cell anode,and a preparation method thereof, wherein a polyvinyl alcohol-polyaniline conductive hydrogel treated with a weakly alkali is as a carrier, and is soaked in a soluble cobalt salt, and calcining is performed in an inert atmosphere to obtain an elemental cobalt nanocrystalline composite material wrapped bya nitrogen-containing carbon material and having elemental cobalt content of 2-6 wt%. According to the invention, a brand-new catalyst carrier loaded transition metal cobalt is adopted to replace traditional precious metals, and the electronic structure of the catalyst is regulated and controlled by doping heteroatoms, so that the catalytic activity and the electrode conductivity of the catalystare improved, and the catalyst has excellent electrochemical reaction activity.

The invention provides a magnetic quantum dot molecular imprinting material used for detecting bisphenol A and application, and belongs to the technical field of analytic sensing. An electrochemiluminescence sensor of a molecular imprinting compound based on doping of a magnetic material and quantum dots is disclosed, and precise detection of an environmental hormone bisphenol A is achieved by utilizing the specific recognition effect of a molecular imprinting technique, the efficient separating and electrode modification effect of a magnetic composite structure and the high-sensitivity response of electrochemiluminescence signals of the quantum dots to bisphenol A, wherein the concentration detection range of bisphenol A is from 1*10<-9> M to 1*10<-4> M, and the detection limit is 3.4*10<-10> M. The sensor is high in sensitivity and selectivity, convenient to operate, good in stability, high in reproducibility and the like, and a novel and effective method is provided for the detection of environment hormones of industrial water, rivers and the like, and has a significant application prospect.

The invention discloses an iron electrochemical water treatment method for convection enhanced ion mass transfer. Based on the principle of electric flocculation, an anode adopts a particle electrode or a porous electrode filled with iron or aluminum, and a cathode adopts a carbon particle filled electrode or a stainless steel electrode or other dimensionally stable electrodes. Convection acts on the cathode and the anode to enhance mass transfer of cathode and anode ions, the flow ratio of cathode and anode waste liquid is controlled to be 1: (1-4) by utilizing an electromagnetic valve, and the convection acts to promote combination of metal ions and hydroxyl ions to generate metal oxides or hydroxides to adsorb and remove pollutants. On one hand, the problem of passivation in existing electrode electrolysis is effectively avoided, on the other hand, rapid meeting of metal ions and OH <-> can be accelerated, and generation of hydroxides and oxyhydroxide of iron or aluminum in the reaction is accelerated. Meanwhile, the convection effect can also prevent generated flocs or ionized ions from being oxidized between particle electrodes or porous electrodes, so that the electrodes are blocked, passivation is generated, and the electrolysis rate is reduced.

The invention provides a multi-wall carbon nanotube / poly L-histidine composite material-modified glassy carbon electrode, which comprises a glassy carbon electrode, wherein poly L-histidine and a multi-wall carbon nanotube are sequentially deposited on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode. The multi-wall carbon nanotube / poly L-histidine composite material-modified glassy carbon electrode has electrocatalytic activity, small impedance and good conductivity and has a good application prospect. The invention further provides a preparation method of the multi-wall carbon nanotube / poly L-histidine composite material-modified glassy carbon electrode. The method is mild in condition, easy to control and suitable for massive production.

The invention relates to an alkaline system direct methanol fuel cell anode catalyst and a preparation method thereof, wherein polyvinyl alcohol-polyaniline conductive hydrogel is used as a carrier and dip in a soluble nickel salt, and calcining is performed in an inert atmosphere to obtain an elemental nickel nanocrystalline composite material wrapped by a nitrogen-containing carbon material andhaving elemental nickel content of 2-8 wt%. According to the invention, a brand-new catalyst carrier loaded transition metal nickel is adopted to replace traditional precious metals, and the electronic structure of the catalyst is regulated and controlled by doping heteroatoms, so that the catalytic activity and the electrode conductivity of the catalyst are improved, and the catalyst has excellent electrochemical reaction activity.

The invention discloses a graphene-loaded vanadium pentoxide composite material, a preparation method thereof and application of the graphene-loaded vanadium pentoxide composite material in an aqueous zinc ion battery. The graphene-loaded vanadium pentoxide composite material is formed by in-situ growth of porous vanadium pentoxide nanosheets on the surface and between layers of layered graphene, the preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing a vanadium source, terephthalic acid and a graphene dispersion liquid, transferring into a high-pressure reaction kettle, and carrying out solvothermal reaction to obtain a V-MOF (at) graphene precursor; the V-MOF (at) graphene precursor is subjected to pyrolysis treatment to obtain the graphene-loaded vanadium pentoxide composite material with good conductivity, high structural stability and high electrochemical activity, the graphene-loaded vanadium pentoxide composite material is used as a positive electrode active material of the aqueous zinc ion battery, and the obtained aqueous zinc ion battery has excellent cycle performance and ultrahigh reversible specific capacity.

The invention discloses a copper-cobalt-zinc composite self-supporting nano array electrode material and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps of oxidizing copper into copper hydroxide, washing and drying to obtain a linear array structure; soaking the linear array structure in a methanol solution containing metal ions, and enabling the metal ions to fully grow on the linear array structure; then placing in a methanol solution of 2-methylimidazole until a solid substance is changed from blue to purple, washing and drying to obtain a self-supporting structure @ZIF, wherein the metal ions are Co ions and Zn ions; and placing the self-supporting structure@ ZIF in an ethanol solution containing Co ions and Zn ions, and carrying out solvothermal reaction in a closed environment until the solid substance becomes gray from purple to obtain the electrode material. The electrode material has a highly ordered hollow nano array, a large number of defect holes exist in the surface of the nano array, more active sites and smooth electron transmission channels are provided for the catalytic process, and the electrode material can be used as a positive electrode and a negative electrode of a water electrolysis device.

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium-ion battery electrolytes, in particular to lithium-ion battery electrolytes with both high and low temperature performance, including: lithium hexafluorophosphate, mixed organic solvents, film-forming additives, additives for improving dielectric constant and low-temperature wetting ability, and lithium salts Type additives; mixed organic solvents include carbonate solvents and linear carboxylate solvents; linear carboxylate solvents in mixed organic solvents are ethyl propionate, n-propyl propionate, n-propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate and isobutyl acetate or a mixture of any two or more; the additives to improve the dielectric constant and low-temperature wettability are fluoroethylene carbonate, difluoroethylene carbonate and 4-trifluoromethylethylene carbonate one or a mixture of any two or more. The battery prepared by using the lithium-ion battery electrolyte with both high and low temperature performance has a long cycle life, and not only ensures that the battery has good low-temperature discharge performance, but also can effectively take into account the storage performance of the battery at a high temperature of 60°C.

The invention relates to the field of lithium ion batteries and discloses a lithium iron phosphate power lithium-ion battery. A positive electrode material is prepared from, by weight, 94-96 parts oflithium iron phosphate, 3-5 parts of a positive electrode conductive agent, 1-3 parts of a positive electrode adhesive and 10-20 parts of a dissolving agent. A negative electrode material is preparedfrom, by weight, 94-96 parts of a negative electrode granular material, 0.9-1.2 parts of a negative electrode conductive agent, 2-2.4 parts of a thickening agent and 2-2.4 parts of a negative electrode adhesive. The negative electrode granular material has a core-shell structure, artificial graphite serves as a core material, and amorphous carbon serves as a shell material. The positive electrodematerial and the negative electrode material are well matched, and the negative electrode material is low in granularity, high in uniformity and attachment on copper foils and low in contact internalresistance. After the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material are made into the lithium ion batteries, internal resistance of the batteries can be reduced while low-temperatureperformance, high-temperature performance and cycle performance of the batteries can be improved.