276results about How to "Substance reduction" patented technology

A control apparatus for controlling an object that is modeled using at least one model parameter is provided. The control apparatus comprises an identifier, a controller and a modulator. The identifier identifies the model parameter. The controller is coupled to the identifier and uses the model parameter to determine a reference input so that an output of the object converges to a desired value. The modulator is coupled to the controller and applies any one of a delta-sigma modulation algorithm, a sigma-delta modulation algorithm and a delta modulation algorithm to the reference input to determine an input into the object. The model parameter is identified based on the output of the object and the reference input. Since the identifier determines the model parameter based on the reference input, the model parameters is prevented from vibrating.

According to the invention, a fluorination treated substance remarkably reduced in the light absorption loss of a substance to be treated, such as a fluoride thin film, a fluorination treatment apparatus capable of producing the fluorination treated substance, and a process for producing a fluorination treated substance can be provided. Disclosed is a process for producing a fluorination treated substance, comprising an enclosure step of enclosing a substance to be treated in a reactor and a fluorination reaction step of introducing a fluorine gas into the reactor to bring the substance to be treated into contact with the fluorine gas and thereby carry out fluorination reaction.

A process for the preparation of free carboxylic acids including: A) preparation of carboxylic acid by a biological cell located in an aqueous medium with addition of an amine of formula (I)where R1, R2 and R3, independently of one another, are identical or different, branched or unbranched, optionally substituted hydrocarbon radicals or H; B) for cases where the added amine A) is water-soluble, addition of a water-insoluble amine of formula (I), where, in A) or B), a multiphase system is obtained and the corresponding ammonium carboxylate is formed from the water-insoluble amine and the carboxylic acid; C) removal of the water-insoluble phase; and D) heating of the water-insoluble phase with release of free carboxylic acid.

The invention belongs to the technical field of medicaments, and relates to TS-1 granules for treating advanced gastric cancer and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing active medicaments tegafur, gimeracil and potassium oxonate into a cyclodextrin inclusion compound; and sieving the inclusion compound, uniformly mixing the sieved inclusion compound and pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials and performing wet granulation or dry granulation to prepare the granules. The granules have the advantages of increasing the water solubility and stability of the medicaments, covering the bitter taste of the tegafur, prolonging the action time, improving the medication compliance of patients with cancer, greatly improving the bioavailability of the medicaments and reducing the toxic or side effect of the medicaments.

The invention relates to a gemcitabine hydrochloride lyophilized powder injection and a preparation method thereof. The lyophilized powder injection comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of gemcitabine hydrochloride, 5-9 parts of mannitol, and 3-10 parts of sodium acetate. The freeze-drying step includes the following three stages: a pre-freezing stage, a primary drying stage and a secondary drying stage, and the entire freeze-drying time is lower than 20 hours. The gemcitabine hydrochloride lyophilized powder injection provided by the invention has the advantages of less types and amounts of adjuvants, easily-controlled technological parameters, simple process route, short freeze-drying time, convenience in operation, good repeatability, low contents of related substances, and controllable quality; and the redissolved lyophilized powder injection has good clarity and forming performance. The lyophilized powder injection has stable and controllable quality, is easy to realize industrial production, and can generate considerable economic and social benefits.

A vibrating gyro device includes a piezoelectric substrate, an upper main surface electrode, a lower main surface electrode, and a support substrate. The piezoelectric substrate is provided with inner open holes and outer open holes. Side edge surfaces of a frame-shaped region in the X-Y plane are exposed to the interior of the frame through the inner open holes. Side edge surfaces of the frame-shaped region are exposed to the exterior of the frame through the outer open holes. Drive detection electrodes arranged within the upper main surface electrode are bonded to the upper main surface of the frame-shaped region and together with the lower main surface electrode are electromechanically coupled with deformation of the frame-shaped region in the Z-axis direction and deformation of the frame-shaped region in a direction parallel or substantially parallel to the X-Y plane. The support substrate provides a vibration space for the frame-shaped region and supports the piezoelectric substrate. The vibration space prevents interference between the frame-shaped region and the support substrate and connects the inner open holes and the outer open holes.

Disclosed is a cigarette use biological addition agent and use thereof, wherein the biological enzyme comprises degraded proteinase, amylase, pectic enzyme, polysaccharide degraded enzyme, cellulose, surface active agent, enzyme activating agent, wall material, emulsifying agent, and cushioning liquid. The preparing process comprises the steps of agitating, immobilizing, and utilizing addition agent.

A resist composition for immersion exposure including: a fluorine-containing polymeric compound (F) containing a structural unit (f1) having a base dissociable group and a structural unit (f2) represented by general formula (f2-1) (wherein R represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a halogenated lower alkyl group; and W is a group represented by any one of general formulas (w-1) to (w-4)); a base component (A) that exhibits changed solubility in an alkali developing solution under the action of acid; and an acid generator component (B) that generates acid upon exposure.