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3281results about How to "Raise the pH" patented technology

Carbon dioxide sequestration using alkaline earth metal-bearing minerals

A method for mineral sequestration of pollutant gases resulting from the combustion of carbon-based fuels such as carbon and sulfur dioxides is provided and includes, providing a particulate magnesium-containing mineral and exposing the magnesium-containing mineral to a weak acid to dissolve magnesium from the mineral and form a magnesium-containing solution. The surface of the particulate magnesium-containing mineral is physically activated to expose and dissolve additional magnesium into the solution. Pollutant gases such as carbon dioxide are mixed with the magnesium-containing solution. When the pH of the magnesium-containing solution is increased, solid magnesium carbonate is formed.
Owner:THE OHIO STATES UNIV

Method for reducing odor using metal-modified silica particles

ActiveUS20050084438A1Stability can be compromisedAmeliorate pH-lowering affectMaterial nanotechnologyNon-fibrous pulp additionSilica particleCompound (substance)
A method for reducing odor is provided. In one embodiment, the method comprises modifying the surface of silica particles with a transition metal so that the silica particles are bonded to the transition metal through a covalent or coordinate bond. The method further comprises contacting the modified silica particles with an odorous compound, the transition metal facilitating the capture of the odorous compound.
Owner:KIMBERLY-CLARK WORLDWIDE INC

Saline-alkali soil improver

The invention relates to an improver for saline-alkali soil. The improver comprises a powder agent and a water agent, wherein the powder agent comprises the following components: organic matters, plant mycelium protein powder, active calcium, calcium superphosphate, aluminum sulfate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate, amino acid powder, bacillus subtilis and photosynthetic bacteria, and the water agent comprises the following components: citric acid, fulvic acid, humic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, L-tartaric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, humic acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, salicylic acid, sodium ion adsorbent, Tween-80 and water. The improver disclosed by the invention can improve the soil from multiple angles, namely soil structure, microorganism species, a chemical method and the like, obviously promote the release of iron and phosphorus in the soil, improve the soil structure, effectively reduce the content of sodium ions in the soil, reduce the pH value of the soil and restore land to a normal planting state after being used continuously for two years.
Owner:孙东军 +1

Buffered coated nicotine containing products

InactiveUS20080286341A1Rapid sufficient uptakePleasant tasteBiocideNervous disorderBuffering agentAmino acid
Coated oral dosage forms for the delivery of nicotine in any form to a subject by rapid intraoral delivery of nicotine comprising at least one core, nicotine in any form and / or a nicotine mimicking agent, at least one coating layer and optionally at least one or more other additives, wherein said at last one coating layer is buffered, whereby is used at least one amino acid as buffering agent. Also contemplated are a method for the delivery of nicotine in any form, a method for the reduction of the urge to smoke or use tobacco as well as a method for producing said coated product and use of the same for obtaining a rapid intraoral uptake of nicotine.
Owner:ANDERSSON SVEN BORJE +5

Oil and gas well fracturing (frac) water treatment process

This invention relates to a novel process for treating and removing undesirable impurities from oil and gas well fracturing fluid. A method for treating fracturing water comprising: (a) passing contaminated fracturing water containing solids and liquid through a mechanical separator to remove solids from the liquid; (b) treating the fracturing water liquid with an alkaline agent to increase the pH of the liquid to a level of above 9; (c)) adding a coagulant to the fracturing water to form an agglomerate and separating the agglomerate from the fracturing water; (d) reducing the pH of the fracturing water of step (c)) to a level of less than about 5.5; and (e) adding an oxidizing agent to the fracturing water of step (d) to oxidize oxidizable impurities in the fracturing water.
Owner:DAVNOR WATER TREATMENT TECH

Oil recovery method using alkali and alkylaryl sulfonate surfactants derived from broad distribution alpha-olefins

InactiveUS20050199395A1High wax contentEnhance oil recoveryFluid removalDrilling compositionWaxGreek letter alpha
An oil recovery process is disclosed which uses an alkali(s) and a particular class of alkylaryl sulfonate surfactants. The surfactants are derived from an alpha-olefin stream having a broad distribution of even carbon numbers ranging from 12 to 28 or more. The olefin stream is reacted with aromatic feedstock, such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, or a mixture thereof to form alkylates, and then reacted with SO3 to form sulfonic acids. Alternatively, the surfactant can be formed by first reacting an alpha-olefin stream having a broad distribution of carbon numbers ranging from 12 to 28 or more with SO3 to form the olefin sulfonic acid that is subsequently used to alkylate an aromatic feedstock. The use of alkali(s) and broad distribution alpha-olefins sulfonate based surfactant has the improvements of requiring ultra-low surfactant concentrations and providing ultra-low interfacial tensions over a wide range of alkali concentrations with crude oils, especially waxy crude oil, having a broad distribution of carbon numbers.
Owner:BERGER PAUL D +1

Apparatus to establish and optimize sedimentation and methane fermentation in primary wastewater ponds

InactiveUS6923906B2Raise the pHIncreases the rate of die-away of pathogenic bacteriaLiquid degasificationMixing methodsSludgeIncrease ph
A method of disposing waste includes the step of forming a primary waste pond called an Advanced Facultative Pond (AFP). A stable microbiological methane fermentation zone is established within the AFP. The system constitutes a complete primary treatment of organic waste and wastewater that does not require daily sludge handling typically associated with organic waste treatment and disposal. The method of the invention converts organic compounds, including settleable solids, into methane. The invention controls sulfide odors from methane fermentation. The invention also provides a method of filtering raw wastewater through a bed of fermenting organic solids suspended by gas evolved in a fermentation zone. Hydrogen sulfide is oxidized in accordance with the invention. The technique of the invention biologically increases pH near the pond surface, thus retaining hydrogen sulfide in solution in the pond water. The biological increasing of the pH level near the pond surface increases the rate of die-away of pathogenic bacteria. The invention transforms proteins and other organic nitrogen compounds to nitrogen gas. The invention also transforms proteins and other organic nitrogen compounds to nitrogen gas; the invention detoxifies chlorinated hydrocarbons and volatile organic compounds; the invention captures and stores gases evolved from methane fermentation; the invention removes heavy metals, while establishing meromixis in fermentation cells or zones within primary wastewater ponds.
Owner:GREEN FRANKLIN BAILEY +2

Composite foaming agent and preparation method and application thereof

The invention discloses a composite foaming agent, a preparation method thereof and application thereof. The composite foaming agent comprises azodicarbonamide, sodium bicarbonate and an auxiliary foaming agent in a weight ratio of (0.3-0.9):(0.2-0.6):(0.1-0.8). The auxiliary foaming agent is prepared by uniformly stirring attapulgite, zeolite and calcite, soaking the mixture in diluted hydrochloric acid of which the concentration is 0.5 to 6 weight percent, drying the mixture, crushing the dried mixture into powder, blending the powder and powdery white carbon black and uniformly stirring the mixture, wherein the weight ratio of the attapulgite to the zeolite to the calcite to the white carbon black is (0.3-0.8):(0.02-0.6):(0.1-0.8):(0.01-0.8). The composite foaming agent disclosed by the invention has relatively high liquidity and dispersibility, a low decomposition temperature and a long decomposition temperature period.
Owner:常州市英特玛柯橡塑科技有限公司

Low odor binders curable at room temperature

Topically-applied binder materials for imparting wet strength to soft, absorbent paper sheets, such as are useful as household paper towels and the like, include an epoxy-reactive polymer, such as a carboxyl-functional polymer, and an epoxy-functional polymer. These binder materials can be cured at ambient temperature over a period of days and do not impart objectionable odor to final product when wetted.
Owner:KIMBERLY-CLARK WORLDWIDE INC

Methods and formulations for photodynamic therapy

InactiveUS20030093057A1Reducing and eliminating painRaise the pHElectrotherapyMedical devicesPhotodynamic therapyAnesthesia
An apparatus to rapidly deliver a drug to a patient, the invention comprising the method of locating a drug beneath a patient's skin in a drug depot site, placing a heating component near the drug depot site and generating heat in and near the drug depot site. A control component connected to the heating component is used to control the magnitude and duration of heat generated by the heating component.
Owner:NUVO RES

Charcoal-based microbial soil conditioner and preparation method thereof

The invention discloses a charcoal-based microbial soil conditioner. The charcoal-based microbial soil conditioner comprises, by weight, 80-85 parts of charcoal, 10-13 parts of a composite microbial flora and 1-2 parts of an oxidized starch adhesive, and the composite microbial flora comprises photosynthetic bacteria, actinomyces, lactic acid bacteria, microzyme, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the charcoal-based microbial soil conditioner. The combined effect of charcoal and microbes alleviates soil acidification, reduces the unit weight of soil and increases the permeability and the water content of soil; soil organic matter formation is promoted to improve the validity of mineral elements; and the abundance of microbes at the rhizosphere of crops is cultivated to improve the rhizospheric environment of plants in order to make pathogen microbes difficultly grow and breed, so the insect diseases of crops is reduced, and soil heavy metal pollution is alleviated and restored.
Owner:迪斯科科技集团(宜昌)有限公司

Soil conditioner produced from ardealite as well as producing method and using method of soil conditioner

The invention discloses a soil conditioner produced from ardealite as well as a producing method and a using method of the soil conditioner. The soil conditioner contains ardealite, humic acid, ferrous sulfate, urea and sulfuric acid which are mixed and shaped to granules. The soil conditioner is produced from ardealite which is the main raw material and added with a certain amount of nutrient elements and has the characteristics of conditioning the soil structure, adjusting pH of soil, activating the activity of nutrient elements of the soil, supplementing trace elements such as calcium, sulphur, ferrum and zinc in the soil, and the like; and the soil conditioner is suitable to conditioning of saline-alkali soil. The soil conditioner has the advantages of lowering the pH of surface soil, the content of water-soluble Na<+> and exchangeable Na<+> in the soil, the alkalisation degree and the volume weight of the soil, and enhancing the soil infiltration, the utilization rate of fertilizers and the soil productivity. A method for conditioning saline-alkali land, which is effective, economical, practical and consistent with the actual situations, is successfully proposed.
Owner:GANSU WENGFU CHEM

Ecological organic fertilizer

InactiveCN101284741AGood mineralizationReduce the incidence of diseaseOrganic fertilisersChemistryHumic acid
The invention relates to an agriculture used biological organic fertilizer, in particular to a biological organic fertilizer which has effects of curbing salt and improving soil. The invention is characterized in that the fertilizer comprises the following raw materials by weight: humic acid of 10 to 45 percent, organic matters of 10 to 50 percent, plant straw of 10 to 45 percent, medical stone of 10 to 20 percent, oil shale of 10 to 20 percent, bio-fungus of 0.5 to 5 percent, nicotine of 0.5 to 2 percent, sophora flavescens ait of 0.2 to 3 percent, and acetic acid of 0.5 to 5 percent. The invention can effectively improve the soil and promote the growth of plants.
Owner:张仙峰

Thermally modified carbon blacks for various type applications and a process for producing same

An electro thermal fluidized bed furnace is adapted to be used in a process for continuously heat treating of fine particulate matter, such as carbon black material, by continuously introducing a non-reactive fluidizing gas through the nozzles of the furnace at a pre-determined rate, continuously introducing untreated carbon black material through the feed pipe of the furnace at a predetermined rate so that it forms a fluidized bed, energizing the electrode so as to heat the fluidized bed, and continuously collecting the treated carbon black from the discharge pipe. The carbon black collected from the discharge pipe exhibits properties of having the PAHs and sulfur removed, the carbon black has been graphitized, the moisture pick-up by the carbon black has been eliminated and the carbon black is more oxidation resistant, Furthermore, the resultant furnace carbon backs have a particle size of 7-100 nm and an oil absorption number of 50-300 ml / 100 g., while the thermal blacks have a particle size of 200-500 nm and an oil absorption number of less than 50 ml / 100 g. All of these properties result in thermally modified carbon blacks having such properties and of such purity so as to provide improved performance properties in food contact type applications, moisture cured polymer systems, zinc-carbon dry cell battery applications, and semi-conductive wire and cable applications.
Owner:COLUMBIAN CHEM CO +1

Matrix Type Sustained-Release Preparation Containing Basic Drug or Salt Thereof, and Method for Manufacturing the Same

A matrix type sustained-release preparation and a manufacturing method therefor are provided wherein dissolution with low pH dependence of a basic drug or a salt thereof at the early stage of dissolution can be ensured in a dissolution test, and wherein as the dissolution test proceeds, a ratio of a dissolution rate of the basic drug or the salt thereof in an acidic test solution to a dissolution rate of the basic drug or the salt thereof in a neutral test solution (dissolution rate in the acidic test solution / dissolution rate in the neutral test solution) decreases with dissolution time at the late stage of dissolution, as compared to the early stage of dissolution. According to the present invention, the matrix type sustained-release preparation contains a basic drug or a salt thereof and at least one enteric polymer, in which solubility of the basic drug or the salt thereof in a 0.1 N hydrochloric acid solution and a neutral aqueous solution, pH 6.0 is higher than in a basic aqueous solution, pH 8.0.
Owner:EISIA R&D MANAGEMENT CO LTD

Compound conditioner for soil pollution remediation and preparation method thereof

The invention provides a safe and reliable compound conditioner for reducing the heavy-metal mobility and bioavailability of soil or sludge compost and a preparation method thereof. The compound conditioner is a powdery compound prepared by adding heavy-metal auxiliary passivating agent to alkaline agent, wherein, the heavy-metal auxiliary passivating agent includes precipitating agent and absorbing agent; and the compound conditioner comprises the following components by the mixing proportion (weight percentage): 78% to 91% of alkaline agent, 5% to 13% of precipitating agent and 4% to 9% of absorbing agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) drying and pulverizing one, two or more than two substances among soda-manufacturing waste residue, lime and fly ash and sieving by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain an alkaline powdery substance as the alkaline agent; (2) mixing the alkaline agent, the precipitating agent and the absorbing agent by the above mixing proportion; and (3) drying and pulverizing the mixed products and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the powdery compound conditioner. The invention can greatly reduce the environmental risk caused by the prior art and realize the sustainable development of green circular economy, industry and agriculture by recycling the industrial waste at the same time.
Owner:广东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所

Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof

The invention discloses an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-30 parts of green algae, 12-17 parts of humic acid, 7-12 parts of bagasse mortar, 8-12 parts of saw dust, 7-15 parts of vermiculite, 5-10 parts of filtration mud, 5-10 parts of yeast organic waste water concentrated liquid, 5-8 parts of cane slag, 2-5 parts of sugarcane top and 2-5 parts of microbial strain liquid. The amount of the compound fertilizer organic matter is large than or equal to 55 weight parts, the total amount of NPK inorganic matters is large than or equal to 12 weight parts, the amount of the moisture is less than or equal to 25 weight parts, the effective viable count is large than or equal to 2 hundred million / gram, and the pH is 5.0-8.5. The preparation method comprises the following steps: fermenting twice by using microbial strains; adding inorganic porosity vermiculite, evenly mixing, and naturally drying so as to obtain the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer. Biodegradable agricultural and industrial production waste water, waste slag and sugarcane top regeneration organic matters are fully utilized as the raw materials, thereby improving the acidity and basicity of soil, improving the cation exchange capability (CEC) of the soil, improving the utilization of fertilizer, promoting the growth of crop and increasing the yield of the crop. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer has the advantages of good ecological benefits and circular economy benefits and can be used as an additional fertilizer for crops such as sugarcane, watermelon and the like.
Owner:GUANGXI CHONGZUO XIANGGUI SUGAR

Sustained release tooth whitening formulations and systems

A new tooth whitening composition provides sustained release of high levels of whitening agent and is moisture-activated without significant swelling. A preferred system for applying the composition to the teeth is flexible, self-adhesive, and well-tolerated by users. In certain embodiments the tooth whitening composition comprises a mixture of tooth whitening agents, with a first whitening agent selected so as to release peroxide gradually upon contact with moisture and produce an alkaline pH, and a second whitening agent selected so as to release peroxide rapidly upon contact with moisture.
Owner:CORIUM INT +1

Preparation method for polysiloxanes-amidopolyether block copolymer

InactiveCN102199295ABroad encapsulationWide penetration abilityFibre treatmentPolyelectrolyteEmulsion
The invention discloses a preparation method for a polysiloxanes-amidopolyether block copolymer, comprising the steps of preparation of an intermediate of alpha, omega-hydrosiloxane, preparation of an intermediate of alpha, omega-polysiloxanes diepoxide, and preparation of the polysiloxanes-amidopolyether block copolymer. The polysiloxanes-amidopolyether block copolymer provided in the invention enables a textile finishing agent to be stable under condition of high temperature, a polyelectrolyte, a high pH value or a high shear force without breaking emulsion, sticking to a roller or a cylinder and producing oil marks, allows textiles finished to be returned for repairing, and is widely used in fields like chemical fiber, natural fiber and blended products thereof, etc.
Owner:HANGZHOU MEIGAO HUAYI CHEM

Membraneless and mediatorless microbial fuel cell

InactiveUS20050208343A1Raise the pHActivity of microorganisms distributed in the anode compartment is kept constantFuel cell auxillariesActive material electrodesMicrobial fuel cellFuel cells
Disclosed is a mediator-less microbial fuel cell comprising a cathode compartment, an anode compartment, with or without glass wool and glass bead for separating the two compartments, an element for feeding air to the cathode compartment, and an element for feeding wastewater to the anode compartment. The cell further comprises an element for controlling the distance between the cathode compartment and the anode compartment. Graphite felt or graphite felt coated with a metal such as platinum is used as an electrode of the cathode compartment, and a buffer solution is used in the anode compartment. A mediator-less microbial fuel cell according to the present invention can be operated without using an expensive cation-exchange membrane, of which efficiency is by no means inferior to prior wastewater treatment methods.
Owner:REMPUS INC

Insulin formulations for insulin release as a function of tissue glucose levels

Injectable insulin formulations that are capable of modifying the amount of insulin released based on the patient's tissue glucose levels, methods for making and using these formulations are described herein. The formulation may be administered via subcutaneous, intradermal or intramuscular administration. In one preferred embodiment, the formulations are administered via subcutaneous injection. The formulations contain insulin, an oxidizing agent or enzyme and a reducing agent or enzyme, a diluent and optionally one or more thickening agents. If a thickening agent is present in the formulation, the thickening agent increases the viscosity of the formulation following administration. Preferably the formulation contains an insulin, a diluent, glucose oxidase and peroxidase. Following administration to a patient, the insulin is released from the formulations as a function of the patient's tissue glucose level, which in turn maintains the patient's blood glucose level within an optimum range. The formulation is often referred to as a “smart” formulation since it modifies its release rate of insulin according to the patient's needs at a particular time. In a preferred embodiment, the formulation is designed to release insulin into the systemic circulation over time with a basal release profile following injection in a patient. In another embodiment, the formulation is designed to release insulin into the systemic circulation over time with a non-basal release profile following injection in a patient, such as a regular human insulin release profile or a prandial release profile.
Owner:BIODEL

Heavy metal composite passivating agent used for paddy soil and preparation method thereof

The invention discloses a heavy metal composite passivating agent used for paddy soil and a preparation method thereof. The heavy metal composite passivating agent is prepared from three raw materials, namely meerschaum mineral powder, iron and manganese oxides and quicklime, in proportion by the following steps of: A, preparing the meerschaum mineral powder; B preparing the iron and manganese oxides; and C, uniformly mixing the raw materials prepared in the steps A and B with the quicklime to obtain the composite passivating agent. The heavy metal composite passivating agent has a reasonable formula, the method is easy and simple to operate; and the heavy metal composite passivating agent can reduce 70.5 to 95.0 percent of the content of the effective components of meerschaum with heavy metal activity, the iron and manganese oxides (Fe2O3+MnO2), calcium oxide (CaO) and the like in the soil, and also has multiple functions of passivating soil heavy metals, restoring acidified soil and the like, can reduce the contents of active cadmium and lead in the soil of a polluted paddy field by 39.7 to 53.8 percent and 49.9 to 59.1 percent respectively, lower the contents of the cadmium and the lead in agriculture products by 35.1 to 46.9 percent and 35.3 to 53.1 percent respectively, and simultaneously improve the pH value of the soil by 0.22 and 0.43. The heavy metal composite passivating agent is mainly used for paddy production of extensive heavy metal pollution zones, and can also be used for the productions of corns, vegetables and the like planted in paddy fields.
Owner:INST OF SUBTROPICAL AGRI CHINESE ACAD OF SCI

Prepn of sodium alginate/chitosan mixture gel

The present invention relates to preparation process of sodium alginate / chitosan mixture gel capable of being used as biodegradable medicine carrier. The preparation process includes the following steps: 1. forming homogeneous transparent alginate and chitosan solution in 1-5 wt% concentration each with alginate in 5-95 wt% and chitosan in 5-95 wt%, and adding acetic acid; 2. preparing alginate / chitosan mixture sol; 3. dropping the sol into 1.5-3 wt% concentration calcium chloride or sodium sulfate solution; 4. preparing alginate / chitosan-calcium ion-sulfate radical double cross-linked gel grain; and 5. soaking in absolute ethanol for 2-5 min, vacuum drying to obtain alginate / chitosan mixture gel grain of 300-1000 micron grain size. The alginate / chitosan mixture gel grain of the present invention has high pH sensitivity and the preparation process is safe and simple.
Owner:WUHAN UNIV OF TECH

Crystallizer casting powder for high-aluminum steel continuous casting

The invention relates to a crystallizer casting powder for high-aluminum steel continuous casting. The casting powder comprises the following elementary components in percentage by weight: not less than15% but not more than 40% of CaO, not less than 3% but not more than 15% of SiO2, not less than 10% but not more than 20% of Al2O3, not more than 3% of MgO, not more than 3% of Fe2O3, not less than6% but not more than 15% of F, not more than 1.5% of Na2O, not less than 3% but not more than 10% of Li2O, not less than 5% but not more than 20% of BaO, not more than 5% of SrO, not more than 5% o B2O3, not less than 2% but not more than 15% of C, and the balance of impurities. The preparation method of the casting powder comprises the following steps of: calculating and weighing the required raw materials according to ratio ranges of the elementary components, mixing and uniformly smelting the mixture in an ore heating furnace, cooling, crushing, adding required carbon materials, carrying out fine grinding, and finally drying and granulating in a spray granule drying tower. The casting powder has the capability of reducing the reactivity of slag steel so that the performance deterioration of the casting powder caused by the reaction of the slag steel can be slowed, the interfacial tension of the slag steel is improved so as to prevent slag entrainment, excellent casting blank lubricating and heat-transfer controlling characters are ensured, the capability of absorbing Al2O3 inclusions is improved, and a high-aluminum steel casting blank which has excellent surface quality and high quality can be cast.
Owner:CHONGQING UNIV

Water-soluble organic/inorganic compound fertilizer prepared by molasses fermentation liquor and preparation method of fertilizer

The invention provides a water-soluble organic / inorganic compound fertilizer prepared by molasses fermentation liquor. The water-soluble organic / inorganic compound fertilizer is prepared by the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30 to 75% of water-soluble nitrogenous fertilizer, water-soluble phosphatic fertilizer and water-soluble potash fertilizer, 0.5 to 5% of biological bacterium and the balance of 1 molasses fermentation liquor, wherein the molasses fermentation liquor is 45 to 95% molasses fermentation liquor. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pouring the molasses fermentation liquor into a fermenting tank; adding the biological bacterium; fermenting for 30 to 40 hours at 10 to 40 DEG C; removing colloid in the fermentation liquor; inactivating at high temperature; precipitating and then filtering to remove insoluble substance; adding the water-soluble nitrogenous fertilizer, the water-soluble phosphatic fertilizer or the water-soluble potash fertilizer to the fermentation liquor; granulating; and drying to obtain the finished product. The water-soluble organic / inorganic compound fertilizer provided by the invention is convenient to use, higher in nutrient element content, low in cost and remarkable in yield increasing effect.
Owner:湖南豫园(南宁)生物科技有限公司

Copolymers useful as rheology modifiers and home and personal care compositions comprising said copolymers

The present invention relates to aqueous personal care, household care, and / or fabric care compositions comprising the instant copolymers. Also disclosed are methods for the rheological modification of aqueous personal care, household care, and / or fabric care compositions comprising the instant copolymers.
Owner:BASF AG

Concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and their preparation and use

Described is a process of producing a concentrated liquid biocide formulation. Mixed together are (a) bromine chloride or bromine and (b) an aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid having a pH of at least about 7, in amounts such that (i) the active bromine content of the solution is at least about 100,000 ppm (wt / wt), and (ii) the atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine from (a) and (b) is greater than 1 when bromine is used and is greater than 0.93 when bromine chloride is used. Use of bromine chloride as the source of the active bromine in the process is preferred because in the resulting aqueous compositions, all of the bromine of the bromine chloride is made available as active bromine in solution. In other words, the chlorine of the bromine chloride is converted in the process to dissolved alkali metal chloride salt, thereby liberating all of the bromine in the biocidal composition as active bromine capable of providing biocidal activity.
Owner:ALBEMARLE CORP

Peltier unidirectional and selective nerve stimulation

Apparatus is provided including an assembly (22) and a control unit (36). The assembly (22) includes a housing (34) configured to be applied to a nerve (20) of a subject, and at least one cathode (30) and at least one Peltier cooler (32), which are fixed to the housing (34). The control unit (36) is configured to drive the cathode (30) to apply an activating current to the nerve (20) that generates action potentials traveling in first and second directions (38 and 40) in the nerve (20), and the Peltier cooler (32) to cool the nerve (20) sufficiently to block propagation of at least a portion of the cathode-generated action potentials traveling in the second direction (40). Other embodiments are also described.
Owner:RAINBOW MEDICAL LTD
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