The invention provides a novel o-phenanthroline triazole rare earth complex LnL3 and a preparation method thereof. The structural formula of the o-phenanthroline triazole rare earth complex LnL3 is shown in formula 1, wherein R1 is selected from amino, alkyl or aromatic hydrocarbon groups, R2 is selected from amino, alkyl or aromatic hydrocarbon groups, R3 is selected from amino, halogen, alkyl, halogenated alkyl or aromatic hydrocarbon groups, and a central rare earth ion Ln is selected from any one of yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium. The o-phenanthroline triazole rare earth complex LnL3 disclosed by the invention takes an o-phenanthroline triazole trident compound as a single ligand, and satisfies the ligand saturation, and a situation that a charge balance is electrically neutral is realized between triazole groups in the complex as anions and central rare earth metal cations. The rare earth complex disclosed by the invention is high in thermal stability, and is suitable for device preparation implemented by using an evaporation film-forming process or a solution film-forming process. The preparation method is high in yield, good in product purity, short in reaction time and simple in operation, and the cost is greatly reduced.