The invention discloses a new method for deeply dewatering sludge through bio-leaching process rapid conditioning. The method comprises the steps of firstly performing bio-leaching conditioning on sludge, namely, directly pumping concentrated liquid sludge of a sewage treatment plant into a bio-leaching reactor which contains special composite microbial community, performing treatment for 1.5-2 days, changing bound water in the sludge into free water which can be removed relatively easily by virtue of the microbial substitution effect, biological oxidation effect and biological acidification effect, dissolving out heavy metals from the sludge at the same time, entering an aqueous phase, killing pathogens in the sludge, then collecting the sludge subjected to bio-leaching in a homogeneous pool, directly transporting to a common-pressure diaphragm chamber type filter press by virtue of a pump, and dewatering, wherein the moisture content of dewatered sludge cake is less than 60%, and no flocculant like PAM (polyacrylamide) is added during the preparation process. The method disclosed by the invention is performed under normal temperature and pressure, and has low cost; the dewatered sludge cake is low in moisture content, odorless, and yellowish-brown in color; and the organic matters, calorific values and nutrients of the dewatered sludge can not be reduced, thus facilitating the subsequent resource utilization.