54 results about "CO2 - Carbon dioxide" patented technology

Carbon dioxide is used as a reaction solvent in the hydrogenation of organic compounds. The carbon dioxide is preferably a liquid or a supercritical fluid. The hydrogenation method can be used advantageously in methods for making tetrahydroiso-alpha-acids from alpha-acids, iso-alpha-acids, or beta-acids. If beta-acids are used to make tetrahydroiso-alpha-acids, an acidic lower alcohol is preferably added to the carbon dioxide reaction medium to act as a promoter.

Carbon dioxide is purified through the use of catalytic oxidation. Carbon dioxide is exposed to at least one catalyst, oxidizing at least a portion of the nonvolatile organic residues to form purified carbon dioxide that is directed to an application. Carbon dioxide that is in a near-critical, critical, or supercritical phase can be exposed to the catalyst.

A fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell assembly, a carbon-dioxide-removal unit, an anode exhaust conduit connecting the fuel cell assembly and the carbon-dioxide-removal unit, a fuel source, an oxygen source, a fuel conduit connecting, at least in part, the fuel source with the fuel cell assembly, and a recycle conduit connecting the carbon-dioxide-removal unit with at least one of the fuel cell assembly, the fuel conduit and the fuel source. The fuel cell assembly includes at least one fuel cell, each fuel cell including an anode and a cathode. The carbon-dioxide-removal unit removes carbon dioxide that is in a gas phase. The carbon-dioxide-removal unit includes a carbon-dioxide-removing material. The fuel source and the oxygen source are each independently in fluid communication with the fuel cell assembly. The fuel conduit and the recycle conduit are optionally merged into a single recycle-fuel conduit that extends to the fuel cell assembly. The recycle conduit and / or the recycle-fuel conduit directs essentially all gaseous fluid from the carbon-dioxide-removal unit to the fuel cell assembly.

A method for cyclic utilization of rejected biomass includes such steps as decomposing in a multi-class fermenting pool, gas-solid-liquid separation, desulfurizing the marsh gas containing H2 and methane, feeding the marsh gas in the fuel battery with anionic exchange membrane, generating CO2 at negative electrode, using the separated liquid for soilless culture of plants, using said fuel battery to power the artificial light source, and using the residual dregs as the crop culturing matrix or organic fertilizer.

The invention discloses a method for comprehensively recovering metallic cobalt, ruthenium and aluminum from a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis dead catalyst Co-Ru / Al2O3, and the method can be used for effectively separating and comprehensively recovering valuable metallic cobalt, ruthenium and aluminum from the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis dead catalyst Co-Ru / Al2O3. The method comprises the steps of: firstly carrying out hydrocarbon removal and reductive treatment on the dead catalyst; effectively separating cobalt slag in an alkali fusion step; and carrying out acid leaching on the cobalt slag, oxalate or oxalate deposited cobalt, reducing cobalt oxalate, dissolving the metallic cobalt via nitric acid and the like to obtain Co(NO3)2.6H2O. Ruthenate is obtained by the steps of alkali fusion and deionized water leaching; and steps of ethanol reduction, concentrated hydrochloric acid dissolution, reduced pressure distillation and the like are carried out on the ruthenate to obtain a beta-RuCl1.xH2O product which is high in purity. By using a CO2 carbon dioxide decomposition method, the parameters such as reaction temperature, CO2 flow velocity, pH value of reaction destination and the like are controlled and aluminum hydroxide is prepared from meta-aluminate solution; high-temperature calcination is carried out to obtain aluminum oxide; and the product quality meets the quality requirement of first-level aluminum oxide of national standard and the process is economic and environment-friendly. According to the invention, the metallic recovery rate is high, wherein the recovery rate of cobalt is greater than or equal to 97%, the recovery rate of ruthenium is greater than or equal to 95% and the recovery rate of aluminum is greater than or equal to 92%.

The invention discloses a method for preparing ginkgo leaf extract powder by drying supercritical fluid and a device thereof. The method comprises the following steps: placing alcoholic solution of ginkgo leaf extract without impurity into a sealed dry chamber cylinder body, and then introducing carbon dioxide into the solution at a flow speed of 20 to 45 liters per hour, wherein temperature of the carbon dioxide is between 0 and 5 DEG C; controlling pressure of the dry chamber cylinder body at 10 to 30MPa and temperature of between 35 and 75 DEG C; and after the carbon dioxide becomes stable supercritical fluid, continuously displacing and drying the fluid for 4 to 8 hours to finally obtain light-yellow dry finished powder of the ginkgo leaf extract. The device comprises a carbon dioxide steel bottle, a gas-liquid separation container, a gas cooling unit, a transition container, a carbon dioxide transfer pump, a heater, the dry chamber cylinder body, a first-stage separation cylinder body, a second-stage separation cylinder body, valves and pipelines, and the components are mutually connected through the valves and the pipelines. The content of flavone in obtained power is more than 25 weight percent, the alcoholic solution in the extract can be reclaimed, and the carbon dioxide can also be recycled.

A p reparation method of a porous polymerized ionic liquid used for capture / absorption of CO2 belongs to the technical field of polymerized ionic liquids. In the invention, an ionic liquid monomer, of which the cations have amino groups, is polymerized to form the polymerized ionic liquid, wherein CO2 is fed into a polymerizing reactor during the polymerization process so that the CO2 is combined with the amino groups. The polymerized ionic liquid then is used for removing the CO2 at a high temperature and under a low pressure, wherein a large quantity of pores are formed during the CO2 removal process, thereby preparing the polymerized ionic liquid which has large specific surface area and large pore volume. Meanwhile, the amino groups are exposed out of the surface of the polymerized ionic liquid again, so that the porous polymerized ionic liquid can be used for adsorbing the CO2.

Method and apparatus for steam reforming a sulfur-containing hydrocarbon fuel, such as a diesel hydrocarbon fuel. The apparatus includes a desulphurization unit, a pre-reformer, and a steam reforming unit. A carbon dioxide fixing material is present in the steam reforming catalyst bed to fix carbon dioxide that is produced by the reforming reaction. The carbon dioxide fixing material is an alkaline earth oxide, a doped alkaline earth oxide or a mixture thereof. The fixing of carbon dioxide within the steam reforming catalyst bed creates an equilibrium shift in the steam reforming reaction to produce more hydrogen and less carbon monoxide. Carbon dioxide fixed in the catalyst bed can be released by heating the carbon dioxide fixing material or catalyst bed to a temperature in excess of the steam reforming temperature. Fuel processors having multiple catalyst beds and methods and apparatus for generating electricity utilizing such fuel processors in conjunction with a fuel cell are also disclosed.

A method for the production of syngas from methanol feedstock is disclosed. The methanol feed (110) is supplied to a partial oxidation reactor (112) with oxygen (114) and optionally steam (116) to yield a mixed stream (118) of hydrogen carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide (122) is separated out and the hydrogen and carbon monoxide mixture (124) is fed to a cold box (126) where it is separated into hydrogen-rich and carbon monoxide-rich streams (130, 128). The separated carbon dioxide (122) can be recycled back to the partial oxidation reactor (112) as a temperature moderator if desired. The carbon monoxide-rich stream (128) can be reacted with methanol (134) in an acetic acid synthesis unit (132) by a conventional process to produce acetic acid (136) or an acetic acid precursor. Optionally, an ammonia synthesis unit (144) and / or vinyl acetate monomer synthesis unit (156) can be integrated into the plant.

The invention relates to a three-stage three-section membrane separation system and method for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas. Raw material flue gas is pretreated by a water washing tower to remove impurities, and enters a first-stage first-stage membrane separator after being compressed and humidified; the intercepted gas of the first-stage first-stage membrane separator is humidified and then enters a second-stage membrane separator, the intercepted gas of the second-stage membrane separator is continuously humidified and enters a third-stage membrane separator, and the intercepted gasof the third-stage membrane separator is directly emptied; the permeated gas of the second-stage membrane separator and the third-stage membrane separator are returned to an inlet of the first-stagefirst-stage membrane separator; the permeated gas of the first-stage first-stage membrane separator enters a second-stage membrane separator after being compressed and humidified, and the permeated gas of the second-stage membrane separator enters a third-stage membrane separator after being compressed and humidified; the trapped gas of the second-stage membrane separator returns to the inlet of the first-stage first-stage membrane separator, and the trapped gas of the third-stage membrane separator returns to the inlet of the second-stage membrane separator; the permeation gas of the third-stage membrane separator is carbon dioxide. The purity of carbon dioxide is greater than 95%, and the capture rate of carbon dioxide is greater than 70%.

The invention provides a preparation method of interconnected layered porous carbon material for a supercapacitor. The eggshell acts as the template, the agar acts as the carbon source and the polyvinylpyrrolidone acts as the nitrogen source. Firstly the eggshell and the agar are uniformly mixed in the polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution of certain concentration. Then the heat of the obtained mixture is preserved for 1-3h under the temperature of 800-1000 DEG C in the inert atmosphere and then acid pickling, washing and drying are performed so that the interconnected layered porous carbon material is obtained. The eggshell membrane of the eggshell is removed, the main component is calcium carbonate and the eggshell has a porous structure. The eggshell decomposes under certain temperatureto produce carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide activates the carbon material to form a large number of micropores in the carbon material and connect large pores and mesopores so as to form the interconnected layered porous carbon material. When the carbon material is used as the electrode material of the supercapacitor, the carbon material has excellent electrochemical cyclic stability.

The invention discloses a preparation method for a porous polymeric ionic liquid for carbon dioxide adsorption, and belongs to the technical field of polymeric ionic liquids. The preparation method comprises the following steps: by taking an alkali polymerizable ionic liquid which takes negative ions as hydroxy radicals (OH-) as a polymeric monomer, introducing carbon dioxide into a polymerization reactor in the polymerization process, enabling the carbon dioxide to be combined with the hydroxy radicals, performing low-temperature vacuum freezing on the obtained polymeric ionic liquid, removing the carbon dioxide by using a sublimation method under the condition of being lower than the freezing point of the carbon dioxide, and forming a great amount of pores in the polymeric ionic liquid in the sublimation process of the carbon dioxide, thereby preparing an alkali polymeric ionic liquid with a relatively large specific surface area and a pore volume. As the hydroxy radicals are re-exposed on the surface of the polymeric ionic liquid, the prepared porous polymeric ionic liquid has the property of adsorbing carbon dioxide.

The invention relates to a starch foaming material and a preparation method thereof. The starch foaming material comprises the following components by weight: 70-90 parts of a starch base material; 0.5 to 10 parts of a plasticizer; 0.5 to 5 parts of a nucleating agent; 0.5-5 parts of a foaming agent; 10 to 15 parts of a gelatinizing agent; wherein the foaming agent is any one of citric acid and sodium carbonate; the gelatinizing agent is water. The starch foaming material adopts the citric acid or sodium carbonate as the foaming agent and adopts the water as the gelatinizing agent, the research and development thought of taking water as a foaming system in the traditional technology is changed, a foaming agent-water composite foaming system is adopted, citric acid can release carbon dioxide at a high temperature, sodium carbonate can react with water to generate sodium bicarbonate, carbon dioxide is released after heating, generation of the carbon dioxide enables the starch foaming material to generate uniformly distributed pores from inside to outside, the finally obtained starch foaming material has high foaming rate and uniform pores, the buffering performance of the starch foaming material is improved, and the requirement of the buffering packaging material is met.

Some variations provide a system for producing a functionalized powder, comprising: an agitated pressure vessel; first particles and second particles contained within the agitated pressure vessel; a fluid contained within the agitated pressure vessel; an exhaust line for releasing the fluid from the agitated pressure vessel; and a means for recovering a functionalized powder containing the second particles disposed onto surfaces of the first particles. A preferred fluid is carbon dioxide in liquefied or supercritical form. The carbon dioxide may be initially loaded into the pressure vessel as solid carbon dioxide. The pressure vessel may be batch or continuous and is operated under reaction conditions to functionalize the first particles with the second particles, thereby producing a functionalized powder, such as nanofunctionalized metal particles in which nanoparticles act as grain refiners for a component ultimately produced from the nanofunctionalized metal particles. Methods for making the functionalized powder are also disclosed.

The invention discloses a rapid detection device for inorganic carbon and the form thereof. The rapid detection device comprises a solution degasifying device, a heating device, a mixing acidifying device, a carbon dioxide separating device and a carbon dioxide detecting device, wherein the solution degasifying device is used for removing dissolved gas from a sample solution and an acid solution on line; the heating device is used for heating the sample solution on line to transform bicarbonate radicals in the sample solution into carbon dioxide and carbonate; the mixing and acidifying device is used for transforming carbonate and bicarbonate radicals in the sample solution into carbon dioxide; the carbon dioxide separating device is used for separating carbon dioxide generated in each device out of the aqueous solution; the carbon dioxide detecting device is used for detecting separated carbon dioxide. The online degasifying machine and the online heating device are used at the same time, so that a blank value is lowered remarkably, the detection limit is lowered, and the content of dissolved carbon dioxide, bicarbonate radicals and carbonate in the sample can be detected at the same time. The device can be widely applied to the fields of foods, water quality, chemical industry, agriculture and the like.

Carpeting, upholstery, drapery and other textile fibers are cleaned by applying to the fibers an aqueous, chemically carbonated cleaning solution prepared by mixing a carbonate salt and a low soluble acid with hot water, such that the low soluble acid delayedly reacts with the carbonate salt to produce carbon dioxide before being applied to the textile fibers. The delayed production of carbon dioxide helps prevent the loss of carbon dioxide before the carbon dioxide is lost. The hot water increases cleaning capability of the cleaning solution.

The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a fire-resistant silica gel material and a preparation method thereof. Sodium bicarbonate and gelatin are combined, aluminum sulfate is dissolved in an outer agar layer, and a multi-layer structural body is prepared; further, when the exterior of the functional silk yarn formed by coating is heated, the functional fiber inner layer is dissolved first along with the transfer of the temperature; then, gelatin is mixed with sodium bicarbonate and calcium hydroxide, and agar is slowly dissolved along with continuous rising of the temperature; in the slow dissolution process of the agar, an aluminum sulfate solution and a sodium bicarbonate solution in an agar layer are subjected to a double hydrolysis reaction, and a large amount of carbon dioxide is released; the carbon dioxide enables internal calcium hydroxide to be condensed into calcium carbonate, the calcium carbonate is adsorbed on the surfaces of the fibers, then the hardness of the fibers is enhanced, a framework supporting effect is achieved; meanwhile, impact of the carbon dioxide has a hindering effect on combustion of flames, and therefore, the prepared silica gel material has good flame retardance and fire resistance.

The invention discloses a clean process for continuously synthesizing glycine. The process comprises the following steps: preheating a carbon dioxide ammonia water solution prepared from an ammonia source, a carbon source and water, mixing the preheated solution with glycolonitrile, performing continuous synthesis, reduced pressure flash evaporation, continuous hydrolysis, gas stripping, concentrating, cooling and crystallizing, centrifuging for the first time, carrying out hot-melting recrystallization, centrifuging for the second time and drying to obtain a glycine product. Part of carbon dioxide generated by hydrolysis in the hydrolysis reaction process is continuously separated; and a carbon dioxide and ammonia recovery system sequentially absorbs the gas phase obtained by gas stripping, hydrolysis separation and reduced pressure flash separation to obtain a carbon dioxide ammonia water solution, and the carbon dioxide ammonia water solution is recycled to the reaction system. According to the process, the yield of glycine is increased by restraining iminodiacetonitrile side reaction; through timely release of each gas phase in the system and reasonable arrangement of the recovery sequence, the difficulty of recycling carbon dioxide and ammonia in the system is reduced, the loss of carbon dioxide and ammonia is reduced, the hydrolysis one-way conversion rate is improved, the hydrolysis time is greatly shortened, and the process is an environment-friendly and clean process for producing glycine.

The invention discloses a steel ball dislocation preventing device for a steel ball sliding rail. The steel ball dislocation preventing device comprises a guide rail, a sliding block is slidably connected to the outer portion of the guide rail, electric air cylinders are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the interior of the sliding block, and the output ends of the two electric air cylinders are fixedly connected with push rods. Whether a sliding block inclines left and right or not is detected through cooperation of a roller and a swing rod, the automatic monitoring function of equipment is improved, meanwhile, after a rotating plate inclines through a top cap, baking soda particles are discharged, the baking soda particles and an aqueous solution in a reaction tank generate carbon dioxide, and after an electric feeler lever makes contact with an electric contact, the electric air cylinder is powered on to drive the push plate to enable the sliding block to return, the dislocation phenomenon of the sliding block in the operation process is prevented, abrasion of the sliding block is reduced, the use efficiency of equipment is improved, the precision of the equipment in the use process is guaranteed, the product quality is guaranteed, and economic benefits generated by equipment use are improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of foam production, in particular to a polyurethane foam composition. According to the polyurethane foam composition, water in premixed polyether polyol reacts with isocyanate to generate carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide is not an ozone depleting substance (ODS), the ozone depleting potential (ODP) is zero, an atmospheric ozone layer cannot be destroyed, no VOC is generated, a catalyst enables isocyanate and polyether to form a polymer, a foaming agent accelerates foaming, and then the hole forming property of the polyurethane foam composition is achieved; when the polyurethane foam composition is used at high temperature, a ballooning phenomenon cannot occur, and then the high temperature resistance is achieved. The polyurethane foam composition has the advantages that the hole forming property is enough, therefore, the density is low, and the dimensional stability of the composition is improved; the high temperature resistance is achieved, and the dimensional stability is good.

The invention discloses a compound fertilizer for quickly culturing golden camellia. The compound fertilizer is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 15% of ammonium hydrogencarbonate, 20% of potassium chloride, 5% of copper sulfate, 18% of a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 12% of potassium sulfate, 10% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 12% of urea and 8% of zincselenide. The compound fertilizer has the beneficial effects that the compound fertilizer for quickly culturing golden camellia takes ammonium hydrogen carbonate as a nitrogen fertilizer, so that thecompound fertilizer is suitable for various soil, and can provide ammonium state nitrogen and carbon dioxide needed by growth of crops; the adopted potassium chloride is prepared by the following steps: crushing and ball-milling sand crystal salt; adding a 1% octadecylamine floating agent while stirring; and meanwhile, adding 2% cellulose for flotation and then carrying out centrifugal separation. The adopted copper sulfate is grey powder, the aqueous solution is faintly acidic, and reacts with ammonium hydrogen carbonate to generate ammonium chloride, water and carbon dioxide, carbon dioxidecan promote plant photosynthesis to increase the output of the golden camellia and the generated ammonium chloride can be used as a fertilizer again.

The invention relates to the technical filed of foam production, in particular to polyurethane and a preparation process thereof. In the preparation process, the water of combined polyether reacts with isocyanate to produce carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide is not an ozone-depleting substance (ODS), and a catalyst promotes the isocyanate and polyether to form a polymer, so that the pore forming performance of the polyurethane is formed, the polyurethane does not produce a bulge phenomenon after being subjected to high temperature, and high temperature resistant performance is formed. The polyurethane has the enough pore-forming performance, the density of the polyurethane can be lower, and accordingly the dimensional stability of the polyurethane is improved. The polyurethane is resistant to high temperature and has good dimensional stability. When the preparation process does not adopt CFCs and HCFCs foaming agents, no ODS or ODP is used for the raw materials and is not used in the production process, an ozone layer in the atmosphere is not damaged, the environment is effectively protected, and the polyurethane meets the limiting value requirements of revised directive 2011 / 65 / EU appendix II of EU RoHS directives 2008 / 95 / E, does not contain cadmium, lead, mercury, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and other harmful substances and is an environmentally-friendly product.

The present invention is directed towards an apparatus for providing a nonlabor-intensive process for sealing an opening formed in the ground with a chemically-inflatable bag. The chemically-inflatable bag contains two or more chemical reactants, one of which is a liquid reactant that is initially stored in a liquid-containing device. The liquid-containing device has a removable cap, which upon removal or breakage of the cap permits the liquid reacting agent to contact and react with another reacting agent. The chemical reaction produces carbon dioxide, which expands the chemically-inflatable bag from a collapsed condition to an inflated condition. In the inflated condition, the chemically-inflatable bag fills and protects the integrity of the formed cavity.

The invention is applicable to the technical field of combustible ice mining, and provides a combustible ice mining method which comprises the following steps: dividing blocks, exploring geological conditions, defining a mining range and dividing the mining range into a plurality of operation areas, wherein each operation area ensures that collapse does not occur in the mining process; pipeline laying: a gas production pipeline, a gas transmission pipeline, gas production branch pipes and a gas transmission main pipe are laid in the operation area, and the gas production branch pipes and the gas transmission branch pipes are arranged at intervals; mining operation: the combustible ice is decomposed in a pressure reducing and / or temperature increasing mode, and decomposed methane gas is conveyed to a storage device; repairing operation: injecting carbon dioxide into the operation area at high pressure by a gas transmission device and diffusing the carbon dioxide in the operation area togenerate carbon dioxide hydrate; and circulating operation: mining operation and repairing operation of all the operation areas are completed in sequence. According to the combustible ice mining method, the combustible ice mining efficiency is improved, and efficient carbon sequestration is realized to repair a geological layer.

The invention relates to the technical field of fire extinguishers, and discloses an automatic induction fire extinguishing device used in a power distribution cabinet. The automatic induction fire extinguishing device comprises a pin body sliding groove, and a push pressing shaft is fixedly installed above the pin body sliding groove; a trigger is fixedly installed above the push pressing shaft, and arranged in a storage bag; reactants are fixedly filled in the storage bag, and a sliding threaded rod is rotatably mounted above a standby battery; and an integrated sensor is fixedly mounted above a machine body. According to the automatic induction fire extinguishing device used in the power distribution cabinet, a sliding push shaft is continuously moved upwards to drive the push pressing shaft to upwards slide, and the trigger is extruded through the push pressing shaft; an explosion device in the trigger explodes, and therefore catalysts in the explosion device react with the reactants in the storage bag; thus, a large amount of carbon dioxides are generated, and the power distribution cabinet is rapidly filled with the carbon dioxides; and therefore, the effects of extinguishing fire in time and reducing the loss are achieved.

The invention discloses a coffee high-temperature processing pre-fermentation device. The coffee high-temperature processing pre-fermentation device is characterized by comprising an outer barrel wall, a discharging port, a control part, a feeding port sealing door, a water inlet, an exhaust fan, an exhaust pipe, a support, an inner barrel wall, a motor, a stirring rod, a spraying head, a microprocessor chip, a microcomputer timer, a storage, a PH measuring instrument, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a carbon dioxide measuring instrument. The device can automatically monitor and adjust the temperature and humidity and can also monitor the PH value of coffee beans in the fermentation process in real time so that the fermentation process and quality can be controlled in real time; due to the fact that carbon dioxide can be generated in the coffee fermentation process, fermentation can be affected by excessive carbon dioxide, and explosion hidden danger can be caused when a large amount of carbon dioxide is gathered in a tank, a carbon dioxide concentration detection device is designed for the device; and when the carbon dioxide is excessive, the carbon dioxide can be discharged.