799 results about "Total organic carbon" patented technology

There are provided: a method for producing a toner containing to granulate a toner and to subjecting the granulated toner to at least washing with an alkali washing solution, in which the total organic carbon amount extractable from the alkali-washed toner is 200 ppm / g or less; a toner comprising polyester in which the total organic carbon amount extractable from the toner is 200 ppm / g or less, under the condition that the toner is subjected to washing with the alkali washing solution before extracting; and an image-forming method using such a toner.

A technology for recovering water resources and salt from coking wastewater in the coal chemical industry comprises the following steps: the wastewater is subjected to defluorination chemical treatment and subjected to sodium carbonate softening and precipitating treatment simultaneously, an advanced oxidation process is used for TOC (total organic carbon) degradation, a multi-medium and activated carbon filter is used for filtering separation, ultrafiltration is performed, nanofiltration membrane separation is performed, calcium and magnesium ions are separated, the calcium and magnesium ions in water produced through nanofiltration are lower than 2 mg / L, CaF2 crystallization scaling is hard to form, and nanofiltration passing liquid and nanofiltration strong brine are obtained; the nanofiltration passing liquid and the nanofiltration strong brine are treated respectively. Fluoride ions, hardness and organic carbon in the wastewater are removed, separation of multivalent salt and monovalent salt as well as concentration and evaporative crystallization of the salt is realized, more than 98% of the water resources is recovered, more than 95% of the salt resources are recovered, secondary hazardous waste is not produced, the system operation cost is reduced, and the problem about resource recovery and the environmental problem are solved finally.

A zero liquid discharge (ZLD) power plant (20) includes an advanced oxidation system (72) for reducing contaminants in source water (70) to form feed water (40) for a boiler (24). The system (72) includes an ozonation module (86) for applying high concentration ozone to the source water (70) to form a mixed stream (104), an ozone reactor (92) in which the mixed stream is retained (104) under pressure, an ultraviolet reactor (98) downstream from the ozone reactor (92) for enhanced contaminant reduction, and a retention tank (103) downstream from the reactor (98). In one configuration, the source water (70) is evaporator distillate from an evaporator (52) that recycles cooling tower blowdown 30. The system (72) achieves organic contaminant reduction at total organic carbon (TOC) levels of less than three hundred parts per billion.

Method for predicting physical properties of a source rock formation wherein an inclusion-based (103) mathematical rock physics model (101) is constructed that treats organic matter as solid inclusions, solid background, or both, and relates anisotropic elastic and electric properties of source rock to in-situ rock and fluid properties (102). The model is calibrated with well log data and may be used to forward model calculate effective anisotropic elastic (104.1) and electrical (104.2) properties of the source rock formation, or by inversion (441-442) of sonic and resistivity log data to calculate total organic carbon (423) in terms of a difference (421) between elastic and electrical properties of the source rock.

The invention discloses a shale organic porosity detection method, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum, geology and mining exploration and development. The shale organic porosity detection method comprises the steps of calculating chemical kinetic parameters of petroleum formation from kerogen, gas formation from kerogen and gas formation from crude oil pyrolysis by utilizing a chemical kinetic method based on the thermal simulation experiment of a shale sample and a crude oil sample with representativeness, and determining the conversion rate of the petroleum formation from kerogen, gas formation from kerogen and gas formation from crude oil pyrolysis of shale at the study layer section by combining with the burial history and thermal history of a target layer; recovering the original hydrogen index and the original organic carbon of shale of the target layer by utilizing residual hydrogen index and data of residual organic carbon of shale of the target layer and combining with the conversion rate of the petroleum formation from kerogen, gas formation from kerogen and gas formation from crude oil pyrolysis; analyzing the organic pore compressibility of shale by utilizing a Ar ion polishing thin sheet of a shale sample of the target layer; calculating the organic porosity of the shale sample of the target layer section. The shale organic porosity detection method has the effects that the organic porosity of the reservoir of shale can be calculated, and the shale organic porosity detection method is high in calculation accuracy, and is easy to operate.

The invention provides a detector for detecting total organic carbon (TOC) in sewage, mainly comprising a sample pool capable of being transmitted by ultraviolet rays, a UV optical splitter and a data processor of the organic carbon. The detector is characterized in that UV can emit 240-450nm of UV beams, and a neon lamp is used as a UV light source; the optical splitter is a UV reflective blazed grating, and the light strength of the light beams at each wavelength is detected by a linear array UV CCD (Charged Coupled Device); and the TOC value is determined according to the relationship between the absorbance at the feature wavelength and the TOC content. As known from the scheme, the detector has low cost and good stability and is capable of fully realizing automation and accurately measuring the TOC value so as to comprehensively reflect the pollution degree of the organic matter in the water. Thus, the detector has important help and realistic significance for monitoring and measuring the sewage discharge and the water pollution on the ground surface.

The invention discloses a shale gas reservoir compressibility evaluation method based on weight distribution. The shale gas reservoir compressibility evaluation method preferably chooses a compressibility evaluation parameter according to factors of a geological sweet heart and an engineering sweet heart. Starting from an angle of evaluating a shale reservoir gas-bearing property and an easy alterationability potential, the shale gas reservoir compressibility evaluation method integrates a mineral ingredient content and mesomechanics parameters to calculate engineering sweet heart parameters through standardizing geological sweet heart parameters, and constructs a compressibility evaluation model which can perform continuous determination on the reservoir; a geological sweet hear compressibility evaluation index, an engineering sweet heart compressibility evaluation index and a comprehensive compressibility evaluation index can be calculated only through obtaining a shale reservoir total organic carbon content, a vitrinite reflectivity and a mineral constituent content, and thus shale gas reservoir compressibility evaluation is realized. The shale gas reservoir compressibility evaluation method can accurately divide an effective fractured layer segment and a shielding layer segment, and guides fracture design and construction.

A system and process for treating ballast water within an ocean going vessel by generating hypochlorite for treating the ballast water. The system comprises one or more hypochlorite electrolytic cells in fluid communication with ballast water. The total organic carbon content of the ballast water is ascertained and the amount of hypochlorite generated is modulated in response to the total organic carbon content of the ballast water. In one embodiment the system comprises a total organic carbon analyzer for measuring total organic carbon content. In one embodiment of the process of the invention, hypochlorite production is modulated so that the residual halogen-containing oxidizing agent is maintained in the ballast water. In another embodiment of the process, hypochlorite production is modulated to maintain a weight ratio of hypochlorite to total organic carbon in the ballast water ranging from about 1.0 to about 3.0.

The invention provides a method for determining the content of organic carbon in hydrocarbon source rock. The method comprises the following steps: S1. experimentally measuring the content of organic carbon of a hydrocarbon source rock core; S2. acquiring the log values of uranium content, resistivity, compensated sonic time difference and compensated density in logging curves at rock core depths; S3. calculating delta lgR according to the log values of S2; S4. establishing the correspondence relation between the content value of organic carbon and the delta IgR as well as uranium log value according to the results of S1 to S3, and fitting into a function; S5. according to the fitted function, determining the content of organic carbon of hydrocarbon source rock at all positions of a log. The invention provides a device embodiment for determining the content of organic carbon in hydrocarbon source rock. According to the method and the device for determining the content of organic carbon in hydrocarbon source rock, the content of organic carbon is determined based on combination of uranium logging curves and delta lgR, the accuracy of the calculation results is high, and the method and the device have obviously practically application effects in the calculation on the content of organic carbon in the hydrocarbon source rock.

An empirical method of measuring water saturation in hydrocarbon bearing formations is described. The system described herein accurately calculates water saturation, formation volume, total organic carbon, and other formation parameters under a variety of formation conditions.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an immobilized microorganism embedding microsphere for restoring a riverbed bottom mud ecosystem. The preparation method comprises the steps of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) gel preparation, cross-linking agent preparation and microsphere preparation, wherein the PVA gel preparation comprises the steps of preparing a PVA solution with a concentration of 8-10%, adding embedding agents to the PVA solution, namely sodium alginate with a concentration of 0.5-2%, calcium carbonate with a concentration of 0.2-0.5%, silicon dioxide with a concentration of 2.0-4.0%, and 300-500 mesh attapulgite powder or 300-500 mesh activated carbon powder with a concentration of 0.5-1.0%, and adding activated limon microorganism bacterium liquid with a concentration of 10-15%; and the microsphere preparation comprises the steps of dropwise adding PVA gel to a calcium chloride saturated boric acid solution, stirring, obtaining immobilized microorganism activated spherular particles with the particle size of 3-5mm, conducting immobilized crosslinking for 24-36h at 4-8 DEG C, taking out, and washing with normal saline. Compared with the prior art, the microsphere can remove total organic carbon and total nitrogen in riverbed bottom mud effectively, and can improve COD (chemical oxygen demand), ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen pollution conditions of an overlying water body of the bottom mud, and the preparation method is an ecological riverway management scheme which is efficient, low-consumption and simple to operate, and has a development prospect.

A low value of Th / U ratio as determined from natural gamma radiation is indicative of deepwater sedimentation. This, together with estimates of total organic carbon from pulsed neutron measurements, is used to characterize source rocks. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understand that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.

Disclosed is a water quality analyzer, which comprises a total organic carbon (TOC) measurement section for converting a carbon component in an aqueous sample to carbon dioxide and measuring an amount of the carbon dioxide, a conductivity measurement section for measuring a conductivity of an aqueous sample, a gas aeration mechanism for passing a degassing gas devoid of carbon dioxide gas through an aqueous sample to perform a degassing treatment of expelling carbon dioxide gas in the aqueous sample, and a control section for controlling respective operations of TOC measurement and conductivity measurement. The control section is operable, just before measuring a conductivity of a specific aqueous sample during the conductivity measurement for the specific aqueous sample, to controllably instruct the gas aeration mechanism to pass the degassing gas through the specific aqueous sample so as to perform the degassing treatment.

The invention discloses a novel three-dimensional electrode device for treating wastewater difficult in biologically degrading. The novel three-dimensional electrode device comprises electrochemical catalysis oxidization cathode electrode plates and electrochemical catalysis oxidization anode electrode plates, which are alternated in a reactor, and also comprises a micropore aeration plate arranged at the bottom of the reactor and an iron-carbon micro-electrolysis filler of a three-dimensional electrode, wherein wastewater enters the device and then sequentially enters through holes of all stages of electrode plates and then flows out, and aeration of small bubbles is carried out through micropores in the micropore aeration plate at the bottom of the reactor. According to the novel three-dimensional electrode device, main harmful pollution sources in pesticide wastewater, printing and dyeing wastewater and pharmaceutical wastewater can be efficiently degraded and removed through catalytic oxidization, and the wastewater difficult in biologically degrading is completely degraded or harmless or degradable wastewater with low-grade organic matters is generated. The novel three-dimensional electrode device has the advantages of high operation efficiency, easiness in installation and small occupation area, can ensure that COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), TOC (Total Organic Carbon) and chroma removing rate of the wastewater difficult in biologically degrading is high due to the adoption of singe-class effluent, can be used for completely degrading toxic pollutants in the wastewater, and is stable in effluent quality.

The invention discloses a method for recovering organic effluent brine. The method comprises the following steps: introducing organic effluent brine containing inorganic salts and organic matter into a prefiltration system, an evaporation crystallization system and a dry-method high temperature oxidation reaction system, after filtration, evaporation, and oxidation treatment, allowing the obtained inorganic salt product to be dissolved to become saturated brine, wherein the total organic carbon TOC is less than 10 ppm. With the method of the invention, more than 90% of water and inorganic salts can be recovered, and the zero discharge standard for waste water is basically reached; the recovery rate for the recycling of organic effluent brine is effectively increased; and great benefits are generated for environment protection and resource recovery; additionally, the obtained inorganic salt product can be used as an industrial raw material for recycling in ionic membrane electrolytic devices.

The invention discloses a total organic carbon online analyzer for water, which mainly comprises an injection pump, a multi-ported valve, an oxygen diffusion pipe, a combustion furnace, a platinum catalyst, a condenser and a carbon dioxide gas detector (NDIR). The invention also relates to a method for analyzing the total organic carbon in the water by using the total organic carbon online analyzer for water. The total organic carbon online analyzer and the method can detect 0-2,000ppm water samples, and have the advantages of simple working principle, stability, reliability, low reagent consumption, no secondary pollution, simple and easy use, and wide application prospect in the water quality environment monitoring industry.

The invention discloses an evaluation method of soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in ecological forest, which belongs to the field of environmental monitor technology and low carbon economy and technology in forestry ecology. In the preparation method, the attribute data of the soil landscape type are obtained and subject to characteristic analysis to acquire the landscape pattern information. Soil typical sections are excavated and layered, and soil samples are collected and pre-treated. SOC information of the above soil samples is determined by potassium bichromate volumetric method and SOC estimation model is established thereby. Quantitative estimation of the SOC storage is carried out and multivariate data of the ecological forest are obtained. Temporal and spatial features and change law of soil organic carbon are analyzed. Characteristics and regularities of ecological effect of the ecological forest with carbon as the core are reflected by the method of the invention. The method also reflects the change law and objective characteristics of ecological forests comprehensively and systematically, thereby guiding the objective practice of CO2 emission reduction and the eco-economic development.

The invention discloses an ultraviolet photoelectric microsensor device used for monitoring water quality on line, which comprises an ultraviolet light source, an ultraviolet detector, a data acquisition and transmission module, a bracket and a seal cover. A water flow sample to be monitored is placed between the ultraviolet light source and the ultraviolet detector, wherein the ultraviolet light source and the ultraviolet detector are fixed on the bracket, two ends of the ultraviolet light source are connected with a power supply through a lead, and two ends of the ultraviolet detector are connected with the data acquisition and transmission module through a lead. The ultraviolet photoelectric microsenser device is characterized in that the ultraviolet light source, the ultraviolet detector and the stand are encapsulated in the seal cover, the ultraviolet detector comprises a GaN based Schottky type ultraviolet detector, and a response window of the ultraviolet detector corresponds to the center wavelength of an LED; and the ultraviolet light source consists of 3-7 ultraviolet LEDs with the wavelength covering a region ranging from 200nm to 400nm. The device has small volume and low power consumption, can timely and accurately monitor the change conditions of environmental pollution indexes (such as TOC (Total Organic Carbon), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and the like), and has wide application prospect.

A method for estimating a property of an earth formation, the method includes: conveying a carrier through a borehole penetrating the earth formation; performing a measurement of total organic carbon (TOC) within a region of investigation in the earth formation using a logging tool disposed at the carrier; and correlating the measured TOC to the property to estimate the property.

The invention provides a multivariate well logging computing method for the total organic carbon and the hydrocarbon generating potential of hydrocarbon source rocks in salt-lake facies. The method comprises the steps of conducting standardization and normalization on logging curves of different wells, conducting core proper-horizon restoration on hydrocarbon source rock total organic carbon data measured through experiments, classifying the hydrocarbon source rocks in the salt-lake facies, reading logging curve data, obtained after core proper-horizon restoration correction, of total organic carbon experimental points, conducting R-type hierarchical clustering analysis on the logging data and the total organic carbon of the rocks, establishing logging evaluation models of the TOC according to different lithological characters, and conducting computing to obtain TOC data so as to work out rock pyrolysis data. The multivariate well logging computing method for the total organic carbon and the hydrocarbon generating potential of the hydrocarbon source rocks in the salt-lake facies can be used for evaluating the mass and the hydrocarbon generating potential of the hydrocarbon source rocks, of special lithological characters, in the salt-lake facies, and the method can be applied to provide a great number of evaluation data for hydrocarbon source rock evaluation and oil and gas resource quantity evaluation.

A method and apparatus for the measurement of total organic carbon content in an aqueous stream is disclosed. Absorbance of electromagnetic energy by the aqueous stream is measured in an optical sample cell with pulsed light at a wavelength of 190 nm±10 nm. A value of total organic carbon from the measured absorbance is calculated without absorbance or fluorescence measurement at any other wavelength.

The invention discloses a method and a device for determining the content of organic carbon in hydrocarbon source rock on the basis of multiple well logging parameters. The method includes 1), acquiring content values of the organic carbon in rock core samples of the hydrocarbon source rock and well logging values of natural gamma, resistivity, acoustic wave time difference, compensation neutrons and density in well logging curves at corresponding depths; 2), establishing corresponding relations between the content of the organic carbon and the obtained well logging values according to the obtained content values of the organic carbon and the obtained well logging values and obtaining functions by means of fitting; 3), determining the content of the organic carbon of the hydrocarbon source rock at the different depths according to the obtained functions. The method and the device for determining the content of the organic carbon of the hydrocarbon source rock on the basis of the multiple well logging parameters have the advantages that response of the various well logging values of the natural gamma, the resistivity, the acoustic wave time difference, the compensation neutrons and the density to the content of the organic carbon in the hydrocarbon source rock are integrated with one another, and the fitting functions are established, so that the content of the organic carbon can be computed, computation values of the content of the organic carbon are longitudinally continuous, computation results and measured values of the organic carbon are excellent in goodness of fit, and the method and the device are high in computational accuracy.

The invention discloses a processing method for resource recovery of acidic dye waste water. The method comprises the following steps: adding the acidic dye waste water subjected to filtration and impurity removal into a reactor and evenly stirring; oxidizing dissoluble organic matters in the dye waste water by using an oxidant or a mixture of the oxidant and a catalyst, and removing the corresponding components through generating suspended matters; carrying out absorption and separation process of a absorbent so that the decoloration rate of a water sample is up to 25-60%, and the total organic carbon-removing rate reaches 30-85%; and reusing the treated waste water serving as a reaction solvent in the dye production technology process and then obtaining the qualified product. The processing method for the resource recovery of the dye waste water has the advantages of high oxidization efficiency, cheap catalysis price and the like, and is simple to operate; and by using the processing method, the average utilization of the waste water is improved, the resource recycle of the dye waste water with a high-acid value and high chemical oxygen demand (COD) is achieved, so that greening is achieved in the whole dye production technology process, and the industrial application prospect is wide.

In order to reduce a total organic carbon (TOC) in ultrapure water to a level less than 1 ppb, several cycles of ozone contact / UV irradiation treatments are carried out in sequence. Preferably, the first cycle further includes an ion exchange treatment which is applied to the resulting UV irradiation water.

The invention relates to a novel graphene-Ti electrode printing and dyeing wastewater treatment electrochemical reactor. The reactor comprises a reactor body, a pump, a power supply, a Ti electrode, a graphene membrane electrode and a support; the reactor body is provided with a hollow structure; the support is arranged in the reactor body; the Ti electrode is a Ti plate and is arranged at the top end of the reactor body; the graphene membrane electrode is arranged on the support; a positive electrode of the power supply is electrically connected with the graphene membrane electrode, while a negative electrode of the power supply is connected with the Ti electrode; the reactor body is also provided with a reactor inlet and a reactor outlet; the reactor inlet is formed between the Ti electrode and the graphene membrane electrode; the reactor outlet is formed between the graphene membrane electrode and the bottom end of the reactor body; and the pump is connected with the reactor inlet.According to the novel graphene-Ti electrode printing and dyeing wastewater treatment electrochemical reactor, the printing and dyeing wastewater is treated through the electrode manufactured by the graphene membrane, so that the printing and dyeing wastewater can be treated by absorbing, and the electrolytic treatment can be realized; the removal efficiency of the total organic carbon content ishigh; and the power supply is low in voltage, so that less power is consumed.

Disclosed herein is a formation evaluation method including estimating a total porosity of an earth formation as a function of bulk density and total nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) porosity of the earth formation. The total porosity of the earth formation as estimated underrepresents bitumen content. A gas filled porosity of the earth formation is estimated as a function of the bulk density and the total NMR porosity. A kerogen volume of the earth formation is estimated as a function of the gas filled porosity and a total organic carbon content of the earth formation. A bitumen filled total porosity is determined as a function of the estimated kerogen volume and the estimated total porosity of the earth formation. A corrected kerogen volume of the earth formation is determined as a function of the estimated kerogen volume and the estimated total porosity of the earth formation.

The invention provides a method for forecasting a TOC (Total Organic Carbon) content of a shale reservoir stratum. The method comprises the following steps: fitting a single well TOC content curve on the basis of a single well TOC content calculating equation; calculating a single well elastic parameter curve; establishing a relevance equation between the TOC content and the elastic parameter according to a crossing condition of the single well TOC content curve and the single well elastic parameter curve; inverting the elastic parameter on the basis of a three-dimensional earthquake pre-stack channel gathering elastic parameter inverting method; converting the inverted elastic parameter into TOC content data according to the relevance equation between the TOC content and the elastic parameter; applying the TOC content data and forecasting the TOC content horizontal distribution along a target layer of the shale reservoir stratum. According to the invention, the logging information, VSP logging achievement and three-dimensional earthquake data are comprehensively applied for quantitatively forecasting the TOC content horizontal distribution, so that the horizontal distribution of the TOC content in the shale reservoir stratum can be accurately evaluated. The method has the advantages of complete analysis, higher forecasting accuracy, lower cost, and the like.

The invention discloses a flotation decarburization and direct and reverse flotation process for silicon-calcium mixed collophanite containing organic carbon. The mass percentage of the organic carbon in the silicon-calcium mixed collophanite ranges from 1% to 10%. The flotation process includes sequentially performing flotation decarburization, direct flotation desiliconization and reverse flotation magnesium removal. A flotation decarburization technology includes adding water into the silicon-calcium mixed collophanite containing the organic carbon and crushing and grinding the silicon-calcium mixed collophanite containing the organic carbon to obtain ore pulp with the mass concentration ranging from 20% to 40%; adding collecting agents and foaming agents into the ore pulp and mixing the ore pulp, the collecting agents and the foaming agents with one another; stirring and regulating the pulp and performing flotation on the ore pulp by the aid of a flotation machine to obtain foam products which are tailings containing carbon; implementing a direct flotation desiliconization technology on products in tanks; then sequentially implementing direct and reverse flotation on the products. The flotation decarburization and direct and reverse flotation process has the advantages that organic carbon gangue can be eliminated by means of flotation implemented by the aid of the anionic fatty acid collecting agents and the diethyl phthalate foaming agents, accordingly the content of the organic carbon in the ore pulp can be reduced, consumption of the collecting agents can be decreased, the high quantity of direct flotation foam can be reduced, and the flotation selectivity can be improved.

The invention provides a method for detecting the total organic carbon content and brittleness space distribution of a shale reservoir and relates to the technical field of petroleum geological exploration. The method comprises the following steps of building a reservoir mineral rock physical model; determining range and brittleness extreme values of correlated elastic parameters or elastic parameter assemblies of the total organic carbon content and the brittleness of the shale reservoir; acquiring the correlated elastic parameters or the elastic parameter assemblies of the total organic carbon content and the brittleness of the shale reservoir; performing horizon interpretation on the correlated elastic parameters or the elastic parameter assemblies obtained by the AVA inversion of seismic data volume according to the range and brittleness extreme values of the correlated elastic parameters or the elastic parameter assemblies, determining a gas-containing shale reservoir area and a brittleness area, and acquiring top to bottom interface data of the gas-containing shale reservoir area and the brittleness area; determining the gas-containing shale reservoir thickness distribution and the brittleness area body thickness distribution of the shale reservoir according to the top to bottom interface data of the gas-containing shale reservoir area and the brittleness area. According to the method, the problem of lacking of a parameter reference for the total organic carbon content and brittleness space distribution in shale gas exploration can be solved.

The invention provides a quantitative evaluation method for hydrocarbon generation quantity, hydrocarbon expulsion quantity and hydrocarbon retention quantity of source rock. The quantitative evaluation method comprises the following steps that TOC (Total Organic Carbon) of a source rock sample of a research region target layer is acquired; thermal simulation experiments are performed on the source rock sample of the research region target layer; the thermal simulation experiments are a set of semi-opened system simulation experiments of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion with different preset temperatures; the preset temperatures are temperature rising end points of the simulation experiments of the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion; a first parameter at different preset temperature is acquired according to the result of each semi-opened system simulation experiment of the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion; a first model and a second model are built according to the TOC of the source rock sample and the first parameter; the hydrocarbon generation quantity, the hydrocarbon expulsion quantity and the hydrocarbon retention quantity of the source rock are quantitatively evaluated by means of combining the first model and the second model.