69 results about "Landscape pattern" patented technology

The invention discloses an evaluation method of soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in ecological forest, which belongs to the field of environmental monitor technology and low carbon economy and technology in forestry ecology. In the preparation method, the attribute data of the soil landscape type are obtained and subject to characteristic analysis to acquire the landscape pattern information. Soil typical sections are excavated and layered, and soil samples are collected and pre-treated. SOC information of the above soil samples is determined by potassium bichromate volumetric method and SOC estimation model is established thereby. Quantitative estimation of the SOC storage is carried out and multivariate data of the ecological forest are obtained. Temporal and spatial features and change law of soil organic carbon are analyzed. Characteristics and regularities of ecological effect of the ecological forest with carbon as the core are reflected by the method of the invention. The method also reflects the change law and objective characteristics of ecological forests comprehensively and systematically, thereby guiding the objective practice of CO2 emission reduction and the eco-economic development.

The invention discloses a method for regulating and controlling a pattern of a protective forest system. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, acquiring land utilization landscape characteristics of a river basin in each period, and analyzing the evolution characteristics of the land utilization pattern of the river basin; 2, analyzing the driving factors of the change of the landscape type of the river basin and the main driving power of the change of the land utilization of the river basin by a principal component analysis method; 3, analyzing and comparing the condition of the ecological service function of the river basin in each period in the aspects of water source conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, nutrient substance accumulation, atmospheric environment purification and biodiversity protection; and 4, performing dynamic simulation by using a gray linear planning method and a Clue-s model to acquire the landscape optimized configuration scheme of the river basin. By processing satellite images in different time sequences, the relation between the change of a landscape pattern and natural, social and economic activities is uncovered, a driving mechanism which influences the evolution of the landscape pattern is analyzed, and the method for regulating and controlling the pattern of the protective forest system on the basis of landscape ecology is constructed.

The invention provides a GIS technology-based method for comprehensively evaluating regional ecological sensitivity aiming at the problem that more sensitive factors and spatial analysis are related existing in the conventional methods for evaluating the regional ecological sensitivity. The method comprises the three steps of: firstly, determining the type of possible ecological environment problems in the research region, and determining an ecological sensitive point; secondly, establishing an ecological sensitivity evaluation index system; and finally, after the ecological sensitivity evaluation standard is determined and the ecological sensitivity is graded, performing spatial summation of a environmental impact factor graph by a direct superposition method or weighted superposition method and the like based on the GIS technology so as to obtain a graded graph of the ecological environment sensitivity in the research region. The evaluation method is widely applied in various plans of ecological cities, such as a green land system, a landscape pattern, a natural ecological system, protection of biodiversity and an ecological preservation area. The method has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, high precision and wide application range.

The invention provides a loess slope ecological protection method. The loess slope ecological protection method comprises steps as follow. Shallow consolidation of the slope face of the loess slope is performed with waterborne polyurethane. Nets are fixedly arranged on the slope face after the shallow consolidation. Vegetation growing base materials are sprayed on the slope faces after processed by the former step. A seed layer is sprayed on the slope surface sprayed with vegetation growing base materials. Due to the fact that waterborne polyurethane resin is sprayed on the slope face, the loess slope ecological protection method effectively solves the phenomenon that the slope face is loose, and the efflorescence is serious, and the integrated stability of the slope face is enhanced. Due to the fact that intercepting drains are excavated, good anti-leakage and anti-scour effect is achieved. The loess slope has good elasticity and strength, and phenomenon that the slurry masonry intercepting drains are freezing and thawing by low temperature, subside unevenly and break due to factors like runoff washing and the like. The loess slope ecological protection method reconstructs vegetation of the slope and improves road landscape patterns through the green technology of the vegetation base material spraying.

The invention discloses a city group ecological space damage identification and evaluation method. The method includes: analyzing and identifying important landscape space patterns such as city groupecological source land and ecological galleries; on the basis, overlapping an urban group landscape pattern comprehensive index and an ecological service function conversion equivalent evaluation result brought by land utilization change to obtain urban group ecosystem damage space distribution; furthermore, combining on-site investigation and classification combing to summarize the typical ecological damage space type of the urban group, and carrying out cause analysis and damage state evaluation.

The invention discloses a characterization method of natural surface features. The method comprises natural terrain estimation, natural landform estimation, natural ground cover estimation, natural geographical condition comprehensive estimation and natural surface pattern feature characterization. According to the method, natural surface elements in regional geographical condition elements and the influence of the natural surface elements on activities of region production, life and ecological environment are evaluated through a comprehensive evaluation model. Meanwhile, a series of indexes, including patch density and diversity index and facing natural ground surface element space pattern feature characterization, are designed through a landscape pattern analysis method. The method overcomes deficiencies that when the existing regional natural surface feature computation and characterization technology is used for regional natural surface feature characterization, comprehensive evaluation models are absent, regional natural surface space features cannot be characterized, and the like. The technical scheme serves geographical condition statistic analysis work to be about to be developed within the national scale, meanwhile is the technical basis of geographical condition-oriented space-time data mining.

The invention provides a landscape ecological efficiency evaluation method for urban greenbelt planning. The method comprises the steps of collecting and preprocessing basic data; calculating a landscape pattern optimization index of urban greenbelt planning; calculating an ecological process optimization index of urban greenbelt planning; calculating a landscape ecological efficiency comprehensive optimization index of urban green space planning; and quantitatively evaluating the comprehensive optimization effect of the urban greenbelt planning landscape ecological efficiency. The quantitative evaluation method is provided for demonstration and selection of the urban greenbelt planning scheme, and scientificity and effectiveness of the urban greenbelt planning scheme are improved.

On the basic of theories such as landscape ecology and ecological service functions, methods such as a landscape pattern analytical method, an ecosystem service evaluation method and a landscape ecological function network simulation method are adopted, through determining technology of corridor and node positions, a heat island control pattern, a water resource protecting and flood detection pattern and a geological disaster safety protection pattern are overlaid, a critical area (such as an existing large-scale ecological plaque) and a critical node (such as an existing ecological plaque which needs to be reformed or newly built) in an ecological security pattern are judged, a critical position which needs to be ecologically built or adjusted and a sequence are obtained, the degree of importance of critical points can be calculated through plaque important indexes, integration and model optimization of technology of construction of the urban-rural integration ecological security pattern are carried out, and an ecosystem service and urban-rural spatial arrangement are linked.

The invention relates to a modularized vertical greening device and a manufacturing method of the modularized vertical greening device. The modularized vertical greening device comprises a seepage proofing wall and vertical greening module units, wherein the vertical greening module units are installed on the seepage proofing wall through seepage proofing geomembranes. The vertical greening module units are fixed to the seepage proofing geomembranes, the edges or a part of the seepage proofing geomembranes are installed on the seepage proofing wall through plates, and the vertical greening module units comprise a plurality of sets of plant growth bags and plants which are placed in the plant growth bags through non-woven bags. The modularized vertical greening device does not cause any damage to a building wall and is easy to construct, selected materials are environmentally friendly, various landscape patterns can be laid by selecting different types of the plants, and therefore the ecological living environment is effectively improved, and city greening space is expanded.

The invention is applicable to the field of environmental technology and provides a mudflat ecology restoration method and device. The method comprises the steps that a remote sensing image of a mudflat is acquired, and spatial distribution of mudflat landscape pattern constitution elements is extracted according to the remote sensing image; the mudflat landscape pattern constitution elements include at least one of an ecological source region, an ecological corridor and ecological nodes; a mudflat landscape pattern model is established, and the mudflat landscape pattern model is verified according to spatial distribution information of the mudflat landscape pattern constitution elements to obtain impact factors impacting a mudflat landscape pattern; an evaluation index set for evaluating a mudflat ecotope environment is established according to the impact factors, wherein the evaluation index set comprises at least two groups of evaluation indexes and weights in one-to-one correspondence; and a corresponding manual intervention restoration model is established according to the evaluation index set and a mudflat type, and mudflat ecology is treated according to the manual intervention restoration model. Through the method, the overall landscape pattern of the mudflat region can be fully considered, and the comprehensive remediation effect on the whole mudflat is improved.

The present invention proposes a method and a system for quantitatively associating a landscape pattern with an ecosystem service function. The method comprises: classifying the land cover type of a target area; and according to the to-be-evaluated ecosystem service function in the target area, evaluating spatial distribution results of the matter amount corresponding to the ecosystem service function in the target area; creating a grid layer of the target area; determining a landscape pattern feature value corresponding to each grid cell in the layer and a matter amount value corresponding tothe ecosystem service function, wherein the landscape pattern feature value is the ratio of the area occupied by the composition of the land cover type to the area occupied by each composition in thegrid cell, and the matter amount value is the average value of the spatial distribution results of the matter amount within the grid cell; and according to the landscape pattern feature value corresponding to each grid cell and the matter amount value, analyzing the quantitative relationship between the landscape pattern and the ecosystem service function. According to the method and system provided by the present invention, the quantitative association between the landscape patterns of different ecosystems and the ecosystem service functions can be effectively and accurately revealed.

The invention discloses a remote sensing image data-based watershed multi-scale landscape pattern and water quality index relationship research method. The method includes the following steps that: 1)multi-spectral remote sensing images and high-resolution remote sensing images are utilized, and image spectra features are fused, and watershed landscape source and sink pattern information is extracted; 2) on the basis of digital elevation model data (DEM) and land use classification data, an improved landscape space load comparison index is calculated after minimum hydrological response unitsare obtained through division; 3) the Spearman correlation coefficient of an landscape pattern index and a water quality index is calculated, a comprehensive and low-redundancy landscape pattern indexsystem and water quality index system are constructed; and 4) a relation between the landscape pattern index and the water quality index is researched under a plurality of spatial and temporal scalesthrough using a multivariate analysis and canonical correspondence analysis method. According to the remote sensing image data-based watershed multi-scale landscape pattern and water quality index relationship research method of the invention, the landscape index is improved, the influence of the spatial and temporal scales on a relationship between a landscape pattern and non-point source pollution is considered in subsequent analysis, and therefore, an analysis result has a better ecological effect, and a problem that the optimal research scale of a traditional analysis method is uncertainin researching the relationship between the landscape pattern and non-point source pollution can be solved.

The invention discloses a rural land utilization overall planning ecological risk evaluation method based on a landscape pattern. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, selecting and determining an evaluation object; step 2, dividing evaluation units; step 3, making a spatial distribution thematic map; step 4, ecological condition analysis of evaluation grid units, including landscape fractal dimension evaluation, landscape diversity evaluation, landscape fragmentation degree evaluation and landscape separation degree evaluation; step 5, an ecological risk evaluation method; and step 6, comprehensive evaluation of regional ecological risks. Overall planning of rural land utilization is taken as an object, quantitative expression between landscape pattern indexes and ecological risks is constructed, and measurement and determination of regional ecological risks are realized through quantitative data, so that a scientific basis is provided for ecological risk prevention and control of planning.

The invention relates to a farming landscape space structure loss evaluation method, and belongs to the field of land survey and evaluation. The farming landscape space structure loss evaluation method includes the steps: (1) utilizing geographic information system software for converting vector land use data of each time phase into raster data; (2) extracting farmland decrease landscape information of an evaluated region in each time period; (3) converting the raster data into vector data, and extracting an information layer of farmland decrease; (4) generating a minimum bounding box from newly decreased farming landscape patches; (5) computing landscape loss indexes of newly decreased farmland; (6) drawing a broken line graph of the LLIs (landscape loss indexes) in each time period, making statistics on peak values of high proportion according to patch number of LLI peak value intervals in the broken line graphs of the LLIs, and using the peak values as LLI threshold dividing criteria for dividing farming landscape space structure loss types and farming landscape space structure loss distribution maps. By the method, landscape structure change rules and relation between landscape decrease spatial mode and landscape pattern can be obtained, and changing processes of the landscape pattern in two or more time phases can be described.

The invention provides a method and system for landscape pattern optimization construction. The method includes constructing the initial landscape pattern of a target area; obtaining the meteorological data, the site data and/or the physiological and ecological data of the target area, and carrying out the initial model simulation of the ecological process of the target area according to the acquired data; carrying out the actual measurement of the designated ecological data, and optimizing the parameters of the initial model simulation according to the actually measured data; performing the secondary simulation on the ecological process of the target area according to the optimized model simulation parameters, and performing the spatial interpolate on the designated ecological data obtained by simulation to obtain the surface distribution data of each designated ecological data; extracting the point data of the designated position from the surface distribution data, and constructing the ecological process model of the target area according to the actually measured data of the point data and the corresponding position; and optimizing the initial landscape pattern according to the ecological process model. The method and system optimize the landscape pattern in terms of the ecological process and then construct the regional optimal landscape pattern.

The invention discloses an intelligent combined plane demonstration system with patters about geographic physiognomy and building form and structure, including the 2D or 3D humanistic landscape patterns, such as mountains, rivers and lakes, forests and plains, scenic spots and historic sites, roads and bridges, etc. on a base and its characteristic: it also includes a frame system, a light-emitting system, a light- and temperature- control system, a water circulating system, a weather forecasting system, a voice system and an intelligent control system connected with these systems and including a computer.