4732results about "Rice cultivation" patented technology

The present invention is in the field of plant biochemistry and genetics. More specifically the invention relates to nucleic acid molecules from plant cells, in particular, genomic DNA sequences from rice plants and nucleic acid molecules that contain markers, in particular, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and repetitive element markers. In addition, the present invention provides nucleic acid molecules having regulatory elements or encoding proteins or fragments thereof. The invention also relates to proteins and fragments of proteins so encoded and antibodies capable of binding the proteins. The invention also relates to methods of using the nucleic acid molecules, markers, repetitive elements and fragments of repetitive elements, regulatory elements, proteins and fragments of proteins, and antibodies, for example for genome mapping, gene identification and analysis, plant breeding, preparation of constructs for use in plant gene expression, and transgenic plants.

The objective of the present invention is to confer pest resistance to plants of Poaceae without using any chemically synthesized pesticides. The pest resistance can be conferred to plants of Poaceae by isolating from a natural plant an endophytic bacterium capable of expressing pest resistance, artificially culturing the endophytic bacterium, and introducing the bacteria to a Poaceae plant of interest.

The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation of agricultural crops and provides a pollution-free high-yield rice cultivating method. The pollution-free high-yield rice cultivating method includes selecting a production base accordant with pollution-free rice production standards and selecting novel high-quality high-yield anti-disease variety; selecting drought seedlings and strong seedlings of the right age, fertilizing a soil bed and cultivating the seedlings dryly; slinging the seedlings without tillage and for multiple tillers; fertilizing pollution-free rice according to the principle of taking base fertilizer as the principal and topdressing as complement, and simultaneously, interplanting glutinous rice; comprehensively preventing and controlling disease and pests, and timely harvesting in sunny days when the ripeness degree of the rice is up to 85-90%; and storing and processing the harvested rice and processing by-products of the harvested rice. The rice produced by the pollution-free high-yield rice cultivating method is high in quality and yield, safe and pollution-free, low in planting cost and simple in management method and has higher popularization and application value.

The invention discloses a method for planting se-enriched rice. The method comprises the following steps of land selection and preparation; seeding; seedling culturing; transplanting; field management: intertillage, weeding, topdressing and insect pest prevention; and harvesting. The selenium content of rice planted by using the method is high, and the yield of the rice is also high. Testing confirms that the yield of the se-enriched rice is 620-650kg per acre, and the selenium content of the rice ranges from 0.1 mg / kg to 0.3mg / kg.

The invention relates to a method for comprehensively raising various types of aquatic livestock and cultivating paddy in a paddy field, in particular to the raising of Chinese soft-shelled turtles, crawfish and carassius auratus gibelio in the paddy field and the cultivation of paddy. The method comprises the steps of paddy field preparation, aquatic plant transplantation, live food feeding, paddy transplantation, young aquatic livestock placement, bait feeding, daily management, aquatic livestock fishing and paddy harvest. The method for comprehensively raising various types of aquatic livestock and cultivating paddy in the paddy field has the advantages that the various types of aquatic livestock can be raised and paddy can be cultivated in the same field comprehensively, the difference between the period for paddy cultivation and the period for raising aquatic livestock is small, the use rate and the comprehensive efficiency of the field can be effectively improved, and economic benefit can be improved to a large extent; meanwhile, any chemical fertilizer, herbicide and insecticide are not used in the process of production, the produced products can meet the standard of organic food, and finally, edible safety of the products is achieved; the whole process of production is beneficial to conservation of water and soil of the field and the surrounding environment and effectively facilitates the protection of natural ecology.

The present invention relates to a method for controlling heavy metal cadmium content in the rice, belonging to the field of paddy rice planting technology. It is characterized by that in the course of land preparation before rice field seedling transplantation the ferrochelate can be applied into the soil, and said ferrochelate and the soil are uniformly mixed; and in the spike formation stage and filling stage of rice the ferrochelate also can be respectively applied in the rice field. Said method can make cadmium content in the rice be less than 0.2mg / kg.

A method for estimating the aboveground biomass of rice based on multi-spectral images of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), including: normatively collecting UAV multi-spectral image data of rice canopy and ground measured biomass data; after collection, preprocessing images, extracting reflectivity and texture feature parameters, calculating a vegetation index, and constructing a new texture index; and by stepwise multiple regression analysis, integrating the vegetation index and the texture index to estimate rice biomass, and establishing a multivariate linear model for estimating biomass. A new estimation model is verified for accuracy by a cross-validation method. The method has high estimation accuracy and less requirements on input data, and is suitable for the whole growth period of rice. Estimating rice biomass by integrating UAV spectrum and texture information is proposed for the first time, and can be widely used for monitoring crop growth by UAV remote sensing.

The invention discloses a method for controlling the accumulation of heavy metal cadmium in rice, and belongs to the technical field of rice planting. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) before the land preparation for seedling transplanting, applying a divalent manganese chelate in soil and uniformly mixing the divalent manganese chelate and the soil; (2) during a period from 15 to 20 days after seedling transplanting to 35 to 45 days after the seedling transplanting, spraying aqueous solution of a divalent manganese fertilizer once every other 7 to 10 days; (3) spreading the divalent manganese chelate in the early booting stage and the grouting stage of the rice respectively; (4) irrigating the paddy land within 3 to 5 days after the soil application of the divalent manganese chelate; (5) from the earing period of the rice to the ripening period of the rice, spraying the aqueous solution of the divalent manganese fertilizer once every other 7 to 10 days; and (6) after the soil application of the divalent manganese chelate, applying the divalent manganese chelate in the same way each year, but with an application rate which is reduced by half or three quarters. The method adopts soil application and leaf surface spraying application of the divalent manganese fertilizer and is more effective. The method is wider in application range, more economic and effective and is capable of improving the mineral nutrient element content of the rice and overcoming the adverse effects of the prior art.

The selenium-rich rice cultivating process includes conventional cultivation and features that the selenium-rich agent is sprayed once during the earing up and flowering period of rice. The selenium-rich agent comprising selenium-containing inorganic compound and phosphate is dissolved in water of 50-90 times and sprayed to leaf of rice during the earing up and flowering period of rice. In case of rainy day after spraying, replenished selenium-rich agent is sprayed timely. The sprayed inorganic selenium will be converted completely into natural organic selenium, and the produced selenium-rich rice is non-toxic, and has the health functions of preventing common cold, preventing and treating hypertension and myocardial pathological changes, etc.

The invention discloses a standardized cultivation method of super double cropping rice. Currently, the super double cropping rice is cultivated still according to a traditional method for cultivating ordinary rice, yield is not stable, the quality is not high, and grain safety and income increasing of farmers are seriously affected. The standardized cultivation method includes the technical measures of selection of varieties, selection of environment of producing area, robust seedlings cultivation, field cultivation and management, integrated control over plant diseases and insect pests and the like, and systematized standardized cultivation technology integration research of the super double cropping rice is carried out. According to a test result after 56 thousand of hm2 is popularized and applied, the yield of 667 m<2> reaches 456.67 kg / 667 m<2> averagely, the yield increase range reaches 42.57 kg / 667m<2> averagely, the rate of growth reaches 10.27% averagely, the increased income of every 667 m<2> reaches 100.58 RMB / 667 m<2> averagely, the cost for using chemical pesticide to control diseases, pests and the like is lowered, and the cost is saved by 6.5-7.2 RMB / 667 m<2>. According to the technical standard, the production of the super rice is indexed and scientized, the technical operability is high, the application effect is good, the standardized cultivation method is deeply popular by mass farmers, and the gained economic benefit, social benefits and ecological benefits are remarkable.

The invention relates to a method for planting pollution-free rice rich in selenium by adopting biotechnology, belonging to a planting method of plants; the planting method comprises the steps of land selection, soil preparation, application of the soil activator Medina, variety selection and seed treatment, seedling strengthening by means of dry raising and spaced planting cultivation, timely rice transplanting and reasonable compact planting, adequate fertilization, scientific irrigation, adoption of selenium supplementing and transforming technology, comprehensive prevention and control of diseases and pests, harvesting and threshing, drying and storing. The method of the invention has obvious effect; proved by field production trials, the application of the biologics of the Medina can increase the plant yield by 20 percent to 40 percent and decrease the fertilizer dosage by 25 percent to 50 percent and improve the rate of emergence in saline and alkali waste lands by 40 percent to 80 percent; the method can overcome diseases of continuous cropping effectively, eliminate soil crusting and optimizing greenhouses, etc. so as to preserve the soil properties of land capability.

The invention discloses a mechanically-mulching cultivation method of organic rice, relating to a rice cultivation method. The purpose of the method provided by the invention is to solve the weeding problem in paddy fields in the existing cultivation method of organic rice. The method comprises the steps of 1, selecting field environment, namely (1) selecting soil, (2) selecting air quality and (3) selecting a water source; 2, performing soil preparation in the field, namely (1) ploughing, (2) fertilizing and (3) digging canals and harrowing; 3, preparing seedbed and bed soil, namely (1) preparing seeding environment, (2) preparing seedbed and (3) preparing bed soil; 4, germination treatment of seeds, namely (1) drying seeds, (2) performing plasma treatment, (3) soaking seeds and (4) accelerating germination; 5, sowing; 6, managing seedlings, namely (1) performing insect prevention treatment, (2) managing temperature, (3) managing water, and (4) fertilizing; 7, mulching, transplantingseedlings and managing the field, namely (1) making a bed and mulching, (2) transplanting, (3) irrigating, (4) dressing foliar fertilizer, (5) managing water layers in the field, (6) weeding and (7) preventing insects. The method is mainly used for cultivating organic rice by mechanical mulching.

The nutritious rice with rich organic selenium and zinc is produced through diluting organic selenium and zinc chelating agent solution containing selenium in 3.56-7.12 g / kg and zinc in 45.30-67-94 g / kg in the amount of 200 g / mu with water in 150-300 times, spraying the diluted solution to rice leaf in the tillering period, booting period and grain filling period of rice for rice to absorb and convert, and other steps. The nutritious rice has selenium and zinc content of 0.070-0.270 ppm and 12-25 mg ppm separately, 2-10 times and 2-5 times higher than common rice product separately. The nutritious rice of the present invention may be used in producing public food for human body to replenish selenium and zinc.

The invention discloses a direct sowing culture method of rice. The direct sowing culture method comprises the steps: (1) selection of variety; (2) land preparation; (3) treatment of seed; (4) sowing; (5) management of emergence period; and (6) harvesting in time. The direct sowing culture method of the rice provided by the invention has the following advantages: (1) the working procedures are simple and convenient; human power is saved; and the effect is high; manpower can be saved by 45-70 persons per hour and square meter; the cost is saved by about 450 yuan per hour and square meter; and the labor productivity is raised by about 30%; (2) rice seedling raising and transplanting procedures can be reduced, thus mechanical sowing is convenient; (3) rice seedling bed is unnecessary, so that the planting area of grains and commercial crops can be expanded; and the cropping index can be improved; (4) root damage due to seedling pull-up and green turning process after transplanting can be avoided; the rice is tillered earlier, and the growth and development are faster; and (5) the cultivation characteristics of the direct sowing rice include developed root system, healthy and strong plant, strong disease resistance and large number of productive ear. The method is suitable for planting rice for villages.

The invention discloses an organic rice cultivation method, which comprises the following four steps of: 1) rice seedling raising, 2) fertilizer application; 3) reasonable close planting and 4) field management. The organic rice cultivation method is characterized in that the step of fertilizer application comprises the following two sub-steps of: 1) preparing and applying composted farmyard manure: evenly spraying microbial manure into farmyard manure, covering the farmyard manure with a plastic film, processing for 21 days to obtain the composted farmyard manure and then applying the composted farmyard manure in a paddy field; and 2) applying microbial manure: applying the microbial manure in the paddy field with water depth being less than 3cm and transplanting rice seedlings 15 days later after the microbial manure is applied. The organic rice cultivation method has the advantages that the heavy-metal ions and the chemical residues thereof in soil can be eliminated; the caking and the desertification of the soil can be gradually eliminated, the content of organic matters is improved, the pH (potential of hydrogen) is regulated, the granular structure is optimized and the breeding of harmful pathogenic bacteria is inhibited; the nutrients are sufficient; and a large quantity of nitrogen elements in air and various intrinsic elements in the soil are fully utilized, and low-carbon, environmental-friendly, sustainable, circular and high-efficiency agricultural economy is formed.

The invention discloses a selenium-enriched rice planting method. The method includes the following steps of land selecting, field finishing, seed treatment, sowing and seedling raising, seedling transplant, fertilizer management in the later period, irrigation treatment and selenium-enriched rice harvesting. Before seedlings are transplanted, selenium-enriched base fertilizer in a complex state is applied in the rice field, and a certain selenium source is provided for rice; at the beginning of panicle emergence and flowering of rice and grouting, the selenium-enriched compound fertilizer is applied in the rice field again, the selenium-enriched fertilizer is evenly distributed around roots of the seedlings in the growth process, the selenium in a complex state from soil is absorbed by the roots of the plants and then enters the inner cycle systems of the plants and participates in synthesis of protein through the path from stems to leaves to flowers and fruits, and finally, the selenium in an ionic condition from soil is stored in the seeds in the form of selenoprotein. The selenium-enriched rice tastes good and is high in nutrient matter content, and the content of the selenium of the rice can reach over 0.2 mg / kg and meets the national selenium-enriched standard.

The invention relates to a rice field ecological planting and breeding method. By means of the rice field ecological planting and breeding method, Procambarus clarkii are bred and rice is planted in a rice field circularly. The rice field ecological planting and breeding method includes the steps of preparation of the rice field, putting of shrimp seeds, feeding of shrimps, rice cultivation, management of the rice field, fishing for shrimps and reservation of parent shrimp seeds. Circular grooves of the rice filed are disinfected and grass is planted in the circular grooves immediately after the circular grooves of the rice field are finished, the reservation of parent shrimp seeds is mainly carried out in the later period of finishing, and parent shrimps are guaranteed to be reserved in the field for breeding parent shrimps of the next year. The rice field ecological planting and breeding method has the advantages that the Procambarus clarkii are reserved after rice is harvested, and the rice field does not need to be turned over, ploughed or harrowed, planting and breeding are jointly carried out continuously and the utilization rate of farmlands is high; fertility of the farmlands is uniform; worm eggs are eaten by the shrimps so that diseases and insect pests of the rice can be prevented; the survival and breeding environment of the shrimps is stable, and the yield is high; the structure of the rice field is favorable for breeding and growth of the shrimps; chemical inorganic fertilizer and chemical pesticides are not used, so that the natural ecological environment is effectively protected.

The invention discloses a super rice strengthening and harm control cultivation method based on prevention and control of diseases, insects, lodging and pollution and aims to solve the problem that traditional rice cultivation methods easily cause diseases, insects, lodging and pollution. By harm control of cultivation environments, reducing disease and insect sources, harm control of seeds, timely sowing, cultivating to strengthen seedlings, reasonable close planting, filed management, effectively preventing and controlling diseases and insects, effective lodging prevention and the like, scientific management of the whole super rice cultivation process is achieved. Cultivation environmental conditions and technology favorable for normal growth of super rice and unfavorable for disease and insect generation are researched and created according to super rice cultivation features and generation features of diseases, insects, lodging and pollution, super rice growth conditions are improved effectively, and high quality and high yield of super rice are guaranteed. Tests show that an average of 53.2-59.6kg of high-quality rice is increased in each 667m<2> of super rice cultivated by the method, production value is increased by 138-155yuan, and evident economical, social and ecological benefits are achieved.

The invention relates to green rice cultivation production, in particular to a special fertilizer for green rice production, and preparation and application methods thereof. The fertilizer consists of urea-based nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potash fertilizer, medium elements and micro elements, and is prepared by the following steps: selecting solid fertilizer raw materials which may be solid particles or powder, adding the medium elements into humic acid or a humic acid salt in an amount which is 60 to 100 percent based on the mass of the medium elements, mixing, adding the micro elements, mixing and granulating by using a binder; and mixing the granulated medium and micro elements with the urea-based nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potash fertilizer. The rice fertilizer is applied once before the transplantation of rice as a base fertilizer, and top application is not required in the growth period of the rice. In the fertilizer provided by the invention, the amount and proportion in different release periods of the urea-based nitrogen fertilizer are determined in strict accordance with the nitrogen fertilizer demand characteristic of rice in different growth periods to form a five-stage supply speed for fertilizer nitrogen, and thus, the loss of nitrogen fertilizer is controlled obviously.

The invention discloses an organic scented rice production technology. The production technology comprises the following steps of seed selection, seed processing, seedbed production, seeding, seedbed management and the like, so that produced organic scented rice is full in grain, stable in quality, safe and nonhazardous. The organic scented rice production technology is scientific, reasonable, simple, easy to operate for a farmer, simple in management, suitable for cultivation in large scale, and capable of improving social benefits, economic benefits and ecological benefits of the organic scented.

The invention discloses a method for cultivating hybrid rice, which comprises the steps of breeding improved varieties, raising sturdy rice seedlings, field cultivation and prevention and treatment for main diseases and pests. According to the method, the conservation of soil, fertilizer and water, the resistance for cold, drought, lodging and disease and pest and other functions of the soil are improved; and the applying quantity of chemical fertilizer is reduced on the premise of ensuring the national food security, therefore, the cost is saved and the farmer's income is increased, and energy is saved, environment is protected and the agricultural sustainable development is promoted for the country.

Provided is a recycle mixing type rice field culture method. According to the method, a rice field and fresh water resources are utilized for culturing. The method comprises the following steps of arrangement of the rice field, installation and adjustment of facilities, disinfection of the clean field and water fertilizing, rice planting, loach and Chinese soft shell turtle stocking, edible frog throwing, loach and edible fog harvesting, rice harvesting, water entering to flood the field, freshwater shrimp autumn seedling stocking, freshwater shrimp multiple fishing and coming into the market of freshwater shrimps, freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft shell turtle capturing, and ploughing and field drying, wherein the arrangement of the rice field comprises the excavation of culturing ditches, and trimming of field ridges. By the adoption of the method, rice-fish culture and freshwater shrimp autumn seedling and Chinese soft shell turtle mixed culture are organically and cyclically combined, the problems that an empty rice field in winter is not utilized, a water-phase food chain is simple, the mutually beneficial level of rice and fish is low and the bird prevention and the pest removal are low are solved thoroughly, the recycle and safe and efficient output of the rice field are ensured, the significant increasing of the benefits of rice field culture is achieved, and the method has the advantages that the culture process is easy to operate, the culture cost is low and the culture safety is high.

The invention discloses a rice field ditch integrated ecological high-value rice and soft-shelled turtle planting and breeding method which comprises the following steps: 1, ruralizing a rice field and installing fences; 2, plowing the rice field; 3, transplanting rice; 4, putting soft-shelled turtles in the rice field and raising the soft-shelled turtles; 5, conducting field management; and 6, harvesting the rice and the soft-shelled turtles in good time. The method has the advantages that: 1, the foundation works of the rice field is optimized without reducing the area of the rice; 2, the foundation works of a rice ditch is optimized without destroying the structure of the rice field; 3, the landscape of the rice field is optimized to provide a good growth environment for the soft-shelled turtles; 4, a ladder type culture method is adopted to increase the planting and breeding density; and 5, the economic benefit of the rice field in a unit area is greatly increased.

The invention relates to a cultivating technique of cross bred lobster in rice field and pond. The technique is the producing manner which utilizes the shallow water environment in the rice field and is supplemented by artificial measures to plant the rice and cultivate the lobster to increase the profit of the unit rice field area. Since the freshwater cross-bred lobster has low requirements on water and the cultivating place, and fish culture in paddy field is a tradition in a plurality of areas in China, and the economic profit of the unit rice field area can be effectively increased by popularizing the culture of the freshwater cross-bred lobster in the rice field when the profit of fish culture is dropped. The culture of the freshwater cross-bred lobster in the rice field can facilitate weeding and pest eliminating in rice field and save fertilizer and pesticide; and the rice yield of the rice field raising the lobster can be increased by 5percent to 15percent generally. In some areas, in particular the areas of waterlogged lowland, winter macerated fallowland and cold water paddy field, where only single cropping is allowed, the mode of the rice planting and the freshwater cross-bred lobster cultivation in turn is adopted and the economic profit is remarkable.

The invention provides a method for planting cadmium-reduction and selenium-increase rice. The method comprises the following steps of (1) obtaining the content of total cadmium in soil, and judging whether the content of cadmium in rice produced by the preceding crop of rice which is planted in the soil exceeds the standard or not; (2) by utilizing the results obtained in step (1), judgment results, and setting value of zinc and cadmium ratio, planting according to a cadmium-reduction standard control procedure table, wherein the planting operation comprises the steps of (21) applying 0.25-1kg of zinc fertilizer per mu as a base fertilizer, and applying selenium fertilizer into cavities; (22) spraying composite selenium fertilizer to the leaves in the setting growth period of rice. The planting method has the advantages that on the basis of comprehensively considering the content of total cadmium in the soil and judging whether the content of cadmium in the rice exceeds the standard or not, the cadmium-reduction and selenium-increase operation is performed, so the content of cadmium in the rice can meet the standard; the content of the selenium in the rice is improved, and the cadmium-reduction and selenium-increase purposes are realized. The invention also provides selenium-enriched rice and selenium-enriched rice bran, wherein the selenium-enriched rice and the selenium-enriched rice bran are processed by the rice which is obtained by the rice planting method.

The invention relates to method for increasing the yield of a plant grown under conditions that cause periodic oxidative stress in said plant, comprising the step of growing a seedling, tissue culture or plantlet into a plant, and further comprising the step of manipulating said plant or the environment of said plant such that an increase in the rate of respiration and / or protein turnover in said plant due to said periodic oxidative stress is intentionally prevented during the early ontogeny of said plant.

The invention discloses a drip irrigation dry-farming planting method under a rice direct seeding film, which belongs to a crop planting agriculture method. A timely seeding operation is carried out after the preparation before seeding is finished; the seeding operation is as follows: the operations of drip irrigation zone paving, film covering, punching, hole seeding and soil covering on a hole are accomplished by one time by a drip irrigation tube-paving film-paving fine seeder under the film; the drip irrigation zone is arranged on the lower surface of a plastic film and is connected with a water-carriage system; and timely and proper water dripping and fertilizing are carried out according to the growing demand of the crops. The drip irrigation dry farming planting method can be applied to save water by 60 to 70 percent, save the fertilizers by 30 percent, have high degree of mechanization, save labor, reduce the field management and reduce the pesticide pollution.

The invention discloses a selenium-enriched rice which is produced by processing selenium-enriched paddy rice, the selenium-enriched paddy rice is obtained by applying a nutritional agent for the selenium-enriched paddy rice in the soil of a paddy field for cultivation after land preparation and before irrigation, and the weight composition of the nutritional agent for the selenium-enriched paddy rice is as follows: nano-selenium plant nutritional agent: nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is equal to 0.1-1: 1, wherein the weight concentration of selenium in the nutritional agent for the selenium-enriched paddy rice is 2000-10000mg / kg. The selenium content of the selenium-enriched rice is 0.04-0.300mg / kg, the proportion of organic selenium is more than 80%, and the form is safer. The production method of the selenium-enriched rice is simpler, the using amount of the nutritional agent for the selenium-enriched paddy rice is small, and the environmental pollution is small.

The invention discloses a method for reducing the content of cadmium in middle rice. The method includes the following steps that after middle rice of the first year is harvested, middle rice straw is returned to the field directly, and tillage is conducted so that the middle rice straw can be evenly mixed with soil; hyperaccumulation plants are planted in a paddy; after the hyperaccumulation plants are removed from March to May in the second year, soil heavy metal passivator is scattered on the surface of soil of the paddy; tillage is conducted, and base fertilizer is applied 3-5 days later; tillage is conducted, and rice is transplanted; during planting of rice, a foliar resistance control agent is sprayed in the later tillering stage and the booting stage of rice respectively, wherein spraying time interval is 5-10 days; field drying is conducted in the later tillering stage, natural drying is conducted in the maturation stage, and flooding irrigation is conducted in other development stages. According to the method, crop production and straw resource utilization are not affected, the dual targets of reducing the paddy soil cadmium content and reducing the rice cadmium content are achieved under the combined action of plant extraction, soil passivation, foliar resistance control and water management, and effects are more remarkable compared with other combination technologies.