An extraction method of sea cucumber polypeptide contains steps of: embathing, high-pressure stewing, enzymatic hydrolysis, deodorizing, filtering, condensation, drying and finished product packaging. The extraction method is characterized in that high-pressure stewing: the temperature is 120-130 DEG C, the pressure is 0.13-0.15 MPa and stewing lasts for 2 hours at constant temperature and constant pressure; enzymatic hydrolysis: the temperature is cooled to 54-56 DEG C after heating and sterilizing, NaOH is added to adjust PH to 7.0 and 0.5% of sea cucumber special-purpose enzyme to perform enzymatic hydrolysis for 6 hours; deodorizing: 17% of active carbon is added for deodorizing; filtering: a standing liquid firstly passes through a candle filter, then passes through a barrel filter and is finally filtered to a clear liquid storage tank; and condensation: condensation pressure is minus 0.04-minus 0.06 MPa, condensation temperature is 75-80 DEG C, and Baume degree determined during the condensation process is controlled at 10. The invention has the following advantages of: sea cucumber is changed into a fully water soluble active component after biological enzyme hydrolysis; the content of small peptides in the product is high, which is more beneficial to the absorption and utilization of the sea cucumber active component; and sea cucumber polypeptide is more acceptable in taste after deodorizing by active carbon. The invention is suitable for the extraction method of sea cucumber polypeptide.