The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering antifouling paint preparation, and particularly relates to a transparent anti-fouling membrane preparation method. The technological process comprises the steps that hydrotalcite nanosheets are dispersed in distilled water to obtain a hydrotalcite aqueous solution through ultrasound, polyvinyl alcohol is added into the hydrotalcite aqueous solution to be heated till polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved to form a mixed solution, standing is conducted on the mixed solution, the mixed solution is naturally cooled and then dispersed through ultrasound, phenolic amide antifoulant is added into the mixed solution, and an anti-fouling mixed solution is obtained through ultrasonic dispersion; the quartz surface is coated with the anti-fouling mixed solution through a spin-coating method or a coating method, and a transparent anti-fouling membrane is obtained after drying; the transparent anti-fouling membrane protects fouling of the parts such as detection shots, light sources and submarine windows of marine optical instruments. The molecular structure and preparation method of the transparent anti-fouling membrane are simple, the technology is scientific and reliable, the raw materials are low in cost and easy to obtain, the light transmittance is high, the antifouling activity is good, the effect is obvious, the application environment is friendly, and an important application prospect in the marine antifouling field is achieved.