The invention relates to the technical field of pet food, in particular to a natural dog food composition capable of protecting skin and brightening hair and a preparation method of the natural dog food composition. The invention discloses a natural dog food composition for protecting skin and brightening hair; the composition at least comprises the following components by weight parts: 5-20 partsof flaxseeds, 5-15 parts of sunflower seeds, 3-7 parts of castor seeds, 3-10 parts of rapeseeds, 8-15 parts of methionine, 5-15 parts of cystine, 1-5 parts of beewax, 0.1-2 parts of tea leaves, 1-5 parts of Chinese wolfberry, 5-15 parts of jujubes, 1-5 parts of laver, 2-8 parts of undaria pinnatifida, 1-5 parts of spinach, 10-20 parts of buckwheat and 15-30 parts of corn. The dog food prepared bythe invention can protect hair follicles and hair of dogs from being damaged, enable the hair of dogs to be smooth and gentle, prevent bifurcation, reduce hair loss, promote fur regeneration, enablethe hair to grow vigorously, brighten the hair color, improve the hair quality, enable the hair to have elasticity, prevent pilling of the hair, reduce the incidence of skin diseases and improve skinallergy and pruritus.