346 results about "Clark electrode" patented technology

Air electrodes for secondary metal-air batteries or secondary metal hydride-air batteries, in particular, bifunctional air electrodes that can undergo oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution with high reaction rates. A method of manufacturing such electrodes.

An electrochemical cell comprising an electrolyte comprising water and a hydrophobic ionic liquid comprising positive ions and negative ions. The electrochemical cell also includes an air electrode configured to absorb and reduce oxygen. A hydrophilic or hygroscopic additive modulates the hydrophobicity of the ionic liquid to maintain a concentration of the water in the electrolyte is between 0.001 mol % and 25 mol %.

An electrostatic spinning apparatus includes a feeding device, at least one linear electrode, at least one collecting electrode, and a high-voltage power supply. The feeding device includes a tank and a roller and an electrostatic spinning solution is contained in the tank. The roller is rolled in the tank. The linear electrode is contact with the roller to absorb the electrostatic spinning solution onto the linear electrode. The collecting electrode is disposed equidistantly to the linear electrode. The high-voltage power supply is connected with the linear electrode and the collecting electrode to opposite charge the linear electrode and the collecting electrode. The electrostatic spinning solution is guided to the collecting electrode from linear electrode and formed an electrostatic spinning fiber.

A rechargeable energy storage device is disclosed. In at least one embodiment the energy storage device includes an air electrode providing an electrochemical process comprising reduction and evolution of oxygen and a capacitive electrode enables an electrode process consisting of non-faradic reactions based on ion absorption / desorption and / or faradic reactions. This rechargeable energy storage device is a hybrid system of fuel cells and ultracapacitors, pseudocapacitors, and / or secondary batteries.

Provided are an air electrode having a structure in which an anion exchange membrane and an air electrode catalyst layer are laminated and the anion exchange membrane is disposed in contact with an aqueous alkaline solution; and a metal-air battery, an alkaline fuel cell, and a water electrolysis device each having the air electrode. The air electrode of the present invention can reduce or solve various conventional problems of an air electrode in a metal-air battery, fuel cell, and the like, which use an aqueous alkaline solution as an electrolyte, and can maintain high performance for a long period of time.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a carbon nano tube array / carbon fiber fabric integrated three-dimensional porous air electrode. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: taking carbon fiber fabric as a matrix, depositing a carbon nano tube array on the matrix, taking a carbon tube as a catalyst carrier, carrying nano-level MnO2 particles by an electric depositing method, and finally forming the catalytic air electrode. The air electrode prepared by the preparation method has the advantages of high specific surface area, parallel hole channel structures, high-conductivity electron transporting conductors and excellent mechanical strength and chemical stability, and is an ideal electrode material for preparing a composite air electrode of a large-capacity novel lithium-air battery.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a catalyst for an air electrode, an air electrode and preparation methods for the catalyst and the air electrode. The catalyst for the air electrode takes a manganese salt and silver salt as raw materials, takes a carbon material as a carrier and has a chemical expression of (MnO2+Ag) / C, wherein the content ratio of each component is MnO2:Ag:C of 2:1:17. The air electrode is obtained by pressing a catalytic film made from the catalyst, a waterproof breathable film and a grid in a set arrangement way. The catalyst for the air electrode has high catalytic activity, so that the performance of the prepared air electrode is greatly improved; and the preparation methods have simple processes, and are relatively lower in production cost.

The invention discloses a catalytic agent for an air electrode and a novel air electrode manufactured by the catalytic agent and a manufacturing method of the air electrode; the catalytic agent for the air electrode is formed by compounding a main catalytic agent and at least one auxiliary catalytic agent; the main catalytic agent is metal salts containing manganese, and the auxiliary catalytic agent is rare earth compound or rare metal compound; the weight of the main catalytic agent accounts for 60-85 percent of total weight of the catalytic agent, and the remaining is the auxiliary catalytic agent. The novel air electrode is formed by pressing a catalytic membrane, a current collector and a water-proofing breathable film sequentially. In order to manufacture the novel air electrode, thecatalytic membrane and the water-proofing breathable film are firstly manufactured, and then are pressed together or pressed together with a meshed current collector, and then the air electrode is prepared after removing organic solvents.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a stable transparent electrode provided with a neutral PEDOT / PSS conducting layer. The transparent electrode comprises a transparent base material layer and the conducting layer covering the transparent base material layer, wherein the conducting layer comprises a coated first silver nanowire conducting layer part and a second neutral PEDOT / PSS macromolecule conducting layer part or a macromolecule conducting layer part formed by mixing neutral PEDOT / PSS with silver nanowires, and the PEDOT / PSS macromolecule conducting layer part is made of neutral PEDOT / PSS conductive ink. The preparing method comprises the steps that 3,4-EDOT is polymerized into PEDOT / PSS dispersion liquid in the presence of PSS, alkaline additives are added to regulate the PH, neutral PEDOT / PSS dispersion liquid is obtained after the ink strength is high enough through the seasoning technology, and at least one kind of organic functional auxiliaries is added to the neutral PEDOT / PSS dispersion liquid to obtain the stable transparent electrode. The transparent electrode prepared with the method has the advantages of being high in conductivity, high in light permeability, simple in preparing technology, resistant to weather and current stability and the like and can be applied to the fields such as organic solar cells, organic light emitting diodes and touch display screens.

The invention provides a novel carbon porous electrode preparing method. According to the method, a simple preparing technology is realized while the excellent performance of a carbon porous electrode is guaranteed. The carbon porous electrode preparing method comprises the steps that the surface of a current collector is coated with an electrode material containing carbon materials, binders and conductive agents, drying is conducted, and then an electrode plate in a specified thickness is formed; carbonizing treatment is conducted on the electrode plate at a temperature higher than or equal to 400 DEG C in an inert atmosphere, and then the carbon porous electrode is formed. By the adoption of the method, the obtained carbon porous electrode is better is conductive performance, resistance among carbon granules is reduced, ohmic drop on the carbon electrode in usage is reduced, actual working performance of the electrode is improved, the structural strength of the obtained carbon porous electrode is high, and the effective reaction area of the carbon electrode material is increased.

The invention discloses a THz-wave detector, which uses a high-electron-mobility field effect transistor (FET) with higher two-dimensional electron concentration as a basic structure unit, wherein the FET is provided with a source electrode, a gate electrode and a drain electrode. The THz-wave detector is characterized in that the device structure of the THz-wave detector comprises three lead electrodes, three low pass filters and a group of THz-wave coupled antennas, wherein the three electrodes of the FET and the THz-wave coupled antennas are connected to jointly serve as antennas; and the three electrodes of the FET are respectively connected with the corresponding lead electrodes through the low pass filters. The THz-wave detector has the advantages that the antennas are separated from the lead electrodes through the low pass filters, so the resonance performance of the antennas can be guaranteed, and the decrease of the device responsivity, which is caused by the leakage of high frequency THz-wave signals produced by the antennas to the lead electrodes through straight conducting wires, is prevented; and an ohmic contact is simultaneously provided with the source electrode, the drain electrode and the antennas, so the device structure is compact, the integration is facilitated, and a foundation is laid for the realization of the arraying and large-scale application of the THz-wave detector.

A method and an apparatus for treating a workpiece using a plasma discharge are disclosed in the present invention. In treating a workpiece using a plasma discharge, the apparatus includes at least one plate electrode electrically coupled to a power source, a dielectric body having first and second sides, wherein the first side is coupled to the at least one plate electrode and the second side has at least one capillary extending substantially therethrough in a direction of the first side of the dielectric body, and a counter electrode electrically coupled to the power source.

The present invention provides an electrolyte membrane of a solid oxide fuel cell that excels in output performance. There is provided a solid oxide fuel cell comprising a single cell having an air electrode disposed on a surface of an electrolyte membrane and a fuel electrode disposed on the other surface of the electrolyte membrane, and an interconnector having a role of electrical connection; wherein the electrolyte membrane is provided with a first layer composed of a material having an oxygen-ionic conductivity of S1 on the air-electrode side, and a second layer composed of a material containing at least zirconia and having an oxygen-ionic conductivity of S2 on the fuel-electrode side; and wherein the oxygen-ionic conductivity of S1 on the air-electrode side and the oxygen-ionic conductivity of S2 on the fuel electrode side have a relationship of S1>S2.

An internal liquid-flushing type shaping cluster electrode for electrospark machining is composed of rod-shaped electrode units and an electrode base for holding a cluster of said electrode units. Said electrode base consists of electrode fixture interface, main body and holding module. Its advantages are easy manufacture, and high utilization rate of electrode material.

Air depolarized electrochemical cells are formed having a cell construction for improving or enhancing air flow to an air electrode. The electrochemical cell includes a layer of material disposed between a positive air electrode and an inner surface of a base of a cell casing, and having a surface facing the base, with the layer of material being an air permeable, hydrophobic layer or an air and water permeable layer. At least one of the inner surface of the base and the surface of the layer of material facing the base comprises at least one projection or at least one groove or a combination thereof whereby an open air channel is provided between the inner surface of the base and the layer of material, with the air channel being in contact with at least one air aperture of the cell. Methods for producing air depolarized electrochemical cells having air flow channels are disclosed.

The object of the present invention is to provide a cheap gas diffusion layer for fuel cell excellent in gas permeability water repellency, and also excellent in mechanical strength, allowing a continuous formation, and to provide a manufacturing method of the same. A gas diffusion layer used for at least one of gas diffusion layers of a fuel cell where a fuel electrode side catalyst layer and an air electrode side catalyst layer are disposed at both faces of an electrolyte film, and further a gas diffusion layer is disposed respectively on the outer surface of the fuel electrode side catalyst layer and air electrode side catalyst layer, characterized by that the gas diffusion layer is formed of a mesh sheet having an heat resistance and an acid resistance, and a mixture of electrically conductive powder and water repellent filler for filling voids of the mesh sheet.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a nitrogen and phosphorus doubly-doping porous carbon nanofiber material for an air electrode. The preparation method comprises the following steps of adding 2.8ml aniline solution to 50ml phytic acid solution with certain mass content; heating and stirring the mixed solution to generate an aniline-phytic acid salt solution; cooling the aniline-phytic acid salt solution to a certain temperature; weighing and dissolving 1.716g ammonium persulfate in 6ml deionized water; cooling the mixed solution to a certain temperature; rapidly mixing the two solutions; allowing the mixed solution to stand in ice-water bath for a certain time; immersing synthesized hydrogel; carrying out freeze-drying on the hydrogel for 72 hours to generate aerogel; and carbonizing the aerogel at a certain temperature and under the protection of Ar, thereby obtaining the porous carbon nanofiber material.

The invention provides a ceramic capacitive pressure sensor and relates to an electrostatic capacitive pressure sensor and a manufacturing process of the ceramic capacitive pressure sensor. At present, according to the electrostatic capacitive pressure sensor, plate electrodes are respectively arranged on the surfaces of two ceramic substrates, so that a small gap is formed between the two electrodes, the two electrodes are parallelly opposite to each other, the two parallel ceramic substrates are fixed into a whole to form a plate condenser, and the pressure is detected by testing the capacitance change under pressure. The capacitance is determined by the distance between polar plates, so that the pressure detection accuracy is influenced; and therefore, the distance between the electrodes must be accurately controlled. An annular low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) green sheet is arranged between two plates, the LTCC green sheet and the two plates are stacked together, clamped by a clamp and sintered into a whole at a certain temperature, and the accurate distance and pressure detection precision between the polar plates are guaranteed.

The invention belongs to the field of micro machining, and particularly relates to an electrolysis electrosparking method and device using a planar thin metal sheet electrode. The machining process of the designed device comprises five stages of electrolysis reaction for bubble production, bubble gathering and insulation layer forming, planar electrode bending deformation and discharge channel forming, material corrosion removal and ejection, and deionization and electrode deformation recovery. Micro feeding of the electrode position in machining is achieved, and the gap control problem in electrolysis electrosparking is solved. Compared with a traditional single-point discharge machining method, the planar thin metal sheet electrode can achieve discharge machining of the whole plane, the machining efficiency is greatly improved, the device is simple in structure and low in cost, and the high-precision low-cost high-efficiency micro machining method can be achieved and has the important theoretical significance and engineering application value.

To provide an electrode catalyst for fuel cells, which is obtained efficiently by a simple process, without using a silica template, unlike in the conventional process, which is relatively large in mesopore diameter (5 nm or more), which enables catalyst particles deposited stably in the mesopores, and which can readily develop a highly triple-phase interface state.Such an electrode catalyst for a fuel cell is constituted with: a mesoporous carbon support obtained by heating and baking for carbonization a mixture of a surfactant and carbon precursors; and catalyst particles carried by the support. Further, it is possible to obtain a fuel cell, which has: a fuel electrode; an air electrode; and an electrolyte membrane interposed between the electrodes, in which at least one of the fuel electrode and the air electrode contains the electrode catalyst.

An air electrode (6) for a metal-air battery includes an air electrode catalyst, an electrolyte for air electrodes and a; conductive material. The electrolyte for air electrodes contains a layered double hydroxide.

A manganese based catalyst for use in a metal-air electrochemical cell wherein the catalyst is made by a micelle process and a method of producing the catalyst. An electrode comprising said catalyst and method of producing the electrode. The micelle encapsulation process creates catalyst particles that are submicron and easily distributed throughout the active layer of the electrode.

The invention discloses an electrochemical sensor used for instantly monitoring and detecting the water biotoxicity. The electrochemical sensor comprises a work electrode, a counter electrode, a reference electrode and a electrolytic cell; the work electrode is a polymer fixed microbial electrode, and the polymer fixed microbial electrode comprises an electrode and a polymer and bacteria mixed layer coated outside the electrode; and the material of the above polymer is gelatin or chitosan, the above bacteria comprise Escherichia coli and / or yeast, and the electrode is a glassy carbon electrode, a gold electrode, a platinum electrode or a boron-doped diamond film electrode. The invention also discloses an apparatus of the electrochemical sensor used for instantly monitoring and detecting the water biotoxicity. The electrochemical sensor can instantly monitor the water biotoxicity change and detect the water biotoxicity value, can realize instant, online and continuous detection, and has the characteristics of high analysis sensitivity, low cost, simple operation, portability and the like.

The invention provides a dielectric barrier discharge enhanced-type low-temperature plasma brush generation device for the purpose of improving the technical scheme in the background technology so as to obviously reduce the energy consumption. In the dielectric barrier discharge enhanced-type low-temperature plasma brush generation device, a pair of plate electrodes for ionizing working gas in advance is arranged between a gas inlet port and a main discharge electrode; the distance between each plate electrode and the main discharge electrode is not less than 1mm along the flow speed direction of the working gas; and the discharge end face of each plate electrode is provided with an insulation layer. According to the invention, the voltage of the main discharge or the initial voltage for generating a brush-shaped plasma is lower, the rated operational voltage and current are smaller when normal glow discharge is carried out, the discharge energy of the plasma is less, the Joule heat consumed on a current-limiting resistance is less, and the service lives of the main discharge electrode and a current-limiting resistor are prolonged.

The invention relates to a universal preparation method for an active site-electrode structure integrated air electrode. The universal preparation method is characterized in that various polymer microspheres having open internally-communicating hierarchical-pore structures are conjugated with active sites like noble metal groups, transition metal groups, and hetero atom-doped carbon groups in virtue of different treatment methods; the different treatment methods may be one or more selected from the group consisting of a carbon tetrachloride cross-linking method, a concentrated-sulfuric-acid sulfonation method, a carbon dioxide gas activation method, a dopamine coating method, an ammonia gas activation method, a polyaniline coating method, an in-situ precious-metal loading method, an in-situ transition metallide growth method and an in-situ heteroatom doping method. The universal method described in the invention can flexibly conjugate open internally-communicating hierarchical-pore electrode structures containing super-macro pores, macro pores, meso pores and micropores with a plurality of different highly-active catalytic sites by using appropriate methods, so the catalytic performance of the air electrode and the overall performance of a fuel cell and a metal-air battery are improved.

The invention provides an air electrode of a lithium air battery. The air electrode comprises a current collector and a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is loaded on the current collector in an in-situ composite manner. The invention further provides a preparation method of the air electrode of the lithium air battery and the lithium air battery which comprises the air electrode. According to the air electrode, the performance of the lithium air battery can be greatly improved.

An air-hydrogen battery with high energy density and satisfactory cycle characteristics is provided. The air-hydrogen battery includes: a positive electrode made of an air electrode; a negative electrode provided with a hydrogen-absorbing alloy; and a cation-exchange film or an anion-exchange film formed as an electrolyte between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein a periphery of the hydrogen-absorbing alloy of the negative electrode is covered with an anion-exchange resin, whereby the contact area between the anion-exchange resin that functions as an electrolyte and the hydrogen-absorbing alloy is increased, and the utilization factor and resistance to corrosion of the hydrogen-absorbing alloy are enhanced.

Air electrodes for secondary metal-air batteries or secondary metal hydride-air batteries, in particular, bifunctional air electrodes that can undergo oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution with high reaction rates. A method of manufacturing such electrodes.

A single cell for a fuel cell in which an air electrode or a fuel electrode includes at least two layers. The air electrode includes an adhering cathode layer formed on one surface of the solid electrolyte layer and configured to show a function to allow the air electrode and the solid electrolyte layer to adhere electrically and mechanically to each other, and an electricity collecting cathode layer formed on the adhering cathode layer and configured to show an electricity collecting function of the air electrode. Alternatively, the fuel electrode includes an adhering anode layer formed on the other surface of the solid electrolyte layer and configured to show a function to allow the fuel electrode and the solid electrolyte layer to adhere electrically and mechanically to each other, and an electricity collecting anode layer formed on the adhering anode layer and configured to show an electricity collecting function.

The invention discloses a flexible liquid metal air battery and a battery pack, and relates to the technical fields of metal air batteries. The battery comprises a liquid metal electrode, a porous film, an electrolyte, an air electrode and a flexible shell, wherein the liquid metal electrode, the porous film, the electrolyte and the air electrode all are arranged in the flexible shell; the liquid metal electrode is located in a cavity formed by the porous film and the flexible shell and is used for being in contact with the electrolyte through holes in the porous film for oxidizing reaction; the electrolyte is arranged between the liquid metal electrode and the air electrode and is used for providing an ionic environment for electrochemical reaction; and the air electrode is provided for providing an oxidant in the electrochemical reaction. With the liquid metal electrode as an anode of the battery, so that the flexible liquid metal air battery is in a liquid state at a room temperature; and a flexible design is achieved, so that the flexible liquid metal air battery can be conveniently applied to the occasions of a wearable technology and the like, and is simple in structure, stable and efficient.