The invention relates to a hyper-pressure single-worm extrusion machine, comprising: a machine barrel, a screw bolt, a charging hopper, a driver, a motor, a cooling device, and an engine base. The invention is characterized in that: the cooling device is arranged on the machine barrel and the screw bolt; the geometric compression ratio of screw bolt is designed as high as 10-120; and the rotational speed of screw bolt is 30-1500 r / min. The invention has following advantages that: the cooling devices are arranged on the machine barrel and the screw bolt to eliminate the temperature over normal ones caused by the high-speed friction between chemical material and the machine barrel and screw bolt; the compression ratio of screw bolt is designed as high as 10-120 (according to the property of chemical material) to form a hyper-pressure solid transfer piston formed by extruded chemical material between the machine barrel and screw bolt; then the chemical material and the screw bolt, the chemical material and the machine barrel, the chemical material and the chemical material has friction in the hyper-pressure condition to generate heat, with which the chemical material can be melt and molded in short time, to be incised and mixed smelt; according to the friction temperature, the rotational speed of screw bolt is set at 30-1500 r / min, for controlling the amount of feeding material, the cooled amount and the friction temperature in stable balance condition.