The invention discloses a novel polysaccharide antibacterial mouthwash and a preparation method thereof. The novel polysaccharide antibacterial mouthwash comprises the active ingredients of carboxymethyl chitosan and propolis and further comprises a Chinese herbal medicine concentrate, sodium alginate, oleum menthae, a pH modifier, ethanol and purified water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: quantitatively adding carboxymethyl chitosan and a propolis and ethanol solution, and heating for dissolution; after the solution is cooled down, adding the Chinese herbal medicine concentrate, sodium alginate, oleum menthae and the pH modifier, supplementing purified water to obtain the total amount, and obtaining the novel polysaccharide antibacterial mouthwash after measuring the pH value. The novel polysaccharide antibacterial mouthwash has the effects of cleaning the oral cavity and resisting bacteria to protect teeth, meanwhile, reduces the allergy risk caused by propolis, has a very unique Chinese herbal medicine fragrance, is added with no synthetic essences, is safer and more healthy, is simple in preparation method, low in cost, lasting and effective in antibacterial effect, free from toxic and side effects on a human body and comfortable in taste.