463results about How to "Change surface properties" patented technology

The invention firstly discloses an oxidized graphene or graphene / inorganic particle core / shell material which is formed by electrostatic self-assembly, wherein inorganic particles are taken as the core of the material, oxidized graphene or graphene is taken as a shell layer, and the content of the oxidized graphene or the graphene is 0.1-2wt% of that of the inorganic particles. The invention alsodiscloses a preparation method of the oxidized graphene or graphene / inorganic particle core / shell material. Therefore, a new species is added for outer-coated inorganic powder materials and the application space of the inorganic particles is expanded; furthermore, the electrostatic self-assembly technology is further applied to the preparation of the oxidized graphene or graphene-inorganic powderhybrid material, and the method simultaneously has the characteristics of being mature and environmentally-friendly in process, being simple to operate, having no need of complex equipment, being easy for realization of large-scale production and the like.

The invention discloses a high-efficiency multielement compound foliage selenium fertilizer which aims to increase selenium artificially. The high-efficiency multielement compound foliage selenium fertilizer comprises the following components: macroelements, medium elements, microelements, chelator, selenium, rare-earth elements, active organic substances, growth regulator and surfactant. The high-efficiency multielement compound foliage selenium fertilizer is especially suitable for producing selenium-rich tea, selenium-rich rice, selenium-rich corn and other selenium-rich agricultural products in low-selenium or selenium-deficient regions. The invention has the advantages of favorable raw material compatibility, scientific proportion, scientific technique and diversified and compounded nutrient elements, and can effectively solve the nutrient deficiency symptom of the crop, thereby achieving the goal of sufficiently supplementing insufficient soil nutrients.

The invention discloses a lightweight high-performance foam concrete, which is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 50 to 60 parts of cement, 20 to 35 parts of mineral slag, 15 to 20 parts of fly ash, 5 to 10 parts of gypsum, 60 to 80 parts of fine aggregate, 2.7 to 7.3 parts of additive, 0.1 to 0.2 part of fiber, 32 to 45 parts of water, and 5 to 25 parts of foam. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the foam concrete. The foam concrete has the advantages of small volume-weight, high strength, low water absorption, and small contraction rate, and has the waterproof and anti-cracking functions at the same time.

Films having a microreplicated topography are prepared from contacting a microembossed pattern to a layer of film. When an adhesion interface is established between the layer of film and a supporting substrate, the topography of the film surface controls the performance of the adhesion interface. Articles having microreplicated film surfaces are also disclosed that have an advantage of providing microchannels for fluid egress for an effective period of time. Multiple microembossed patterns produce microreplicated film surfaces having both microchannels for fluid egress and pegs for improved film properties.

A process is provided for making a reactive-block-copolymer property modifier using an acrylic monomer that has functional groups and one or more vinyl monomers and using the property modifier to modify the properties of a polymeric material, particularly its surface properties. Functionalized acrylic monomer and vinyl monomer can be selected for making a property modifier for a particular application. The property modifier is mixed and / or reacted with a polymeric material to change its properties, particularly the polarity and surface energy of the polymeric material, such as for making the polymeric material paintable, dyeable, wettable, waterproof, biocompatible and / or capable of dissipating an electrostatic charge. The property modifier can be used to couple polymer chains together for increasing average molecular weight, which is useful for recycling a polymeric material, and can also be used as a compatibilizer.

The invention relates to a method for finishing the durable function of a cellulose fabric, which comprises the following steps: firstly, soaking or padding the cellulose fabric by using an aqueous solution of a cationic modifier namely a finishing liquor A; secondly, soaking or padding the cellulose fabric in a prepared finishing liquor B; thirdly, treating the cellulose fabric in a water-containing medium solution comprising sodium, potassium or lithium sodium silicate and a textile functional finishing agent; and finally, pre-baking the cellulose fabric at a temperature of between 80 and 100 DEG C, washing the cellulose fabric, and baking the cellulose fabric at a temperature of between 120 and 170 DEG C. The method is simple and safe, has low requirements on the performance of equipment, is easy for industrialization and is suitable for the cellulose fabric, and a fabric prepared by the method has lasting functionalities.

The invention relates to a method for culturing aerobic granular sludge for treating biological nutrients in municipal sewage, which comprises two reaction stages: (1) flocculent activated sludge is added in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) as seed sludge, the domestic sewage is fed in the SBR which automatically operates according to the mode of water inlet-aeration-hypoxia-secondary aeration-precipitation-drainage, activated carbon powder and Mg2+ are added in the domestic sewage in the fourth day or fifth day after culturing, 10-20 days are needed in the stage, and the aerobic granular sludge with organism-removing and synchronous denitrifying capability can be obtained after 30-60 cycles; and (2) the SBR automatically operates according to the mode of water inlet-anaerobic mixing-aeration-precipitation-drainage-standing, 10-15 days are needed in the stage, and the aerobic granular sludge with high-efficient and synchronous denitrifying phosphorus-removing capability can be obtained after 20-45 cycles. In the invention, the culture time of the synchronous denitrifying phosphorus-removing aerobic granular sludge is shortened to 20-35 days, while in the prior art, 60-120 days are required generally.

The invention provides a bipolar plate for fuel cell and a surface nitric-chrome film preparation method which belong to fuel cell technique field. The bipolar plate is composed of a stainless steel thin plate substrate and its two sides nitric-chrome film; the nitric-chrome film thickness is micro-nanometer magnitude and is prepared by using electric arc ion filming method, therein, substrate passive film is removed by using ion sputtering method before filming, used ion comes from glow plasma of inert gases or electric arc plasma vaporized from metal target; a simple substance film with even component, a grads film with component changed continuously from inside to outside, or a multi-layer film with component changed alternately can be obtained by controlling filming parameter in film depositing process. The substrate provided by the invention is the stainless steel thin plate, and has a nitric-chrome film on surface. The stainless steel thin plate and intric-chrome film match connects in atom dimension because of ion film depositing, thereby, the bipolar plate has characteristics of low-cost besides complex characteristics, for example, corrosion resistance, electrical conduction, strengthen and hydrophobic etc. The bipolar plate and preparation method are mainly suitable for fuel cell manufacturing field.

The invention discloses a non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium ion battery, which comprises a lithium salt, an organic solvent and an impregnating additive, wherein the impregnating additive is a non-ionic surfactant. The non-ionic surfactant is a fluoroether compound disclosed as structural formula (1) (R1-O-R2), wherein R1 is C3-6 fluorine-containing alkyl group, and R2 is C2-6 fluorine-containing alkyl group. The fluoroether compound disclosed as structural formula (1) accounts for 0.01-2 wt% of the total electrolyte. The fluoroether-containing impregnating additive in the non-aqueous electrolyte is a non-ionic surfactant containing hydrophobic groups; and the surfactant can change the surface property of the electrolyte, enhance the adhesive force between the electrolyte and the pole piece and diaphragm, and improve the penetrating quality of the electrolyte on the pole piece.

This invention relates to preparation method of a flakiness microcrystalline cellulose, as well as its surface reshaping method. The process: in water disperse medium, take reaction with sulfuric acid to gain flakiness microcrystalline cellulose, then surface by acetic acid esterification or SAA absorption modifing, repass wash, filter , dryness, gain the product. The mass ratio of water and cellulose is 3 to 25:1, sulfuric acid volumetric concentration for 30 to 80%, temperature for 10 - to 85 deg, time for 5 to 120 minutes. The mass ratio of acetic ester modifier or SAA and microcrystalline cellulose is 0.1 to 5: 100. The modifier not only keep the favorable physics and mechanical property of cellulose, but also improve dispersibility, greatly advance consistency with high molecular material, broaden the application area.

Carriers for use in the preparation of mixtures for inhalation powders intended for pulmonary administration of micronized drugs by means of a dry powder inhaler and the method for their preparation are described.

The invention relates to a micro-surface free radical polymerization superfine clad organic pigment and a preparation method, and belongs to the field of fine chemical engineering. The method for preparing the superfine polymer clad organic pigment comprises the following steps of: preparing superfine organic pigment dispersoid from a pigment, a polymerizable dispersant, a nonionic surfactant and deionized water; adding a comonomer into the dispersoid after grinding and dispersing and transferring the mixture to a reaction vessel; and raising the temperature to initiate polymerization reaction. The superfine polymer clad organic pigment dispersoid prepared by the method has high dispersibility, storage property, heat resistance, acid and alkali resistance and stability.

The invention provides a bipolar plate for fuel cell and a surface carbon-chrome film preparation method which belong to fuel cell technique field. The bipolar plate is composed of a stainless steel thin plate substrate and its two sides carbon-chrome film; the carbon-chrome film thickness is micro-nanometer magnitude and is prepared by using electric arc ion filming method, therein, substrate passive film is removed by using ion sputtering method before filming, used ion comes from glow plasma of inert gases or electric arc plasma vaporized from metal target; a simple substance film with even component, a grads film with component changed continuously from inside to outside can be obtained by controlling filming parameter in film depositing process. The substrate provided by the invention is the stainless steel thin plate, and has a nitric-chrome film on surface. The stainless steel thin plate and carbon-chrome film match connects in atom dimension because of ion film depositing, thereby, the bipolar plate has characteristics of low-cost besides complex characteristics, for example, corrosion resistance, electrical conduction, strengthen and hydrophobic etc. The bipolar plate and preparation method are mainly suitable for fuel cell manufacturing field.

The invention discloses a bipolar plate of a fuel cell and a method for preparing a carbon titanium nanocomposite film on the surface thereof, belongs to the technical field of surface modification of metallic materials and fuel cells, and relates to a bipolar plate of a regenerative fuel cell and a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and a preparation technology of a surface modified film of the bipolar plate. The bipolar plate consists of a metal thin plate substrate and carbon titanium nanocomposite films which are formed on the surfaces at two sides of the substrate, wherein the metal thin plate substrate is a titanium plate and a stainless steel plate; the carbon titanium nanocomposite film is an amorphous and nanocrystalline composite film which is prepared on an amorphous carbon substrate with an arc ion film plating method and on which titanium and titanium carbide nanocrystals are distributed; the thickness of the film is of micron dimension; and the size of the crystal grains of the nanocrystals is of micron dimension. The invention has the effects and advantages that: the bipolar plate is low in manufacturing cost, has prominent composite performance such as corrosion resistance, conductivity, hydrophobicity and the like, can be used for replacing a noble metal bipolar plate and a graphite bipolar plate, and can be used as a cell bipolar plate of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell and an electrolytic cell bipolar plate of the regenerative fuel cell.

The invention discloses a bottom surface-integrated wear-resistant fluorosilicone-based super-amphiphobic coating, and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) performing synergistic modification treatment on two or more nanoparticles to obtain modified blended particles; 2) adding the blended modified particles into a dispersing solvent, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1 to 2 hours and then mechanically stirring; 3) adding a certain amount of tert-butyl acetate into fluoro-siloxane resin and performing shearing dispersion to obtain substrate material emulsion; 4) mixing the blended modified particle turbid liquid in the step 2 and the substrate material emulsion in the step 3, adding a coupling agent, heating, stirring anddispersing, and performing dispersion by a high-speed shearing dispersing machine to obtain super-amphiphobic coating; and 5) stirring the super-amphiphobic coating uniformly, spray-coating the surface of an object with the super-amphiphobic coating and drying at room temperature for 10 to 30 minutes to successfully prepare the wear-resistant integrated super-amphiphobic coating. The wear-resistant super-amphiphobic organic-inorganic hybrid coating is obtained by connecting a fluorine-silicon substrate and the blended modified particles through chemical grafting copolymerization reaction.

The invention discloses a method for preparing the hydrophobic nano titanium powder. Nano titanium dioxide is firstly conducted the inorganic surface processing in the liquid phase of the nano titanium water dispersion, and then is conducted the organic surface processing, and finally the nano titanium serum is filtered and washed until the electrical conductivity of the filtrate is less than 500 micro simens per centimeter, and is dried and crashed to get the hydrophobic nano titanium dioxide powder. The invention integrates the inorganic and the organic surface processing of the nano titanium dioxide, so that the surface nature of the nano titanium dioxide is changed, and the filtration speed of the nano titanium dioxide in the solid-liquid separation process is increased, and the loss rate of the nano titanium dioxide is reduced, and the craftwork flow process is short, and the operation is convenient and is easy to be controlled. The prepared nano titanium dioxide powder not only has good hydrophobic nature, but also has excellent light stability.

The invention belongs to a chemical additive, and relates to an anti-caking additive with slow release effect. The anti-caking additive with slow release effect is mainly characterized in that organicmodifiers with a certain weight percentages such as hydrocarbon compounds, grease and the like are evenly mixed with powdered materials such as calcium silicate and fly ash at a certain temperature by a wet method, and subject to dehydration, drying and crushed into a powder product, and the product is evenly added to various granulated chemical fertilizers for use, the product prevents chemicalfertilizers from caking after adding the product to the fertilizers in package and storage. The anti-caking additive has slow release effect after fertilization, and enhances fertilizer efficiency. The anti-caking additives has advantages of no toxic and side effect, no pollution, low cost, less usage and better anti-caking performance compared with other like products and has certain slow releaseeffect on the fertilizers. The anti-caking additive is also applicable to anti-caking for other grain products.

A change in the surface properties of apparatus for pharmaceutical preparation results from steam sterilization. This change may be avoided by the use of apparatus with more hydrophilic post-sterilization surfaces, e.g. those of gold. Hence there is provided a process for the preparation of a mixture comprising a discontinuous phase in a continuous phase which comprises using a mixing apparatus having a non-porous mixing surface which is repellant to the discontinuous phase and / or attractive to the continuous phase when the continuous phase is liquid or which is attractive to the discontinuous phase when the continuous phase is gaseous, whereby to improve the efficacy of the preparation of said mixture and / or to reduce physical degradation of said mixing surface, said surface if hydrophilic being more hydrophilic after sterilization than is stainless steel and if hydrophobic being more hydrophobic after sterilization than is stainless steel.

The invention relates to a digital PCR chip based on surfactant modified PDMS, a preparation method and application. The digital PCR chip is characterized in that the digital PCR chip is a PDMS digital PCR array chip prepared by a PDMS material doped by a certain amount of a surfactant; sampling and distributing processes are realized by means of a high air dissolution characteristic of the pre-degassing thin type PDMS chip, and a sandwiched structure of glass-modified PDMS-glass is prepared to inhibit water volatilization. According to a design method of the chip, electrostatic adsorption of PDMS on biological molecules is reduced, and the stability and the volatility resistance of liquid drops are effectively improved, so that the amplification efficiency of PCR is improved. Moreover, compared with a reported digital PCR chip at present, the digital PCR chip is low in cost, simple to operate and quite wide in application prospect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of nanometer materials and particularly relates to a heteroatom doped leaf-shaped carbon nanometer aerogel material and a preparation method and an application of the heteroatom doped leaf-shaped carbon nanometer aerogel material. The carbon nanometer leaf is a biomimetic concept, a carbon nanometer tube is used for simulating the leaf vein of the leaf, a graphene nanoribbon is used for simulating the leaf, and the carbon nanometer leaf is a seamless bridged hybrid structure of the carbon nanometer tube and the grapheme nanoribbon. The aerogel is assembled by adopting the carbon nanometer leaves as basic structural units, and then a heteroatom doped three-dimensional net structure is realized. The preparation method of the aerogel comprises the following steps: preparing a carbon nanometer leaf solution, adding moderate amount of soluble dopants to the solution, and then carrying out hydrothermal to obtain uniform hydrogel, and then drying and charring to obtain the heteroatom doped carbon nanometer leaf aerogel. The aerogel can be used as a cathode catalyst of the fuel cell, and has a catalytic performance better than that of the commercial Pt / C and the potential application prospect.

The invention discloses catalytic cracking anti-coke income-increasing auxiliary agent which is used for catalytic cracking (FCC) devices and is prepared by following components according to the proportion by weight: disperser 5-15%, thermal cracking active agent 5-20%, free radical chain reaction depressor 5-25%, metal passivator 15-60% and dissolvent 25-65%. The invention is oil soluble auxiliary agent and has good compatibility with catalytic cracking mediums, the slag inserting rate of the FCC devices can be increased after the auxiliary agent is added, the light oil yield is increased, and the coke yielding rate is reduced.

This invention discloses an ion-plating method for modification of stainless steel bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The method comprises: pretreating a stainless steel bipolar plate by cleaning and drying, placing in the vacuum chamber of an arc ion-plating apparatus, vacuumizing, ion-sputtering to clean, depositing a thin film, and performing post treatment. The thin film deposition process comprises: starting cathode arc, regulating arc current, applying bias, introducing reactive gas, and depositing modification thin film on the surface of the bipolar plate. The stainless steel bipolar plate modified by the method has such advantages as high abrasion resistance, high electric conductivity, high strength and high hydrophobicity, and can satisfy the long-term running requirement in proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

The present invention relates to a recovery technological process of car and electronic wastes and its recovery system. Said system includes removing equipment, breaking equipment, sorting equipment, plastics regeneration treatment equipment and metal component deep-processing equipment. Said plastics regeneration treatment equipment includes oxidation device, granular material drying device, mixing device and granulating machine. Besides, said invention also includes a data processing equipment, including data base, memory, analysis module and comparison and operation module, etc.

A method of making a polymer coating on a microstructured substrate. The method may be performed by vaporizing a liquid monomer or other pre-polymer composition and condensing the vaporized material onto a microstructured substrate, followed by curing. The resulting article may possess a coating that preserves the underlying microstructural feature profile. Such a profile-preserving polymer coating can be used to change or enhance the surface properties of the microstructured substrate while maintaining the function of the structure.

The invention relates to easy-to-clean fluorocarbon paint and a preparation method thereof. The fluorocarbon paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of fluorocarbon resin, 10-20 parts of crosslinking resin, 5-20 parts of a mixed solvent, 3-30 parts of a pigment, 0-5 parts of extinction powder, 0-1 part of a flatting agent, 0-1 part of a foam killer and 0-1 part of a dispersant. The fluorocarbon resin with low interface energy is mainly adopted for crosslinking and solidifying with the crosslinking resin, and the characteristic that fluorine-containing side chains can be centralized on a coating surface after film forming is utilized to give the role of fluorine atoms into play to the utmost extent, so that the surface performance of a copolymer is effectively changed to form a hydrophobic-oleophobic group, and accordingly, the effects of water resistance, oil repellency, rust prevention and the like are achieved. Compared with the prior art, the fluorocarbon paint provided by the invention is excellent in easy-to-clean performance, the paint film is smooth and even in appearance and sound in color, and the light and color maintenance properties are good.

A method for making particles coated with a diamond-like network, which can include additive components. The method comprises subjecting a multiplicity of particles to a carbon-based plasma in an evacuated radio frequency powered capacitively coupled reactor system in which ion sheaths are formed around the electrodes and wherein the particles are agitated in such a manner as to expose their surfaces to the reactive species in the plasma while keeping the particles substantially within an ion sheath.The advantages of the present invention include (i) the efficient deposition of DLN onto particles at high deposition rates, (ii) the deposition of densely-packed DLN coatings, (iii) the ability to perform in situ surface cleaning of particles by ion bombardment with oxygen- and argon-containing plasmas prior to deposition of DLN, and (iv) the ability to tailor the bulk and surface properties of the coatings by manipulating the composition of the coating and the intensity of ion bombardment during the coating process.

The present invention is the preparation process of composite inorganic flame retardant with nanometer attapulgite clay core and coating of Mg, Al, Sb, etc. The preparation process of the composite inorganic flame retardant includes the following steps: compounding water suspension of nanometer attapulgite clay with solid content of 10-200g / L; heating to 40-100 deg.c and coating the nanometer attapulgite clay with inorganic material Al2O3 hydrate, MgO hydrate, antimony oxide hydrate, ZnO hydrate and / or zinc borate via stirring; letting stand for the coated nanometer attapulgite clay to deposit; solid-liquid separation; filtering, washing, drying at 80-150 deg.c and crushing to obtain the composite inorganic flame retardant. The composite inorganic flame retardant of nanometer attapulgite clay has both flame retarding and excellent reinforcing effects.

The invention discloses a preparation method for a flexible self-supporting porous carbon nanofiber electrode and an application of the flexible self-supporting porous carbon nanofiber electrode in asodium ion battery. The nanofiber electrode is prepared by dissolving different high polymers into organic solution as core / shell layer spinning solution and carrying out a coaxial electrostatic spinning method. The preparation method has the advantages that the raw material cost is low, the technology is simple, and the sulfur-doped, nitrogen-doped or nitrogen and sulfur co-doped flexible self-supporting electrode can be prepared efficiently. The flexible self-supporting pure carbon nanofiber electrode prepared by the method is taken as a sodium ion battery anode material, and the sodium ionbattery has the advantages of high specific capacity and high cycling stability. The electrode has high flexibility, so the possibility of applying the electrode to a flexible device is provided. Thepreparation cost is low, so the electrode is applicable to large-scale development and application of the sodium ion battery.

The invention provides a sludge deep dehydration method comprising the following steps: adding 1-10%, based on the dry weight of sludge slurry, of a free radical production into the sludge slurry, and stirring to mix; adding a transition metal salt activator, a magnesium salt activator and / or an aluminum salt activator to the sludge slurry containing the free radical production, carrying out an activation reaction to form active free radicals, and treating by the active free radicals to obtain a conditioned sludge slurry; and dehydrating the conditioned sludge slurry. Through the sludge deep dehydration method, the active free radicals are produced by reacting the transition metal salt, the magnesium salt and / or the aluminum salt and the like with the free radical production, on one hand, can effectively destroy sludge extracellular polymeric substances, alter surface properties of sludge particles, improve the filtration performance of the sludge, and reduce the sludge bound water content; on the other hand, the active free radicals can active ions produced after the completion of the reaction, can be combined with sludge particles, can improve the strength of sludge flocs, are favorable to the sludge dehydration process, so as to realize the sludge deep dehydration.

A method for cleaning and / or altering an inside surface and shape of a tubular is disclosed. The method includes placing a surface finishing tool in the tubular, energizing the surface finishing tool, and causing extendable assemblies therein to extend radially to contact an inside diameter of the tubular. Moving the surface finishing tool axially and / or rotationally while the extended members are in contact with the inside diameter of the tubular cleans debris from the inside surface of the tubular. In another aspect of the invention, the tool burnishes the inside diameter of the tubular, thereby altering the surface characteristics and rounding the tubular.