The invention relates to a rare earth separation method with the material linkage cyclic utilization function. The rare earth separation method comprises the following steps: the organic phase of loaded rare earth prepared by extractant A and rare earth soap stock through mixing is used for the follow-up linkage extraction separation, and inorganic acid in the residual water phase is extracted and concentrated by extractant C and is then reused for material dissolving or recovering rare earth with oxalic acid precipitated therein; purified rare earth solution is subjected to extraction separation, the rare earth is precipitated through oxalic acid, sediment mother solution containing oxalic acid and inorganic acid is mixed with extractant B, the oxalic acid is extracted to be reused for precipitating rare earth, and the residual inorganic acid is directly used for washing and back extraction processes or is used for material dissolving after being concentrated by the extractant C. With the rare earth separation method provided by the invention, intermediate materials generated in the rare earth separation process can be recycled in process sections in a linkage manner, the alkali saponification process is avoided, and the material dissolving, washing and back extraction processes can be finished only by the recycled inorganic acid, so that the rare earth separation and purification process disclosed by the invention does not consume alkaline and inorganic acid, the cost is low, and the rare earth separation method is green and environmental-friendly.