The invention relates to an anode active material, a preparation method of the anode active material, high-performance anode slurry containing the anode active material, and an all-solid-state lithium ion battery. The anode active material is a nickel-rich type core-shell structure particle or a nickel-rich type core-shell structure particle coated with an inorganic compound coating layer at the surface; an inner core of the nickel-rich type core-shell structure particle is LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2; the shell is nickel cobalt lithium aluminate. The invention also provides the high-performance anode slurry, which comprises the anode active material, a composite conductive agent, a composite bonding agent, an additive and an organic solvent, wherein the additive is sulfide solid electrolyte; the anode slurry is used for preparing an anode plate consisting of an anode current collector, an anode slurry layer and a modification layer; the anode plate, the sulfide solid electrolyte and a cathode plate are assembled into the all-solid-state lithium ion battery. The all-solid-state lithium ion battery has the prominent advantages of high mass specific energy, high volumetric specific energy, good rate capability, good cycle performance, high safety and the like, and has wide application prospects.