248results about How to "Lower energy barrier" patented technology

Interfaces between layers in a light emitting element are eliminated by using a light emitting element with a mixed region including a hole transporting material and an electron transporting material The light emitting element may further comprise a region with a dopant. By using this light emitting element, an organic luminescent element of low power consumption and long life is achieved, and the light emitting element can be used to manufacture a luminescent device and an electric appliance.

A gas-phase method for producing high yields of single-wall carbon nanotubes with high purity and homogeneity is disclosed. The method involves using preformed metal catalyst clusters to initiate and grow single-wall carbon nanotubes. In one embodiment, multi-metallic catalyst precursors are used to facilitate the metal catalyst cluster formation. The catalyst clusters are grown to the desired size before mixing with a carbon-containing feedstock at a temperature and pressure sufficient to initiate and form single-wall carbon nanotubes. The method also involves using small fullerenes and preformed sections of single-wall carbon nanotubes, either derivatized or underivatized, as seed molecules for expediting the growth and increasing the yield of single-wall carbon nanotubes. The multi-metallic catalyst precursors and the seed molecules may be introduced into the reactor by means of a supercritical fluid. In addition the seed molecules may be introduced into the reactor via an aerosol or smoke.

The invention relates to a writable magnetic element comprising a stack of layers presenting a write magnetic layer, wherein the stack has a central layer of at least one magnetic material presenting a direction of magnetization that is perpendicular to the plane of the central layer, said central layer being sandwiched between first and second outer layers of non-magnetic materials, the first outer layer comprising a first non-magnetic material and the second outer layer comprising a second non-magnetic material that is different from the first non-magnetic material, at least the second non-magnetic material being electrically conductive, and wherein it includes a device for causing current to flow through the second outer layer in a current flow direction parallel to the plane of the central layer, and a device for applying a magnetic field along a magnetic field direction that is perpendicular to the plane of the central layer.

A solid-state quantum computing qubit includes a multi-terminal junction coupled to a superconducting loop where the superconducting loop introduces a phase shift to the superconducting order parameter. The ground state of the supercurrent in the superconducting loop and multi-terminal junction is doubly degenerate, with two supercurrent ground states having distinct magnetic moments. These quantum states of the supercurrents in the superconducting loop create qubits for quantum computing. The quantum states can be initialized by applying transport currents to the external leads. Arbitrary single qubit operations may be performed by varying the transport current and / or an externally applied magnetic field. Read-out may be performed using direct measurement of the magnetic moment of the qubit state, or alternatively, radio-frequency single electron transistor electrometers can be used as read-out devices when determining a result of the quantum computing. Further, qubits as described above can form arrays of qubits for performing controlled quantum computing calculations. In one example, an array of qubits can be utilized as a random number generator.

A laminated solar battery based on a perovskite battery and an HIT battery comprises a back metal electrode; the HIT battery which is manufactured on the back metal electrode; an ITO connection layer which is manufactured on the HIT battery; an electron transporting layer which is manufactured on the ITO connection layer; a perovskite active absorption layer which is manufactured on the electron transporting layer; a hole transporting layer which is manufactured on the perovskite active absorption layer; an interface modification layer which is manufactured on the hole transporting layer; a light facing surface transparent electrode which is manufactured on the interface modification layer; and a metal grid line electrode which is manufactured on the light facing surface transparent electrode, wherein the metal grid line electrode is located on the two sides of the center on the light facing surface transparent electrode. With the adoption of the laminated solar battery based on the perovskite battery and the HIT battery, the absorption spectrum can be expanded and light energy is converted into electric energy to the greatest extent, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar battery is improved.

Interfaces between layers in a light emitting element are eliminated by using a light emitting element with a mixed region comprising a hole transporting material and an electron transporting material. The light emitting element may further comprise a region with a dopant. By using this light emitting element, an organic luminescent element of low power consumption and long life is achieved, and the light emitting element can be used to manufacture a luminescent device and an electric appliance.

The present invention provides compositions and methods for the detection of nucleic acid sequences associated with chromosomal aberrations. The invention may, for example, eliminate the use of or reduce the dependence on formamide in hybridization. Compositions for use in the invention include an aqueous composition comprising at least one nucleic acid sequence and at least one polar aprotic solvent in an amount effective to denature double-stranded nucleotide sequences.

This invention provides method for sustained release delivery of structurally delicate agents such as proteins and peptides. Using unique emulsion system (Stable polymer aqueous-aqueous emulsion), proteins and peptides can be microencapsulated in polysacchride glassy particles under a condition free of any chemical or physical hazard such as organic solvents, strong interfacial tension, strong shears, elevated temperature, large amount of surfactants, and cross-linking agents. Proteins loaded in these glassy particles showed strong resistance to organic solvents, prolonged activity in hydrated state, and an excellent sustained release profile with minimal burst and incomplete release when being further loaded in degradable polymer microspheres. This invention provides a simple yet effective approach to address all the technical challenges raised in sustained release delivery of proteins.

A solid-state quantum computing qubit includes a multi-terminal junction coupled to a superconducting loop where the superconducting loop introduces a phase shift to the superconducting order parameter. The ground state of the supercurrent in the superconducting loop and multi-terminal junction is doubly degenerate, with two supercurrent ground states having distinct magnetic moments. These quantum states of the supercurrents in the superconducting loop create qubits for quantum computing. The quantum states can be initialized by applying transport currents to the external leads. Arbitrary single qubit operations may be performed by varying the transport current and / or an externally applied magnetic field. Read-out may be performed using direct measurement of the magnetic moment of the qubit state, or alternatively, radio-frequency single electron transistor electrometers can be used as read-out devices when determining a result of the quantum computing. Further, qubits as described above can form arrays of qubits for performing controlled quantum computing calculations. In one example, an array of qubits can be utilized as a random number generator.

The invention provides a quantum dot electroluminescence device. The quantum dot electroluminescence device comprises a substrate, an anode, hole transport layers, a quantum dot luminescence layer, an electron transport layer and a cathode, wherein the anode is arranged on the substrate; the hole transport layers are arranged on the anode; the quantum dot luminescence layer is arranged on the hole transport layers; the electron transport layer is arranged on the quantum dot electroluminescence layer; the cathode is arranged on the electron transport layer; and the hole transport layers are P-type doped hole transport layers and / or the electron transport layer is an N-type doped electron transport layer. The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the quantum dot electroluminescence device. A gradient doping effect is formed in the hole transport layers, different band bending degrees of an interface are caused, a ladder energy level is formed, namely HOMO energy level is gradually increased from the anode to the quantum dot luminescence layer in sequence, and then the energy barrier of holes from the injection of the anode to the quantum dot luminescence layer is reduced, so that the luminescence efficiency of the device is improved.

The invention relates to modified T7-related RNA polymerases and methods of use thereof. In some embodiments, the invention relates to modified T7-related RNA polymerases that transcribe RNA with reduced abortive cycling and increased efficiency compared with native T7-related RNA polymerases.

According to example embodiments, an electrode structure includes a graphene layer on a semiconductor layer and an electrode containing metal on the graphene layer. A field effect transistor (FET) may include the electrode structure.