A preparation method of bio-based water-based UV curing environment-friendly nail polish, by weighing 30-50% of bio-based water-based UV curing environment-friendly nail polish resin, 5-10% of deionized water, 40-60% of pigment, moistening Wet dispersant 0.1-0.5%, leveling agent 0.1-0.5%, defoamer 0.2-0.5% and thickener 1.0-2.0%; add pigment, wetting and dispersing agent, leveling agent, defoamer to the ball mill Grind with deionized water to obtain color paste a; add bio-based water-based UV curing environmentally friendly nail polish resin to color paste a, add thickener after high-speed stirring, and filter through a 200-mesh filter to obtain bio-based water-based UV curing environmental protection nail polish. The nail polish prepared by the invention has the characteristics of fast curing speed, good transparency, storage stability, high gloss, good adhesion, etc. The method of the invention is green, environmentally friendly, non-toxic and tasteless, and reduces product cost.