The invention relates to a judging method of the
solid insulating and aging degrees of a
transformer, which sequentially comprises the following steps of: 1. preparing a gradient concentration
standard solution of a
furfural solution, carrying out liquid chromatographic detection, and making a
standard curve I; 2. taking insulating paper samples in an actual
electric network transformer, carrying out the liquid chromatographic detection, and obtaining the
furfural concentration in each sample according to the
standard curve I; 3. respectively measuring the
water content H thereof by adopting the insulating paper samples in the step 2, computing the dry paper concentration C, additionally sampling, measuring the specific
viscosity thereof, and computing the
polymerization degree of the insulating paper samples according to a Martin
empirical formula; 4. making a
standard curve II by using the
polymerization degree of insulating paper as an abscissa and using the logarithm of the
furfural concentration as an ordinate; and 5. measuring the furfural concentration for an unknown sample, obtaining the
polymerization degree of the insulating paper according to the standard curve II in the step 4, and judging the
solid insulating and aging degrees of the
transformer according to an IEC60450 standard. The method only needs to extract proper oil samples, has simple operation, does not need power failure, and is a quite practical method.