2128 results about "Spectral line" patented technology

A method of music notation with 7 spaces for the notes of the C major scale, with the remaining notes of the 12 tone scale overlapping these spaces. 5 staff lines per octave can be used to show the position of the accidental notes. Distinct colors are assigned to the 12 notes of the scale. Two distinct groups of colors are used, one for coloring the C major notes, the other for coloring the remaining 5 notes of the scale. The spaces representing Cs are marked with a colored shape at the left of the staff and shaded horizontally across the page. The notes are shapes whose width is proportional to their durations. Aids are placed above and below the staff to indicate hand and finger movements. Assembly kits with visual aids are provided. The colors can be used on conventional notation.

An element-specific imaging technique utilizes the element-specific fluorescence X-rays that are induced by primary ionizing radiation. The fluorescence X-rays from an element of interest are then preferentially imaged onto a detector using an optical train. The preferential imaging of the optical train is achieved using a chromatic lens in a suitably configured imaging system. A zone plate is an example of such a chromatic lens; its focal length is inversely proportional to the X-ray wavelength. Enhancement of preferential imaging of a given element in the test sample can be obtained if the zone plate lens itself is made of a compound containing substantially the same element. For example, when imaging copper using the Cu La spectral line, a copper zone plate lens is used. This enhances the preferential imaging of the zone plate lens because its diffraction efficiency (percent of incident energy diffracted into the focus) changes rapidly near an absorption line and can be made to peak at the X-ray fluorescence line of the element from which it is fabricated. In another embodiment, a spectral filter, such as a multilayer optic or crystal, is used in the optical train to achieve preferential imaging in a fluorescence microscope employing either a chromatic or an achromatic lens.

A synthetic single crystal diamond material comprising: a first region of synthetic single crystal diamond material comprising a plurality of electron donor defects; a second region of synthetic single crystal diamond material comprising a plurality of quantum spin defects; and a third region of synthetic single crystal diamond material disposed between the first and second regions such that the first and second regions are spaced apart by the third region, wherein the second and third regions of synthetic single crystal diamond material have a lower concentration of electron donor defects than the first region of synthetic single crystal diamond material, and wherein the first and second regions are spaced apart by a distance in a range 10 nm to 100 μm which is sufficiently close to allow electrons to be donated from the first region of synthetic single crystal diamond material to the second region of synthetic single crystal diamond material thus forming negatively charged quantum spin defects in the second region of synthetic single crystal diamond material and positively charged defects in the first region of synthetic single crystal diamond material while being sufficiently far apart to reduce other coupling interactions between the first and second regions which would otherwise unduly reduce the decoherence time of the plurality of quantum spin defects and / or produce strain broaden of a spectral line width of the plurality of quantum spin defects in the second region of synthetic single crystal diamond material.

The invention discloses a method for detecting frequency domain constant false alarm of a vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave anti-collision radar system, which belongs to the field of processing automotive anti-collision radar signals. The method comprises the following steps: when targets are located at the front of the anti-collision radar system, dividing the sampling data of the return signals which are pre-processed through a DSP (digital signal processor) module in the system into a frequency modulation ascending section and a frequency modulation descending section, and then storing the sampling data to an RAM (random access memory); conducting FFT (fast fourier transformation) template on the storage data, and then conducting the frequency domain constant false alarm detection on the obtained peak value points of a frequency spectrum based on order statistics, thus detecting the spectral lines of the effective targets from the signal frequency spectrum which contains noise waves; removing false targets by using the noise wave pairs; finally calculating the speed, the distance and the phase angle information of the targets according to the matched frequency spectrum information for analyzing and early warning of the system. According to the method in the invention, the false alarm rate of the detection of the anti-collision radar system is reduced effectively and the real time property and the effectiveness of the system are improved.

The system comprises: a baseband signal sequence generator for generating baseband signal sequence; a power control unit for respectively multiplying the baseband signal sequences by different coefficients in order to make the power of discrete spectrum line corresponding to one part of the baseband signal sequence to be as zero, and make the discrete spectrum line corresponding to another part of the discrete spectrum to be as single-frequency pilot frequency; a multiplexing unit for multiplexing the baseband signal sequence outputted from power control unit into one route of data transmitted to the random frequency hopping unit; a random frequency hopping unit for randomly changing the frequency spectrum position of single-frequency pilot frequency in synchronous channel of each frame; and a synchronous pilot frequency generating unit for generating synchronous pilot frequency sequence according to the data after random frequency hopping.

The invention relates to an automatic separator of coal gangue, which comprises a raw material feeding copper, a coal receiving copper, a gangue receiving copper, a conveying-belt conveyor, an identification and separation controlling mechanism and an executing mechanism, wherein the conveying-belt conveyer is arranged among the raw material feeding copper, the coal receiving copper and the gangue receiving copper; the identification and separation controlling mechanism comprises a single-energy gamma ray source, an X-ray sensor, a measure and control instrument and an ultrasonic transmitter-receiver; the single-energy gamma ray source is arranged below a conveying belt, the X-ray sensor is arranged above the conveying belt and corresponds to the single-energy gamma ray source, the measure and control instrument is electrically connected with the X-ray sensor, and the ultrasonic transmitter-receiver is arranged above the conveying belt and electrically connected with the measure and control instrument; the executing mechanism is a high-frequency air valve arranged above the coal receiving copper and the gangue receiving copper; and the valve port of the high-frequency air valve isarranged towards a throwing track of coal and gangue. As the single-energy gamma ray source is adopted, only one nuclear radiation material exists, and only one spectral line is radiated, the mutualinterference among a plurality of spectral lines can not be generated; and the invention has accurate measurement and good separation effect.

A method of automatically detecting a rolling-element bearing fault in a rotating machine is provided. The method includes receiving, from at least one sensor, a sensor signal that includes at least one frequency, converting the sensor signal to a digital vibration signal, modifying the vibration signal to generate an envelope signal, and applying a transform to the enveloped signal to generate an envelope spectrum. The method uses certain relationships among envelope spectral line amplitudes and their harmonics to detect bearing faults. As such, the method detects a bearing fault without reference to predefined fault frequencies. Systems for implementing the method are also provided.

The invention provides a multifunctional aerogel material for blood component protection and a preparation method of the multifunctional aerogel material. Gellan gum, hyaluronic acid, Pullulan, Lubrajel CG andpoly(gamma-glutamic acid), derivatives or a mixture thereof are taken as a skeleton to act with a novellight-sensitive material, aerogel or a precursor for preparation of the ready-to-useaerogel material, and then multifunctional ready-to-useaerogel composite is prepared from the ready-to-useaerogel material as well as raw materials includingglucose, a novel solvent, a novel fixing agent, a buffering agent, a stabilizer, a novel preservative, a surfactant, a high-molecular compound, essential oil, an antioxidant and the likewith a three-spectral-line high-energy photocuring method by utilizing a high polymer material such as hyaluronic acid and the like as the skeleton. The material has the characteristics of being convenient to use, green, environment-friendly and the like, the whole blood component treated with the material keeps good cellular morphology, is stored for a long time, reducesbatch-to-batch difference and is an ideal additive for a whole blood controlling product and other products, and the material can also be applied to collection, storage and transfer of tissue cells as well as fields of cosmetics, food, drugs and the like.

The invention discloses an infrared cavity ring-down spectroscopy trace gas detection method based on quantum cascade laser; comprising the following steps: using a tunable quantum cascade laser as alight source, and selecting measuring waveband and wavelength scan step length aiming at spectrum line characteristic of the gas to be detected; respectively measuring the cavity ring-down time of each wavelength in the cavity with absorption or without absorption by cavity ring-down technique, and calculating the gas absorption coefficient of corresponding wavelength so as to obtain a relation curve that is an absorption spectrogram of the measured gas absorption coefficient and toned laser wavelength. The spectrogram is contrasted with spectrum line characteristic of corresponding gas in HITRAN database, thereby being capable of analyzing and determining weather the measured gas contains the predetermined gas component; the absolute concentration of the gas to be measured can be calculated and obtained and the absolute concentration of the gas to be measured can be measured through scaling measurement by using absorption peak wavelength of the absorption spectrum as the best detection wavelength and the relation among the gas absorption coefficient of the wavelength, the absorption cross section and concentration. The method has high measuring sensitivity and high property of resisting interference so that the fast and exact on-line analysis and detection of multiple trace gases are easily realized.

A multi-line tunable laser system, which uses lasers as light sources to illuminate, identify and or quantify one or more targets based on multi-dimensional spectral characteristics of each target. The system includes a plurality of laser sources, each tunable to emit an electromagnetic wave, and at least one tuning controller for tuning and locking each beam of light to a wavelength of required spectral line-width. The system also includes a transmitter for transmitting each beam of light to illuminate one or more targets, and a receiver for receiving light returning from the targets and converting the returned light to electrical signals for identifying and or quantifying the targets. The system further includes N tunable lasers where, M of the N lasers are each tuned to a wavelength that is partially absorbed by the targets, and L of the N (one or more) of the lasers are each tuned to a wavelength that is absorption-free of the targets.

The invention provides a light distribution optimization method for two-dimensional reconstruction of a combustion flow field by combining a tunable semiconductor laser absorption spectrum technology and a computed tomography technology. The method comprises the following steps: a light matrix calculation step, a combustion flow field reconstruction step and a light distribution optimization step and particularly comprises the following steps: step 1, discretizing a region to be tested; pre-setting a light space distribution manner and calculating the length of light penetrating through the discretized region to obtain a light distribution matrix; step 2, selecting a suitable absorption spectrum line and calculating a light projection result of an initial gas distribution model; reconstructing temperatures and concentrations of the tested flow field by using an algebra iterative algorithm and calculating a reconstruction error and a standard deviation; and step 3, wholly searching by using a self-adaption simulated annealing method to obtain an optimal light distribution range and partially searching by using a sequential quadratic programming method to obtain optimal light distribution.

One object of the invention is to provide a display device that can display an image which causes a viewer less strain associated with viewing and gives a viewer a sense of great depth and an electronic device for enjoying the image. The present inventors have focused on a sense of depth obtained by monocular viewing and have conceived a display device in which pixels each include a light-emitting module capable of emitting light having a spectral line half-width of less than or equal to 60 nm in a response time of less than or equal to 100 μs and are provided at a resolution of higher than or equal to 80 ppi; the NTSC ratio is higher than or equal to 80%; and the contrast ratio is higher than or equal to 500.

The invention provides a whispering gallery mode photonic device and a preparation method thereof. According to the preparation method of a micro ring array structure, solvent droplets are utilized to dissolve a polymer film, so that a "coffee ring effect" can be generated, and therefore, polymer can be accumulated at the periphery of liquid so as to form an annular structure of which the height is obviously different from the height of the film, and conduction and confinement of light in the polymer structure can be realized; and light signals are inputted to the micron ring structure through utilizing excitation, scattering or near field coupling modes, so that a resonance effect in a whispering gallery mode can be realized. The prepared micron ring structure can be adopted as a high-quality factor optical micro cavity, so that a modulation-mode spectrum can be obtained, the width of spectral lines of the spectrum being significantly narrowed; a whispering gallery-mode light amplification stimulated emission can be realized through optical gain; and in a multi-ring coupled array structure, light signal processing and high sensitive response to outside stimuli can be realized according to the wavelength change information of the modulated spectrum and laser modes.

The invention relates to a low-resolution gamma energy spectrum inversion analysis process and method based on a Monte Carlo response matrix. The analysis process comprises the steps of detecting an instrument spectrum, constructing a geometric model of a detector, simulating a response function of the detector, extracting feature parameters of the response function, generating the Monte Carlo response matrix, and performing inversion analysis, and is specifically implemented by constructing the geometric model of the detector according to a physical process for forming the instrument spectrum, simulating the response function of an NaI(Tl) flashing detector to gamma photons by a Monte Carlo method, determining the feature parameters of the response function, constructing the Monte Carlo response matrix between a radiation source and a gamma spectrum by an interpolation algorithm, and realizing the inversion analysis on gamma instrument spectrums of other tested samples under the response matrix by a Gold or Boosted-Gold algorithm. By the application of the analysis method disclosed by the invention, the complicated processing procedures such as spectrum smoothing, peak searching and overlapped peak separation are omitted; an analysis result is a solution of a spectral line which is close to a theoretical physical spectral line under the response matrix; the spectral line analysis capacity is improved.

A system and method for measuring elemental concentrations of a material from a sample containing several elements by LIBS analysis. The material is heated to generate plasma and its chemical composition is determined from spectral analysis of its radiation. The spectral lines of interest are identified among those emitted by the constituents of each element composing sample. The intensities of the spectral lined identified are measured. From an estimate of temperature, electron density and relative concentration values, the chemical composition of the plasma is calculated. The absorption coefficient according to wavelength is calculated for the spectral zones of the lines of interest. From an estimate of the plasma width, the spectral radiance of the plasma is calculated for the same spectral zones and then a comparison of the intensity and shape of the spectrum thus calculated with those of the spectrum measured is performed. These calculations and this comparison are repeated iteratively in order to adjust the temperature, electron density, relative values of the elemental concentrations and width of the plasma.

Apparatus and system for transmitting and receiving optical code division multiple access data over an optical network. The apparatus comprises a spectral phase decoder for decoding the encoded optical signal to produce a decoded signal, a time gate for temporally extracting a user signal from the decoded signal, and a demodulator that is operable to extract user data from the user signal. The system preferably comprises a source for generating a sequence of optical pulses, each optical pulse comprising a plurality of spectral lines uniformly spaced in frequency so as to define a frequency bin, a data modulator associated with a subscriber and operable to modulate the sequence of pulses using subscriber data to produce a modulated data signals and a Hadamard encoder associated with the data modulator and operable to spectrally encode the modulated data signal to produce an encoded data signal.

The invention discloses a trace gas detection device and a trace gas detection method based on an intermediate infrared quantum cascade laser direct absorption spectrum method. A tunable quantum cascade laser serves as a light source, and concentration information of gas molecules to be measured is acquired by utilizing fundamental frequency fingerprint absorption characteristics of the gas molecules in an intermediate infrared wave band; the measured result is slightly influenced by light-intensity variation of the laser and has higher signal to noise ratio and certain anti-jamming capability by utilizing a direct absorption spectrum technology; and whether the measured gas contain expected gas components can be analyzed and determined by contrasting the measured spectrum with spectral line characteristics of corresponding gas in a HITRAN database, and concentration inversion is performed by utilizing spectral line parameters provided by the HITRAN database. The system is simple and compact in structure and convenient to use and maintain, has the characteristics of high measuring sensitivity, high accuracy and high response speed, can rapidly and accurately analyze and detect a plurality of trace gases and isotope ratios on line, and can be used for indicating and rapidly and accurately positioning intermediate infrared light spots.

The invention discloses a combination machining method for removing high-frequency errors in optical elements. The combination machining method includes measuring surface shape errors of an optical element to be machined by an interferometer, carrying out PSD (power spectral density) analysis, and determining distribution characteristics of the medium and high-frequency errors on the basis of a DSD curve; acquiring an optimized removal function model according to predetermined machining time and machining precision, and acquiring an amplitude spectral line of a removal function; acquiring cut-off frequency of the removal function according to the amplitude spectral line; machining by a magneto-rheological finishing process if correctable medium and high-frequency errors with the frequency lower than the cut-off frequency exist according to the frequency distribution of the medium and high-frequency errors; and machining by a computer controlled optical surfacing process if uncorrectable medium and high-frequency errors with the frequency higher than the cut-off frequency exist according to the frequency distribution of the medium and high-frequency errors. By the combination machining method, technical advantages of MRF (magneto-rheological finishing) and technical advantages of CCOS (computer controlled optical surfacing) can be sufficiently combined, efficient uniform convergence of all-band errors of the optical element can be realized, and performance of the optical element is effectively improved.

The invention discloses a coal quality characteristic analysis method based on combination of dominant factors and a partial least square method, and belongs to the technical field of atomic emission spectroscopy. According to the method, modeling is carried out based on a physical background of coal quality characteristics. The method comprises two steps of partial least square fitting processes. In the first partial least square fitting process, characteristic lines in a spectrum relative to coal quality characteristics are used as inputs, and a nonlinear dominant factor model is established for describing a physical relationship between coal quality characteristics and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. In the second partial least square fitting process, dominant factor residuals are corrected by using all spectral line intensity information of the spectrum. Compared with a traditional partial least square model, with the method provided by the invention, model calibration and prediction precisions are improved.

The invention provides a linear frequency modulation continuous wave radar distance measuring method. According to the method, a discrete Fourier frequency spectrum curve of an intermediate frequency signal is fitted through interpolation to find out a frequency value corresponding to a spectral line number with th maximum value on the frequency spectrum; the frequency value is much closer to the theoretical frequency value. Accordingly, the method is capable of reducing error caused by picket fence effect and greatly improving precision of FMCW (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) distance measurement. In addition, the method is capable of mainly concentrating white noise frequency spectrum curves, which are distributed evenly, in a high frequency band through discrete Fourier transform; the frequency of middle-band signal is in a low-frequency band; a frequency spectrum of a high-frequency band has less influence on the frequency spectrum of the low-frequency band, so that the method does not have great influence on calculation precision under a certain noise influence, thus ensuring the reliability of the calculation result.

The invention discloses a method for detecting harmonic waves of an electric system based on window and interpolated FFT. The method comprises the following steps of obtaining sampling data of detected signals by an analog to digital converter, carrying out an operation of adding Hanning window FFT on the sampling data, searching a peak and an adjacent secondary peak of a spectral line to obtain an interpolation coefficient of a fundamental wave, obtaining the interpolation coefficient of each level of harmonic wave by the interpolation coefficient of the fundamental wave, eliminating the interference of the fundamental wave frequency spectrum to the adjacent harmonic wave frequency spectrum to modify the spectral line of the harmonic wave, and finally obtaining the frequency, the amplitude value and the phase of the fundamental wave and each level of harmonic wave by an interpolation operation. The invention firstly puts forwards that a real spectral line of the harmonic wave can be obtained by eliminating the interference of the fundamental wave frequency spectrum to the adjacent harmonic wave frequency spectrum in the Hanning window FFT spectral line. The scheme of the invention has the advantages of providing the method for detecting the window interpolated FFT harmonic wave with a small calculation amount and high analyzing precision.

A dark portion in an image seen by a viewer is expressed more precisely, whereby the image given a greater sense of depth is displayed. A display device in which pixels each include a light-emitting module capable of emitting light having a spectral line half-width of less than or equal to 60 nm in a response time of less than or equal to 100 μs and are provided at a resolution of higher than or equal to 80 ppi; the NTSC ratio is higher than or equal to 80%; and the contrast ratio is higher than or equal to 500, is provided with a circuit converting an image signal having a given grayscale into an image signal capable of representing an image on the low luminance side by high-level grayscale.

The invention discloses a digital processing method of an altimeter of a linear frequency modulation continuous wave radar, which belongs to the field of the radio altimeters. The digital processing method comprises the following steps: step 1, obtaining beating signals from an orthogonal mixer arranged at the front end of the altimeter of the radar, and carrying out A / D (analog-to-digital) sampling to obtain a digital signal sequence; step 2, performing Fourier transform on the digital signal sequence, and calculating the amplitude of a spectral line; step 3, judging according to the amplitude of the spectral line of an amplitude spectrum, and measuring the beating frequency of the digital signal sequence; step 4, refining the frequency spectrum, calculating the slope correction of saw-tooth wave, and correcting the slope of the voltage signals of the saw-tooth wave; and step 5, calculating the high value of the current altimeter according to the slope of the voltage signals of the saw-tooth wave. The FFT-CZT method adopted by the invention is insensitive to noises and can perfectly work at lower signal-to-noise ratio, but the measurement precision is reduced. Because of having no limit on the properties of the targets, the digital processing method can be applied to the measurement and the analysis of point targets or surface targets.

The invention discloses a proximate analyzing method for coal quality base on multivariate linear regression, The invention is characterized in that a set of samples with known proximate analysis index values is used, plasma spectrum data is obtained by detection of a coal quality on-line analysis system of LIBS (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy), the proximate analysis of fire coal samples to be measured by a multivariate linear regression correlation of each proximate analysis index value are respectively established, the characteristic spectral line strength which has substantial contribution to proximate analysis index values is respectively introduced through the established multivariate linear regression correlation to obtain the proximate analysis results. According to the invention, the spectral line information of correlative elements which has substantial contribution to each proximate analysis index is comprehensively utilized, the process for analyzing the index by fire coal proximate analyzed by the LIBS can be simplified, and the speed and the accuracy of the quantitative analysis can be raised.

The invention relates to a method for pumping a rubidium bubble for outputting standard frequency by a lamp pump rubidium gas laser and a rubidium atomic clock. The method comprises the following steps of: adopting a filtered rubidium gas electrodeless lamp as a pumping light source for pumping a rubidium gas atom in an atom steam chamber, realizing distribution quantity conversion and then forming a lamp pump rubidium gas laser under the action of a laser resonant cavity; carrying out laser pumping on the rubidium bubble arranged in a microwave cavity by utilizing the lamp pump rubidium gas laser and detecting the transition probability of the pumped rubidium atom for generating transition by generating interaction with a microwave field in the microwave cavity by utilizing the lamp pump rubidium gas laser; and locking microwave frequency fed in the microwave cavity according to the detected transition probability and locking the microwave frequency fed in the microwave cavity on clock transition frequency of the atom. In the embodiment of the invention, because the frequency of the lamp pump rubidium gas laser still operates on a rubidium transition spectral line broadening spectrum in an unlocking state, even if the frequency of the lamp pump rubidium gas laser is unlocked, the lamp pump rubidium gas laser can be rapidly locked on needed laser frequency.

The invention discloses a continuous laser device spectral line width measurement device based on an optical frequency comb. The continuous laser device spectral line width measurement device is characterized by comprising an optical frequency comb control module, an optical frequency comb seed source, an optical frequency comb spectrum broadening module, a continuous laser generating source, an optical beam combining module, an optical frequency selecting filtering module, a beat frequency detecting module and a signal reading module. The spectrum of the precisely-controlled optical frequency comb is broadened, output light of the precisely-controlled optical frequency comb and output light of the continuous laser generating source together enter the optical beam combining module, the light spots of two outgoing laser beams coincide, and then the two laser beams together enter the optical frequency selecting filtering module, two laser beams obtained through filtering pass through the beat frequency detecting module, the sizes of light spots are changed through shaping, and the light spots are concentrated on a detector, beat frequency signals are obtained through coherent combination, and the output spectral width of the continuous lasers to be measured can be contained through the signal reading module. The continuous laser device spectral line width measurement device is stable in structure and high in practicability, the measurement process is rapid and simple, and the output spectral width of one or more wave length continuous lasers can be obtained in real time.

The invention relates to a Beidou signal capturing method in a weak signal environment. The method comprises the following steps: S1, arranging a down-conversion unit and carrying out down conversion processing on a received intermediate-frequency sampling signal; S2, carrying out NH code stripping on the received signal respectively, carrying out transformation into a frequency domain signal, carrying out multiplying with a multiplexing sum of a local code frequency domain value and then carrying out inverse transformation into a time domain; S3, carrying out conjugate multiplication on a coherent accumulation value at current time and a coherent accumulation value at previous time and carrying out summation; and S4, carrying out taylor series expansion on an amplitude difference value of two-side spectral lines of the peak value of the coherent integration result, deriving a quasi-linear relation of a frequency value and the amplitude difference value, and solving a frequency estimation value by using the linear relation. According to the invention, correlation calculation can be carried out on coherent values corresponding all code phases by one time; the signal to noise ratio is improved and the detection efficiency is improved; and the squaring loss of the non-coherent integration can be reduced. A problem of bit flipping caused by navigation data modulation can be solved, thereby improving the detection probability; the code phase and carrier wave frequency-offset estimation precision is enhanced; and the calculating speed and the calculating precision are guaranteed and the good stability and practicability are realized.