The invention discloses a high-voltage equipment box of a D-series high-speed train and the high-speed train provided with the high-voltage equipment box. The high-voltage equipment box comprises a box body and a incoming cable terminal, a lighting arrester, a to-transformer cable terminal, a high-voltage isolation switch, a to-other-compartment cable terminal, a vacuum circuit breaker and a high-voltage ground switch which are arranged in the box body, wherein the box body comprises a first side wall, a second side wall, a third side wall and a fourth side wall, the first side wall and the second side wall are opposite to each other, and the third side wall and the fourth side wall are opposite to each other. In the high-voltage equipment box disclosed by the scheme, a high-voltage part is arranged in the sealed box body, the influence of an external environment on product application is eliminated, the insulation capability is greatly improved, the serious problems that pollution flashover occurs in the high-voltage part on a roof caused by environmental factors such as wind, dust, rain, snow and haze when the high-voltage equipment box is originally arranged externally and even some parts are exploded are prevented, and a quality accident caused by environmental influence can be further effectively prevented.