446 results about "Reducing substances" patented technology

A smoking article having reduced ignition propensity is disclosed. The smoking article includes a tobacco column, a wrapper surrounding the tobacco column and a filter element. The wrapper has a base permeability, an untreated area and a least one discrete area treated with a composition to reducing the base permeability. The discretely treated area interacts with a coal of a burning tobacco firecone as it advances to self-extinguish the smoking article. The composition of the treated area includes a permeability reducing substance, a burn rate retarding substance and a burn rate accelerating substance. Either the burn rate retarding substance or the burn rate accelerating substance acts as an organoleptic enhancing substance. In this way a smoker's experience when smoking either the at least one treated area or the untreated area is substantially the same.

It is to provide a process for preparing a conductive material in which transparency and conductivity are both high, and storage stability is high, and further, in a process for preparing a conductive material utilizing ultra fine silver particles, to provide a process for preparing a conductive material having high conductivity without requiring a calcination step which has conventionally been required.

A process for preparing a conductive material having a conductive pattern containing silver on a support, which process for preparing a conductive material comprises acting at least one of the following mentioned (I) to (IV) on the pattern portion containing silver provided on the support:

• (I) a reducing substance,
• (II) a water-soluble phosphorus oxo acid compound,
• (III) a water-soluble halogen compound,
• (IV) warm water of 55° C. or higher.

According to the standard solution and the determination method of the present invention, in a case where a voltage is applied by a drive voltage of a measurement apparatus to an electrode portion of a biosensor comprising an electrode portion including a counter electrode and a measuring electrode formed on an insulating substrate, and a reagent layer which reacts with a sample solution supplied to the electrode portion, and a current value which flows at the application is measured, thereby determining a substrate contained in the sample solution, a reducing substance is contained in the standard solution used for controlling a precision of measurement of the measurement apparatus. Therefore, when the standard solution is measured, a large change occurs in a current waveform between time t0 and t1 shown in FIG. 6 due to the reducing substance, thereby discriminating whether the analyte liquid being measured is the standard solution or the sample solution and easily identifying the kind of analyte liquid.

The invention relates an amphiphilic polysaccharide-anti-tumor medicament conjugate capable of releasing medicines specifically at a lesion site of a living body, as well as a preparation method and application of a medicinal composition of the amphiphilic polysaccharide-anti-tumor medicament conjugate. In the conjugates, hydrophobic anti-tumor medicaments are introduced into a polysaccharide skeleton through a connecting arm which contains a disulfide bond, so that the polysaccharide-anti-tumor medicament conjugate has amphipathic characteristics and can be self-assembled into nano-micelles; the nano-micelles can load anti-tumor medicaments additionally and also can be directly used as conjugate pre-drug micelles. The amphiphilic polysaccharide-anti-tumor medicament conjugate is mainly characterized in that 1) after the nano-micelles reach the lesion site, the disulfide bond connecting arm of the conjugate can be specifically degraded by high-concentration reducing substances in lesion cells, so that the micelles are depolymerized and the medicament is released quickly, and therefore, the treatment effect is improved; 2) the anti-tumor medicament is chemically conjugated and physically coated to achieve a common treatment effect. The polysaccharide conjugate and the medicinal composition thereof can be used for injection, oral administration or external use administration; the anti-tumor activity can be improved remarkably; new ideas are provided for the development of anti-tumor medicaments.

A method and system for reducing stress corrosion cracking in a hot water system, such as a nuclear reactor, by reducing the electrochemical corrosion potential of components exposed to high temperature water within the structure. The method comprises the steps of: providing a reducing species to the high temperature water; and providing a plurality of noble metal nanoparticles having a mean particle size of up to about 100 nm to the high temperature water during operation of the hot water system. The catalytic nanoparticles, which may comprise at least one noble metal, form a colloidal suspension in the high temperature water and provide a catalytic surface on which a reducing species reacts with least one oxidizing species present in the high temperature water. The concentration of the oxidizing species is reduced by reaction with the reducing species on the catalytic surface, thereby reducing the electrochemical corrosion potential of the component.

The invention relates to the field of lithium ion secondary batteries, specifically relates to a microcapsule and a positive electrode material for a battery as well as preparation methods and application of the microcapsule and the positive electrode material. The microcapsule comprises 30-100 parts by weight of a core part and 10-110 parts by weight of a shell part, wherein the core part comprises a reducing substance and/or a flame retardant compound, the shell part is a macromolecule substance, the particle size of the microcapsule is 0.01-20 mum; the positive electrode material is prepared by blending and compounding the microcapsule and the basis positive electrode material. In a situation that internal temperature increase is out of control when the battery meets conditions such as acupuncture, over-charge, extrusion and fire, the microcapsule is molten and covers the surface of the positive electrode material, so that the volume resistivity of the material is enlarged; furthermore a reducing compound or a fire retardant compound is released, so that occurrence of the burning or explosion phenomenon caused by high temperature of the battery is reduced.

Provided a method for treating hardly-decomposable-substance-containing water, in which hardly decomposable substances such as dioxins, contained in contaminated water (treatment raw water) are concentrated and rendered harmless by providing the steps of (B) adding an adsorbent to water containing a hardly decomposable substance (treatment raw water) to cause the hardly decomposable substance to be adsorbed on the adsorbent (adsorption treatment step), (C) separating a permeated liquid through a filter membrane to concentrate the adsorbent adsorbing the hardly decomposable substance (membrane filtering treatment step), and (D) chemically decomposing the hardly decomposable substance adsorbed on the concentrated adsorbent with a peroxide without any operation of desorption from the adsorbent (chemical decomposition step), and the method can be applied to water containing a reducing substance such as bisulfate that neutralize free chlorine and can render the hardly decomposable substances harmless efficiently at a low cost without being limited by properties of the hardly decomposable substances contained.

The present invention provides a method of electrochemically measuring a hematocrit (Hct) value using a sensor, capable of achieving excellent measurement accuracy and reliability and also provides a sensor used in the method. The method of electrochemically measuring a hematocrit (Hct) value of blood include: providing an electrode system having a working electrode (11) and a counter electrode (12), in which a redox substance is provided on the counter electrode (12) but not on the working electrode (11); supplying blood to the electrode system; applying a voltage to the electrode system in this state to cause an oxidation current or a reduction current to flow between the working electrode (11) and the counter electrode (12); detecting the oxidation current or the reduction current; and determining a Hct value based on a value of the detected current.

The powder molding additive belongs to a compound additive mainly composed of inorganic substances. It is composed of dimensioning agent 1-99% (weight), forming agent (1-99% (weight) and reinforcing agent, tackifier, toughening agent, and combustion agent. The present invention can be used for carbon-containing powder .Using carbon-containing substances to reduce substances, or mixing powders of the two, can also be used in fertilizers, chemicals, daily chemicals and other industries. It has no smoke caused by starch and has certain water resistance. No matter at low temperature or high temperature, the produced The products have the required strength and their cost is low.

The invention discloses a functional composition with functions of controlling blood sugar and enhancing nutrition, which is prepared from main materials and a common carrier, wherein the main materials consist of functional sugars, composite vitamins, mineral substance, dietary fiber and high sweetener; and the functional sugars comprise L-arabinose and trehalose, the weight content of the L-arabinose is 10 to 80 percent, and the weight content of the trehalose is 10 to 50 percent. The functional composition uses two functional sugars as main sugar-reducing substances and is added with multiple composite vitamins, the mineral substance, the dietary fiber and the high sweetener, so the invention provides the functional composition with convenient use, good mouthfeel, safety, effectiveness and practicability of controlling blood sugar and enhancing nutrition for diabetes patients. The functional composition can well supplement nutrient substances required for the human body when the diabetes patients can feel relieved to enjoy a proper amount of sweet food.

The invention relates to a method preparing a copper catalyzer used for dimethyldichlorosilance synthetic reaction through a liquid phase ball-milling partial reduction method. The method includes the steps of taking copper oxide as raw material, adding solvent media containing reducing substances, enabling copper oxide particles to become small and achieve partial reduction through mechanical ball-milling, obtaining the copper-based catalyzer containing the ternary components of copper, cuprous oxide, copper oxide after suction filtration, drying and smashing, and obtaining the ternary copper catalyzer with adjustable components and controllable particles through adjusting the parameters of reducing agent types, concentration and ball-milling conditions. In catalytic reaction of organosilicone monomer synthesis, the catalyzer is high in catalytic activity and selectivity and helpful for improving the processing ability of an existing organosilicone monomer device, reduces production cost, and improves the yield of target products. The method preparing the catalyzer through the liquid phase ball-milling partial reduction method is simple in process, mild in condition and convenient to operate, and brings convenience to achieve large scale production.

A membrane electrode assembly for use in a fuel cell includes an anode electrode, a cation exchange membrane, an anion exchange membrane and a cathode electrode. The anode electrode includes a first catalyst. The first catalyst separates a reducing agent into a plurality of positively charged ions and negative charges. The cation exchange membrane is configured to favor transport of positively charged ions therethrough and is also configured to inhibit transport of negatively charged particles therethrough. The anion exchange membrane is configured to favor transport of negatively charged ions therethrough and is also configured to inhibit transport of positively charged ions therethrough. The cathode electrode includes a second catalyst and is disposed adjacent to a second side of the anion exchange membrane. The second catalyst reacts electrons with the at least one oxidizing agent so as to create reduced species.

An electroconductive bonding material contains a thermosetting resin, a low-melting-point metal powder which is melted at a temperature equal to or lower than the thermosetting temperature of the thermosetting resin, a high-melting-point metal powder which is not melted at a temperature equal to or lower than the thermosetting temperature of the thermosetting resin and which reacts with the low-melting-point metal powder to form a reaction product having a high melting point of 300° C. or higher during heat-hardening of the thermosetting resin, and a reducing substance which removes an oxide formed on the surface of the high-melting-point metal powder. The total content of the low-melting-point metal powder and the high-melting-point metal powder is 75% to 88% by weight, and the particle size ratio D1/D2 of the average particle size D1 of the low-melting-point metal powder to the average particle size D2 of the high-melting-point metal powder is 0.5 to 6.0. Thereby, an electroconductive bonding material is provided which has good conduction properties and high connection strength even when reflow heat treatment is repeatedly carried out or thermal shock accompanied with a rapid temperature change is applied to the electroconductive bonding material, and an electronic apparatus using such an electroconductive bonding material.

A defluorinating and degrading method of fluorine substituted compound is characterized by vacuum ultraviolet irradiating PFOS and PFOA etc. fluorine substituted compound at anaerobic condition, defluorinating reacting fluorine substituted compound at irradiation of 185nm ultraviolet mercury vapour light or 172nm xenon quasi molecule laser light, inducing protective inert gas or reducing gas for realizing anaerobic condition, or adding reducing substance or semiconductor catalyst with high conducting band energy level during reacting process to improve defluorinating and decomposing ratio. It achieves simple operation and non-toxic.

The present invention provides a skin peel composition including a plurality of keratolytic substances, such as trichloroacetic acid and salicylic, and a post inflammatory hyper pigmentation reducing substance such as retinoic acid. In addition, the skin peel composition may further include ascorbic acid (vitamin C), as well as vitamins A and E. Application of the skin peel composition may be either topically in the form of a cream or gel, and may further be injected subcutaneously into the skin to achieve deeper penetration of the composition within the skin layers of the area to be treated.