1541 results about "Green chemistry" patented technology

The present invention relates to methods of making and using and compositions of metal nanoparticles formed by green chemistry synthetic techniques. For example, the present invention relates to metal nanoparticles formed with solutions of plant extracts and use of these metal nanoparticles in removing contaminants from soil and groundwater and other contaminated sites. In some embodiments, the invention comprises methods of making and using compositions of metal nanoparticles formed using green chemistry techniques.

The invention discloses a lignin-based porous carbon material and a preparation method of the lignin-based porous carbon material. The aperture of the lignin-based porous carbon material is not larger than 300nm, the specific surface area is 628.3 to 762.5m<2>/g, and the pore volume is 0.16 to 0.23cm<3>/g. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: with biomass resource lignin as the initial raw material, pre-carbonizing at a low temperature to obtain a carbonized intermediate; and then quickly heating and carbonizing under the protection of inert atmosphere in a high-temperature furnace to obtain the lignin-based porous carbon material; and the lignin-based porous carbon material shows outstanding capacity of absorbing heavy metal ions in wastewater. According to the preparation method, the biomass resource is adopted and used as raw material, environmentally hazardous chemicals such as ZnCl2, strong acid and strong base are not used in the whole preparation process; the preparation method has low requirement to equipment, has the green chemical characteristics of environmental friendliness, low cost, outstanding performance, etc., is suitable for mass production, and is beneficial to treatment and control of metal-polluted wastewater and relief of pressure of papermaking black liquid to the environment.

The invention provides a dendritic gold-core/platinum-shell bimetal nanometer rod and a preparation method thereof. The dendritic gold-core/platinum-shell bimetal nanometer rod comprises a cylindrical gold nanometer-rod core and a porous platinum-shell layer covering the outer surface of the cylindrical gold nanometer-rod core; the diameter of the cylindrical gold nanometer-rod core is 10 to 15 nanometers; the length of the cylindrical gold nanometer-rod core is 55 to 60 nanometers; the thickness of the porous platinum-shell layer is 0.4 to 8 nanometers; and the length of platinum grains covering the outside of a nanometer rod is 2 to 4 nanometers. The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simplicity, flexibility, environmental protection, green chemistry and low energy consumption. In addition, the obtained bimetal nanometer rod with a gold-core/platinum-shell structure has the characteristics of high yield, narrow size distribution, stable structure and adjustable optical properties.

The invention provides a composite fiber material applied to visible light photocatalytic purification of sewage and air pollutants and a preparation method thereof. The composite fiber material is synthesized by loading a visible light response type bismuth-based photocatalytic material on a textile fiber material through a green chemical synthetic route. A powdered photocatalyst is solidly loaded by the unique net-like felt structure of the textile fiber material, so that the catalyst is prevented from losing and agglomerating during sewage treatment and air purification, and the separability and reusability are improved.

The invention discloses nanoparticles for encapsulating polyphenol active substances and a preparation method thereof, which belong to the technical field of high-polymer chemisty and functional foods. In the method, protein-polysaccharide nanoparticles for encapsulating polyphenol active substances through a Maillard reaction of proteins and polysaccharides and self-assembly of polyphenol and a protein-covalence conjugate. The nanoparticles have excellent properties of high encapsulating efficiency on polyphenol active substances, high loading amount, high protection activity and the like. The nanoparticles are cross-linked by using crosslinking agents such as glutaraldehyde, genipin and the like, so that the stability and slow-release performance of the nanoparticles can be further improved. A preparation process is performed in a full-water-phase environment, organic reagents, surfactants and other toxic reagents are not used, and raw materials of a carrier belong to natural macromolecules, so that the nanoparticles have excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, and are accordant with the requirement of green chemistry.

New, effective and non-toxic compounded henna based hair dyes that are non-toxic, natural and hypoallergenic that provide an alternative to conventional hair color. The products are made using 100% Green Chemistry and do not utilize encapsulation.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a visible-light activated cuprous oxide/titanium dioxide nano-composite photocatalyst and applications thereof, belonging to the technical field of environmental pollution control. The preparation of the catalyst comprises the following steps of: 1) carrying out electrochemical oxidation reaction under the action of hydrofluoric acid with the concentration of 0.2 percent by weight for preparing a titanium dioxide nanotube electrode, wherein the tube diameter of a nanotube is about 80nm, and the tube length is 550nm; and 2) adopting a photoreduction chemical method to prepare the cuprous oxide/titanium dioxide nano-composite photocatalyst. The prepared composite photocatalyst has the advantages of simple synthesis, stable performance, the synthesis process belonging to the field of green chemistry and the like. The composition of cuprous oxide can not only reduce the defect of high composite probability of photoproduced electron-hole pairs, but also expand the light response range of the titanium dioxide nanotube electrode and further improve the photocatalytic degradation efficiency thereof to organic pollutants in the visible light range, thereby having very high practical value and application prospect.

The invention relates to a method for preparing an N-fatty acyl amino acid type surfactant by fat and belongs to the technical field of synthesis of organic compounds. In a technology for synthesizing the N-fatty acyl amino acid type surfactant, the fat replaces acyl chloride, so that the N-fatty acyl amino acid type surfactant can be synthesized; the fat and amino acid sodium react under a catalytic condition to generate N-fatty acyl amino acid sodium; therefore, the method has the advantages of high product surface activity, simple synthesis line, environment friendliness and the like; and the green chemistry rule can be met.

The invention discloses polysaccharide-nano silver sol and a preparation method thereof. The polysaccharide-nano silver sol is carboxymethyl chitosan quaternary ammonium salt-nano silver sol; and the carboxymethyl chitosan quaternary ammonium salt-nano silver sol is prepared by converting AgNO3 into more active AgNO3, using carboxymethyl chitosan quaternary ammonium salt as a reducing agent and astabilizing agent and adopting a microwave radiation heating method. The carboxymethyl chitosan quaternary ammonium salt is used as the reducing agent and the stabilizing agent for the first time, and the carboxymethyl chitosan quaternary ammonium salt-nano silver sol is quickly prepared in an aqueous phase under normal pressure by adopting the efficient microwave radiation heating method, so that the preparation process accords with 'green chemistry' advocated 'greenness' and 'environment friendliness' of reaction reagents, reducing agents and stabilizing agents in nano particle preparation;and because of the green preparation process and unique structure and properties of the carboxymethyl chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, the carboxymethyl chitosan quaternary ammonium salt-nano silver sol has huge application prospect in the fields of biology, medical treatment and the like.

The present invention discloses a preparation method of a [Beta]-Ga2O3 nano array. The method comprises: employing a water bath method to prepare a GaOOH seed layer, employing a hydro-thermal method to prepare a GaOOH nano array on the seed layer, and finally obtaining a [Beta]-Ga2O3 nano array through thermal annealing. The preparation method of the [Beta]-Ga2O3 nano array is a green chemistry method and employs the chemical method seed layer and the nano array, the array is neatly arranged, the dimension is uniform, the preparation method is simple and low in cost and easy to popularize so as to facilitate large-scale preparation, the GaOOH seed layer is prepared, and a substrate is not limited and can be quartz, silicon, a transparent conductive substrate (ITO or FTO), sapphire (C-AL2O3) and the like so as to facilitate different applications.

The invention discloses an electrochemical method of oil removal by polymer flooding oil recovery wastewater, which comprises the following steps of: 1, electrolysis; 2, sedimentation. In the process of the electrolysis, tiny oil droplets in the wastewater lose electrons due to discharge on the surface of an anode, charges on the surface of the oil droplets are reduced, and electric potential of interface xi is decreased; and residual polymer pieces in the wastewater after the electrolysis are oxidized and degraded, viscosity of the wastewater is decreased, and water film intensity on the interface of oil/water is reduced. Therefore, the tiny oil droplets after the electrolysis are liable to be converged into large oil droplets and are rapidly separated from the wastewater under the action of cathode hydrogen. As treated by the method, crude oil in wastewater produced in oil extraction by polymer flooding displacement is quite easy for removal with no need for large use of sedimentation tanks, thus saving construction fund for oilfield; the invention has simple process, requires no drug, saves resource and cost and conforms to green chemistry process, quality of the wastewater after the oil removal is obviously crystal-clear; in addition, the device is convenient and safe in operation, easy to control and realize automation, extensively adapted to the amount of water, and convenient for popularization and application.

A rapid tissue processing method and apparatus including the steps of fixation, dehydration, clearing, and impregnation. The preferred method is performed in a processing unit that employs alternating microwave and ohmic energy to heat the process solution and tissue sample. In one embodiment, the method employs environmentally friendly green chemicals to effectuate the processing.

The invention relates to a preparation method for forming a metal organic framework ZIF-67 film. Through hydrothermal synthesis, first a cobalt nano array layer firmly combined with a carrier is introduced to the carrier, and the carrier with the cobalt nano array layer is obtained; in the aftertreatment process, the cobalt nano array layer provides a metal source for growth of the ZIF-67 film and serves as a growing point and bonding point for forming the film, the continuous and uniform ZIF-67 film is formed by growth. According to the method, the problems that the metal organic framework film has difficulty in heterogeneous nucleation, is weak in binding force with the carrier and is easily subjected to embrittlement are solved. In the cobalt nano array growth process or in the ligand growth process, only water is used as a solvent, and no other organic solvent participates. The environmental pollution is small, and the preparation method conforms to the green chemical development requirements. In the film forming process, the cobalt nano array layer has dual functions of providing a metal cobalt source and enhancing binding force between the carrier and the ZIF-67 film.

The invention discloses a green and quick method for preparing lignin-nanosilver sol. The nanosilver sol is obtained by reacting lignin serving as a reducer and stabilizer with ammoniacal silver nitrate under the condition of microwave radiation. The preparation method comprises the following steps of obtaining [Ag(NH3)2] <+> through coactions of AgNO3, NaOH and ammonia water; reacting the [Ag(NH3)2]<+> with the lignin under the condition of microwave radiation to obtain the nanosilver sol. The concentration and the particle size of the nanosilver are controlled by adjusting the temperature and time for microwave reaction and a ratio of the lignin to the AgNO3, and the obtained nanosilver can be wrapped by the lignin, and is uniformly dispersed and difficultly agglomerated. The preparation method accords with the concept of 'green chemistry'. The method provides a technology orientation for utilizing forestry and agricultural residues at high values, and provides a new way for compounding nanocrystalline metal. Meanwhile, the nanosilver has a great application prospect in the fields of medical treatment and biology.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a hemicellulose/nano-silver colloid rapidly. The method includes the steps that in a water phase, hemicellulose and silver ammonia solution are subjected to a redox reaction under the microwave condition to generate nano-silver particles; the hemicellulose is extracted from the grass family, the weight-average molecular weight of the hemicellulose is 4.5*104 g/mol-5.5*104 g/mol, and the hemicellulose comprises, by mass percent, the following carbohydrate components: 85-90% of wood sugar, 7.5-12% of arabinose, 0.5-1% of glucose, 0.15-0.65% of galactose, 0.08-0.15% of mannose and 1.05-2.95% of glucuronic acid. The preparation meets the requirement for green chemistry, and the method is a nano-metal preparing method which is green and rapid to implement. A new conception is provided for the green synthesis of nano-silver, the hemicellulose resource is reasonably utilized, and the nano-silver colloid has application prospects in the biological field and the medical field.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a Ru-Pd/TiO2 nanotube complex photocatalyst and the application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of environment pollution control. When the photocatalyst is prepared, an electrochemical oxidation reaction is performed under the action of hydrofluoric acid with the concentration of 0.2wt percent so as to prepare a TiO2 nanotube electrode firstly, the pipe diameter of a nanotube is about 100 nm, and the thickness of a pipe wall is about 20 nm. Then an impregnating electrodeposition method is adopted to prepare the Ru-Pd/TiO2 nano complex photocatalyst. The method for preparing the complex photocatalyst has the advantages of simple synthesis, stable property, synthesis process belonging to the green chemistry and the like. The composition of Ru and Pd improves the separating efficiency of photoinduced electrons-hole pairs of the TiO2 nanotube electrode, further improves the photocatalytic reduction degradation efficiency of organic pollutants, and has very high utility value and a good application prospect.

The invention belongs to the field of preparation of electro-catalytic materials, and more particularly relates to a nickel-cobalt alloy@carbon nanotube composite material and preparation and application thereof. A precursor solution containing platinum, nickel and cobalt is mixed with a metal organic ligand solution, coordination reaction is carried out, solid-liquid separation is carried out after the reaction is finished to obtain a metal organic framework containing platinum, nickel and cobalt, washing and drying are carried out to obtain a dried metal organic framework; and the obtained metal organic framework is annealed in a reducing atmosphere, cleaning with dilute acid is carried out, separating and drying are carried out to obtain the platinum-nickel-cobalt alloy@carbon nanotubecomposite material. The composite material is used as a catalyst for an electrocatalytic oxygen reduction test, and is prepared into a full cell for a fuel cell test system, and the obtained catalyticperformance and stability are superior to those of the current commercial platinum-carbon catalyst. The preparation method of the material is simple, reaction conditions are mild, cost is low, the concept of green chemistry is met, and large-scale industrial production can be carried out through synthesis of the adopted in-situ organic framework.

The invention discloses a method for producing an important steroid hormone dexamethasone methyl tetraenes (5ST) intermediate, which comprises the following steps of: dissolving a methyl dehydrate into an organic solvent, adding a reducing agent into the solution at the temperature of between 5 DEG C below zero and 20 DEG C, and performing one-step reaction to obtain methyl tetraenes with less than 0.8 percent of single impurity, wherein the reducing agent is a mixed reducing agent of 1 to 15 weight parts of chromium trichloride and 0.2 to 8 weight parts of zinc powder. The method for producing the 5ST shortens the reduction reaction into one-step reaction from three-step reaction so as to save the reaction time and facilitate the operation. The method reduces the consumption of chemical raw materials and dangerous goods, reduces the environmental pollution, and reflects the environment-friendly idea of green chemistry.

The invention belongs to the field of environmental functional materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method and an application of a PVDF/UiO-66-NH2 imprinted composite membrane. According to the preparation method, UiO-66-NH2 nanoparticles are modified to the surface of the PVDF membrane through a delayed phase inversion one-step method by utilizing the viscosity of PVDF, so that the roughness of the surface of the PVDF membrane is improved, and the problems that blending is easy to embed, the surface modification process is complex and the like are solved. The wettability and the molecular imprinting membrane technology are combined for the first time, so that the prepared PVDF/UiO-66-NH2 imprinting composite membrane has super-hydrophilicity/underwater super-oleophobicity,can effectively separate/adsorb antibiotics in emulsion, synergistically and selectively adsorb/separate antibiotics and separate oil-water emulsion, and has excellent anti-pollution performance. ThePVDF material used in the preparation method is low in price, the preparation method is simple, easy to control, low in energy consumption and free of secondary pollution, accords with the concept ofgreen chemistry, can be produced on a large scale and can be applied to the field of separation of antibiotics in emulsion.

The invention relates to a bi-sulfonate interface initiator and a preparing method thereof. A tertiary amine compound with bi-sulfonate anions and bi-dodecyl is synthesized, and the emulsion function higher than that of a common surfactant is shown; meanwhile, tertiary amine and potassium peroxodisulfate can be subjected to a redox reaction at the normal temperature, cation free radicals are formed on nitrogen atoms and then converted into carbon free radicals at adjacent positions, generating of the free radicals can be repeated, control is flexible, multi-phase concatenation polymerization is achieved, polymerization of styrene and methyl methacrylate and polymerization of styrene and hydroxyethyl acrylate are sequentially triggered on a water/oil interface, and a multi-segmented copolymer is obtained. An experiment proves that the feeding ratio of monomer and the composition ratio of the copolymer are quite coincident, it shows that the triggering efficiency of the initiator is high, the polymerization reaction in the mode is moderate and controllable in condition and low in energy consumption, other organic solvents and emulsifiers are avoided, the product is pure, and the requirements of green chemistry are completely met.