The present invention discloses a high toughness sound insulation composite material, which is prepared from the following components, by weight, 30-50 parts of an organic fiber toughened polypropylene composite material, and 50-70 parts of a sound insulation material masterbatch, wherein the organic fiber toughened polypropylene composite material comprises the following components, by weight, 46-67.4 parts of polypropylene, 30-50 parts of organic fibers, 2-3 parts of a compatibilizing agent, and 0.6 part of an antioxidant, and the sound insulation material masterbatch comprises the following components, by weight, 49.7-59.7 parts of polypropylene, 40-50 parts of a sound insulation filling material, and 0.3 part of an antioxidant. The invention further discloses a high toughness sound insulation composite material preparation method. The high toughness sound insulation composite material has characteristics of good sound insulation, excellent mechanical property, convenient processing molding, high product shape design freedom degree, excellent elasticity, chemical corrosion resistance and the like.