613 results about "Heat of combustion" patented technology

A cooling block forming a top wall of a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is formed by layering, from the outside to the inside, a casing, an upper layer block, a middle layer block, and a lower layer block. Labyrinth-shaped cooling water passages are formed on upper side faces of the three layers of blocks, and cooling water supplied from a cooling water supply passage flows from the cooling water passage on the side far from the combustion chamber to the cooling water passage on the side close to the combustion chamber, and is discharged from a cooling water discharge passage. Since the cooling water flows in a direction opposite to the direction of emission of heat of combustion from the combustion chamber, it is possible to ensure that there is sufficient difference in temperature between a cylinder head and the cooling water throughout the cooling water passages.

A method and apparatus for heating hot mix asphalt (HMA), via collecting fumes from HMA while the HMA is on-board a vehicle and in motion within the vehicle, and igniting the HMA with engine exhaust and using the heat of combustion of the HMA to heat HMA, such as via the floor of a re-mix machine or paver which is capable of churning and mixing the HMA which increases emission of HMA fumes.

A combination internal combustion and steam engine includes a cylinder having a piston mounted for reciprocation therein with an internal combustion chamber and a steam chamber in the cylinder adjacent the piston and at least one steam exhaust port positioned to communicate with the steam chamber through the wall of the cylinder for exhausting steam at a location in the cylinder wall adjacent to an engine cylinder cap surface that is heated externally to assist in reducing chilling or condensation of steam entering the steam chamber from a boiler fired by waste combustion heat. The invention also permits steam admitted from a steam chest jacketing the cylinder cap to be exhausted from the engine when the steam chamber is in an expanded state whereupon residual steam is then recompressed prior to admitting the next charge of steam with the stream in the steam chamber being heated directly by the combustion chamber as well as by heat from the steam chest. An I.C. exhaust powered heater is a part of an I.C. exhaust manifold which functions as an afterburner with supplemental air injection for promoting combustion of unburned exhaust constituents to superheat steam that is piped through it to the steam chest. The invention provides valves for balancing steam engine displacement with boiler output and for cylinder compounding with a boiler, heat exchange and control arrangement for efficiently recovering waste heat.

The invention relates to a hydrogen combustion heater. This heater includes (a) a passage for allowing hydrogen gas and air to flow therethrough; (b) a first catalyst provided in the passage, the first catalyst being heated, when electricity is applied thereto, thereby starting a first combustion of a first mixture of the hydrogen gas and the air in the first catalyst; and (c) a heat exchanger provided downstream of the first catalyst in the passage, the heat exchanger being adapted to transfer heat generated by the first combustion to a heating medium of the heat exchanger.

The invention, as embodied herein, comprises a variable yield warhead comprising an inner core of cylindrically-shaped, explosive material surrounded by an outer annulus of a different explosive material. The inner core explosive material has a heat of combustion comprising about 16 kcal / cc or higher and the outer annulus of explosive material has a heat of detonation comprising about 2.1 kcal / cc or higher. A warhead casing surrounds the outer annulus of material. The warhead has a dual initiation system. The first initiation system comprises a detonation cord that extends substantially through the inner core of explosive material and has an initiator at the tope side. The second initiation system comprises a booster explosive that contacts the bottom side of the outer annulus of explosive material and an initiator proximate to the booster.