1120results about "Aerogel preparation" patented technology

A preparation process of polyimide aerogels that composed of aromatic dianhydrides and aromatic diamines or a combined aromatic and aliphatic diamines is described. Also descried is a process to produce carbon aerogels derived from polyimide aerogel composed of a rigid aromatic diamine and an aromatic dianhydride. Finally, the processes to produce carbon aerogels or xerogel-aerogel hybrid, both of which impregnated with highly dispersed transition metal clusters, and metal carbide aerogels, deriving from the polyimide aerogels composed of a rigid aromatic diamine and an aromatic dianhydride, are described. The polyimide aerogels and the polyimide aerogel derivatives consist of interconnecting mesopores with average pore size at 10 to 30 nm and a mono-dispersed pore size distribution. The gel density could be as low as 0.008 g / cc and accessible surface area as high as 1300 m2 / g.

Aerogel composite materials having a lofty fibrous batting reinforcement preferably in combination with one or both of individual short randomly oriented microfibers and conductive layers exhibit improved performance in one or all of flexibility, drape, durability, resistance to sintering, x-y thermal conductivity, x-y electrical conductivity, RFI-EMI attenuation, and / or burn-through resistance.

A preparation process of polyimide aerogels that composed of aromatic dianhydrides and aromatic diamines or a combined aromatic and aliphatic diamines is described. Also descried is a process to produce carbon aerogels derived from polyimide aerogel composed of a rigid aromatic diamine and an aromatic dianhydride. Finally, the processes to produce carbon aerogels or xerogel-aerogel hybrid, both of which impregnated with highly dispersed transition metal clusters, and metal carbide aerogels, deriving from the polyimide aerogels composed of a rigid aromatic diamine and an aromatic dianhydride, are described. The polyimide aerogels and the polyimide aerogel derivatives consist of interconnecting mesopores with average pore size at 10 to 30 nm and a mono-dispersed pore size distribution. The gel density could be as low as 0.008 g / cc and accessible surface area as high as 1300 m<2> / g.

The present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of metal-containing materials or composite materials, the process comprising the steps of encapsulating at least one metal-based compound in a polymeric shell, thereby producing a polymer-encapsulated metal-based compound and / or coating a polymeric particle with at least one metal-based compound; forming a sol from suitable hydrolytic or non-hydrolytic sol / gel forming components; combining the polymer-encapsulated metal-based compound and / or the coated polymeric particle with the sol, thereby producing a combination thereof; and converting the combination into a solid metal-containing material. The present invention further relates to metal-containing materials produced in accordance with the above process.

The invention discloses a composite natural polymer gel material with a cross-linking agent. The material comprises hydrogel, organogel, aerogel and bioplastics and mainly overcomes the problem of low mechanical strength of conventional natural polymer gel materials. According to the invention, a certain amount of the cross-linking agent is added into a natural polymer water-based solution or dispersion liquid, then stirring is carried out, the obtained mixture is placed in a non-solvent for physical cross-linking, and then washing is carried out so as to obtain composite natural polymer hydrogel; water in the composite natural polymer hydrogel is replaced with an organic solution so as to prepare composite natural polymer organogel; the composite natural polymer hydrogel or organogel is dried so as to prepare composite natural polymer aerogel; the composite natural polymer aerogel is subjected to hydrophobic treatment so as to obtain hydrophobic aerogel; the composite natural polymer aerogel is subjected to heat treatment so as to obtain carbon aerogel; and one or more selected from the above-mentioned gel materials are subjected to high-temperature pressing so as to prepare composite natural polymer bioplastics. The composite natural polymer gel material prepared in the invention has the advantages of excellent mechanical properties, a high specific surface area, high elongation at break, etc., and can be easily processed into molded products of a plurality of forms.

This invention discloses improvements that can be achieved in thermal or mechanical performance of aerogel composites via densification. Densified aerogels and aerogel composites can display higher compressive strength, modulus, flexural strength, and maintains or insubstantially increases the thermal conductivity relative to the pre-densified form. In the special case of fiber reinforced aerogel composites densification via mechanical compression can prove highly beneficial.

The present invention relates to a method of producing a drug delivery material by encapsulating a biologically or therapeutically active agent in a shell, combining the encapsulated agent with a sol, and converting the combination into a solid or semi-solid drug delivery material. The present invention further relates to drug delivery materials produced by this exemplary method, and to implants formed at least in part from these materials.

The present invention also relates to an anti-fouling composition comprising one or more aerogels. In one embodiment the aerogel encapsulate one or more bioactive agents. The one or more encapsulated bioactive agents can in one preferred embodiment be released from the aerogel over time. In one embodiment the encapsulated bioactive agents comprise one or more enzymes. In one preferred embodiment the anti-fouling composition comprising one or more aerogels is a coating composition.

A method for preparing carbon aerogels and carbon aerogels obtained therefrom are disclosed. The method for preparing carbon aerogels comprises: mixing organic starting materials including phloroglucinol and furfural with a solvent capable of dissolving the organic materials in a predetermined ratio to form a sol solution; adjusting pH of the sol solution adequately by using an acidic or basic catalyst, gelling the sol solution at room temperature under atmospheric pressure, and aging the resultant gels; substituting the solvent in thus obtained gels with liquid carbon dioxide, followed by drying in a supercritical state, to form organic aerogels; and pyrolyzing the organic aerogels in an electric furnace under inert atmosphere to obtain carbon aerogels. Particularly, the gels are formed at room temperature in a short period of time by adequately adjusting pH of the sol solution. Therefore, the method provides improved time efficiency and energy efficiency as compared to existing methods for preparing gels. Additionally, the method allows supercritical drying while avoiding a need for an additional solvent substitution, thereby simplifying the overall process. Further, the method enables preparation of carbon aerogels for supercapacitors having a high specific surface area and high capacitance even in the absence of additional activation step.

This invention discloses improvements that can be achieved in thermal or mechanical performance of aerogel composites via densification. Densified aerogels and aerogel composites can display higher compressive strength, modulus, flexural strength, and maintains or insubstantially increases the thermal conductivity relative to the pre-densified form. In the special case of fiber reinforced aerogel composites densification via mechanical compression can prove highly beneficial.

A preparation process of polyimide aerogels that composed of aromatic dianhydrides and aromatic diamines or a combined aromatic and aliphatic diamines is described. Also descried is a process to produce carbon aerogels derived from polyimide aerogel composed of a rigid aromatic diamine and an aromatic dianhydride. Finally, the processes to produce carbon aerogels or xerogel-aerogel hybrid, both of which impregnated with highly dispersed transition metal clusters, and metal carbide aerogels, deriving from the polyimide aerogels composed of a rigid aromatic diamine and an aromatic dianhydride, are described. The polyimide aerogels and the polyimide aerogel derivatives consist of interconnecting mesopores with average pore size at 10 to 30 nm and a mono-dispersed pore size distribution. The gel density could be as low as 0.008 g / cc and accessible surface area as high as 1300 m2 / g.

The invention provides a three-dimensional porous frame-reinforced fiber aerogel material and a preparation method thereof. The three-dimensional porous frame-reinforced fiber aerogel material is characterized by comprising a three-dimensional porous frame as a main body support-reinforced structure; and the three-dimensional porous frame-reinforced fiber aerogel material is obtained through putting the three-dimensional porous frame into fiber dispersing slurry and carrying out slurry molding, solvent drying and solidification treatment. The volume density of the obtained three-dimensional porous frame-reinforced fiber aerogel material is 10-1000mg / cm<3>, the mean pore size is 0.05-1000 microns and the tensile strength is 20-50kPa. The internal structure of the obtained aerogel material is that fibers are uniformly dispersed into meshes of the three-dimensional frame and the fibers are interlaced with each other and run through to form holes, so that the three-dimensional porous frame-reinforced fiber aerogel material is endowed with a high porosity and small-pore size structure while the mechanical strength of the aerogel material is improved, and the three-dimensional porous frame-reinforced fiber aerogel material has wide application prospects in the fields such as thermal insulation, heat preservation, sound absorption and noise reduction.

The invention discloses aerogel micro powder and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: a hydrogel is provided, and fragmentation is carried out on the hydrogel and dispersing the hydrogel to obtain gel fluid or gel dispersion liquid; an atomizing device is employed for performing atomization on the gel fluid or the gel dispersion liquid, gel droplets are formed, the gel droplets are collected by a low-temperature container, and the gel freezing particles are obtained; the freeze drying is carried out, and the aerogel micro powder is obtained. The aerogel micropowder can realize integration of granulation and refrigeration, pre-refrigeration is not required, rapid and continuous production of the aerogel micro powder can be realized, organic solvent displacement is not required, the preparation method has the advantages of simple process, short production period, low cost, energy saving, and environmental protection, the preparation process can be amplified to industrial production, and the obtained aerogel micro powder has the excellent physical properties of controllable morphology, uniform particle size, large specific surface area, high porosity amount, and low thermal conductivity.

The invention involves composite materials containing a polymer foam and an aerogel. The composite materials have improved thermal insulation ability, good acoustic insulation, and excellent physical mechanical properties. The composite materials can be used, for instance, for heat and acoustic insulation on aircraft, spacecraft, and maritime ships in place of currently used foam panels and other foam products. The materials of the invention can also be used in building construction with their combination of light weight, strength, elasticity, ability to be formed into desired shapes, and superior thermal and acoustic insulation power. The materials have also been found to have utility for storage of cryogens. A cryogenic liquid or gas, such as N2 or H2, adsorbs to the surfaces in aerogel particles. Thus, another embodiment of the invention provides a storage vessel for a cryogen.

Thermoreversible organogelator compounds, compositions containing the compounds and a solvent and methods of forming a gel to immobilize a solvent by providing a critical concentration of the composition by adding the compound to the solvent, are provided.

PCT No. PCT / EP96 / 04250 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 14, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 14, 1998 PCT Filed Sep. 30, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97 / 13721 PCT Pub. Date Apr. 17, 1997Preparation of inorganic aerogels based on oxides of the metals magnesium, aluminum, silicon, tin, lanthanum, titanium, zirconium, chromium and / or thorium by producing a hydrogel in a sol / gel process, replacing the water in the hydrogel by an organic solvent, and drying the solvent-moist gel, takes place by conducting the drying step by exposing the solvent-moist gel to an ambient temperature which is above the boiling temperature of the solvent and at a pressure which is below the supercritical pressure of the solvent in such a way that the solvent within the gel is heated up very rapidly and evaporates.

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of monolithic xerogels and aerogels of silica / latex hybrids under subcritical conditions. In the two-stage synthesis of these alcogels in the presence of an acid-base catalyst, the hydrolysis and polycondensation of a silicon alkoxide are carried out in an organic medium containing excess water. A latex consisting of polybutyl methacrylate and polybutyl acrylate, modified with alkoxysilane groups, is first synthesized and then incorporated in the mixture either in the first stage in order to effect its co-hydrolysis with the silicon alkoxide, or in the second stage to effect its co-condensation with the previously hydrolysed colloidal silica. The resulting alcogels are aged, washed, and dried under subcritical conditions. This process gives hybrid products containing 0.1-50 wt-% of latex and having a density of 300-1300 kg / m3, a porosity of 40-85%, a specific surface area of 400-900 m2 / g and a mean pore diameter of 2-12 nm. The products are resistant to atmospheric humidity and moisture, have better mechanical properties than the corresponding inorganic products, and can be used as thermal, acoustic and electrical insulators.

Processes for producing gel compositions comprising: esterifying a portion of the surface of a gel composition sufficient to produce a gel composition having a rod density of less than or equal to 0.15 g / cc, and / or a tap density of less than or equal to 0.2 g / cc through contact with at least one esterification agent and at least one catalyst. The processes may be utilized to produce low density gel compositions without the need for a supercritical drying step or thermal treatment.

The invention discloses a rapid preparation method for an aerogel material. The preparation method is a combination of a sol-gel method and a supercritical drying process. According to the invention, wet gel is formed through the sol-gel method at first and is directly put into a container for sealing without ageing; then the sealed container is put into a supercritical drying device and a supercritical medium solvent is added; and the supercritical drying process is carried out so as to prepare the aerogel material. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method provided by the invention has the following advantages: the ageing procedure in general aerogel preparation is eliminated, so the preparation period for the aerogel material is greatly shortened; and the wet gel does not need to soak in the medium solvent, so the consumption of the medium solvent in preparation is reduced. The aerogel prepared by using the method has an intact skeleton structure and a non-shrink volume.

A TiO2—SiO2 aerogel and TiO2—SiO2 aerogel monolith with a regular and predeterminable shape and an ordered mesoporosity and a method of making the aerogel and aerogel monolith, using surfactants in preparing the SiO2 sol before mixing with TiO2 sol. The aerogel obtained by this method has a specific surface area greater than 400 m2 / g and a pore volume larger than 0.5 cc / g.

Method and devices for rapidly fabricating monolithic aerogels, including aerogels containing chemical sensing agents, are disclosed. The method involves providing a gel precursor solution or a preformed gel in a sealed vessel with the gel or gel precursor at least partially filling the internal volume of the vessel and the sealed vessel being positioned between opposed plates of a hot press; heating and applying a restraining force to the sealed vessel via the hot press plates (where the restraining force is sufficient to minimize substantial venting of the vessel); and then controllably releasing the applied restraining force under conditions effective to form the aerogel. A preferred device for practicing the method is in the form of a hot press having upper and lower press plates, and a mold positioned between the upper and lower plates. Doped aerogel monoliths and their use as chemical sensors are also described.

The invention relates to a method of taking micro-emulsion as the precursor to rapidly prepare aerogel. The method comprises the following steps: step one, measuring a special water soluble silicon source to prepare a quantitative water solution, adding a certain amount of surfactant and co-surfactant, and fully dissolving the surfactant and co-surfactant; step two, measuring a special active organic silicon compound and an auxiliary oil phase, adding the active organic silicon compound and the oil phase into the water solution, and stirring the solution at a high speed for a while so as to form a semi-transparent, uniform, and stable mixed solution, namely micro-emulsion; step three, compounding the micro-emulsion with inorganic additives and fiber felts for a while so as to form a solid phase, and carrying out aging and normal pressure (or supercritical) drying to obtain a fiber felt compounded aerogel material. The preparation technology is novel, the raw material cost is low, the application range is wide, a normal pressure drying method can be used, a supercritical drying technology can also be used, the obtained material has an excellent thermal insulation performance, the structural strength is high, and the long-term shrinkage rate is small.

The present invention relates to an airgel and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a graphene / conductive polymer aerogel and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composition of the graphene / conductive polymer aerogel comprises: Graphene, organic sulfonic acid doped conductive high molecular polymer, the mass ratio of graphene and organic sulfonic acid doped conductive high molecular polymer is 1:20-20:1. The airgel has high electrical conductivity and excellent stability, and can be directly used in the fields of conductive materials, heat insulation materials, energy storage materials, catalytic materials, adsorption materials and the like.

An aerogel-foam composite includes an open cell foam and an aerogel matrix polymer disposed in the open cell foam. The aerogel-foam composite has compression strength of about 15 megaPascals (MPa) or more. The open cell foam may be a polyurethane foam including a carbonate group (—OC(O)O—).

An hydrogel incorporating a biologically active component is provided that is useful as an interface material for transdermal sensing applications. Specifically, the hydrogel has a crosslinked gel structure and a biologically active component incorporated into the crosslinked gel structure, the biologically active component being capable of converting glucose into a compound having potentiometric activity.

The present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of metal containing materials or composite materials, the process comprising the steps of encapsulating at least one metal-based compound in a polymeric shell, thereby producing a polymer-encapsulated metal-based compound; and / or coating a polymeric particle with at least one metal-based compound; forming a sol from suitable hydrolytic or non-hydrolytic sol / gel forming components; combining the polymer-encapsulated metal-based compound and / or the coated polymeric particle with the sol, thereby producing a combination thereof; converting the combination into a solid metal containing material.