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Hydrophobic natural macromolecule/attapulgite composite aerogel and preparation method thereof

A natural polymer and composite airgel technology, which is applied in the field of hydrophobic natural polymer/attapulgite composite airgel and its preparation, can solve the problems of performance such as heat insulation performance and mechanical performance degradation, and achieve green raw materials Non-toxic, simple preparation method and low cost

Pending Publication Date: 2017-05-31
HUAIYIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Chinese patent CN103113043 reports adding cross-linkable polymers and reinforcing fibers to the mixed solution of inorganic micro-nano particles and polymers to improve the mechanical properties of composite aerogels, but a subsequent curing and cross-linking step is required
In addition, the composite aerogels reported above use soluble polymers to make the aerogels hydrophilic, which will cause the aerogels to absorb water during use and reduce the performance of the aerogels, such as thermal insulation performance, mechanical properties, etc. decline

Method used

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  • Hydrophobic natural macromolecule/attapulgite composite aerogel and preparation method thereof
  • Hydrophobic natural macromolecule/attapulgite composite aerogel and preparation method thereof
  • Hydrophobic natural macromolecule/attapulgite composite aerogel and preparation method thereof

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Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0028] Dissolve chitosan in water to obtain a transparent solution, add attapulgite and methyltrimethoxysilane into the solution, stir well and freeze at -196°C to obtain a solid; vacuum the frozen solid at -90°C Dry for 24 h to obtain hydrophobic natural polymer / attapulgite composite airgel; wherein the mass ratio of chitosan, attapulgite, methyltrimethoxysilane and water is 1:5:2:80;

[0029] The prepared hydrophobic natural polymer / attapulgite composite airgel has a density of 0.05 g cm -3 , the pore size distribution measured by nitrogen adsorption method is 50~700 nm, and the BET specific surface area is as high as 30 m 2 g -1 , the thermal conductivity measured by the planar heat source method is 0.02W·m -1 k -1 , the compressive modulus measured by a universal testing machine is 0.05 MPa, the contact angle measured by a contact angle measuring instrument is 115°, and the combustion heat value measured by a calorimeter is 0.6MJ·kg -1 .

Embodiment 2

[0031] Dissolve chitosan in water to obtain a transparent solution, add attapulgite and methyltrimethoxysilane into the solution, stir well and freeze at -196°C to obtain a solid; vacuum the frozen solid at -90°C Dry for 48 h to obtain hydrophobic natural polymer / attapulgite composite airgel; wherein the mass ratio of chitosan, attapulgite, methyltrimethoxysilane and water is 1:10:3:70;

[0032]The prepared hydrophobic natural polymer / attapulgite composite airgel has a density of 0.10 g cm -3 , the pore size distribution measured by nitrogen adsorption method is 2~500 nm, and the BET specific surface area is as high as 300 m 2 g -1 , the thermal conductivity measured by the transient planar heat source method is 0.01 W m -1 k -1 , the compressive modulus measured by a universal testing machine is 0.5 MPa, the contact angle measured by a contact angle measuring instrument is 120°, and the combustion heat value measured by a calorimeter is 0.9MJ·kg -1 .

Embodiment 3

[0034] Dissolve cornstarch in water to obtain a transparent solution, add attapulgite and methyltrimethoxysilane to the solution, stir well and freeze at -60°C to obtain a solid; vacuum dry the frozen solid at -10°C The hydrophobic natural polymer / attapulgite composite airgel was obtained in 48 h; wherein the mass ratio of cornstarch, attapulgite, methyltrimethoxysilane and water was 1:15:4:80;

[0035] The prepared hydrophobic natural polymer / attapulgite composite airgel has a density of 0.15 g cm -3 , the pore size distribution measured by nitrogen adsorption method is 10~400 nm, and the BET specific surface area is as high as 400 m 2 g -1 , the thermal conductivity measured by the transient planar heat source method is 0.02 W·m -1 k -1 , the compressive modulus measured by a universal testing machine is 2.5 MPa, the contact angle measured by a contact angle measuring instrument is 179.9°, and the combustion heat value measured by a calorimeter is 1.2 MJ·kg -1 .

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a hydrophobic natural macromolecule / attapulgite composite aerogel. The preparation method includes the steps: firstly, dissolving natural macromolecules into water to obtain transparent solution; secondly, adding attapulgite and organic silicon modifying agents into the solution, uniformly stirring mixture, and freezing the mixture; finally, performing vacuum freeze drying for the mixture to obtain corresponding hydrophobic natural macromolecule / attapulgite composite aerogel. The hole diameter of the composite aerogel is 2-700nm, the BET specific surface area of the composite aerogel highly reaches 30-800m<2>*g<-1>, the apparent density of the composite aerogel is 0.02-0.35g*cm<-3>, the heat conductivity of the composite aerogel is 0.01-0.05W*m<-1>*k<-1>, the compression modulus of the composite aerogel is 0.05-10MPa, the contact angle of the composite aerogel is 90 DEG C to 179.9 DEG C, and combustion heat value of the composite aerogel is 0.6-1.9MJ-kg<-1>. The natural macromolecule / attapulgite composite aerogel prepared by the method is good in blocking performance and hydrophobicity, low in density and heat conductivity and high in strength, the combustion heat value is lower than 1.9MJ-kg<-1>, A-grade flame-retardant requirements are met, the preparation method is simple in process, short in period and free from pollution, and the prepared hydrophobic natural macromolecule / attapulgite composite aerogel is applied to the field such as building energy conservation, petrochemical industry and sewage treatment.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of new chemical material preparation, and in particular relates to a hydrophobic natural polymer / attapulgite composite airgel and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Airgel is a functional material with a three-dimensional porous structure, which is usually prepared by sol-gel and supercritical drying processes. It has the characteristics of light weight and extremely low thermal conductivity. It is a class of thermal insulation materials with superior performance. It has important research and application value in construction, industry and other fields. At present, silica and its composite aerogels are the most researched. Such aerogels are usually prepared with organosilicon as a precursor, and are prepared by supercritical drying technology after sol-gel. Due to the high price of organosilane, supercritical drying requires expensive equipment such as autoclaves, and the preparation process...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B01J13/00
CPCB01J13/0091
Inventor 郑伟云山郭探何磊王胜伟白霞梁明壮赵秀陈静
Owner HUAIYIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
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