The invention discloses an abrasive particle contour evaluation method for a large-abrasive-particle superhard abrasive grinding wheel, and belongs to the technical field of grinding wheel dressing and image recognition processing. The method comprises the steps that firstly, three-dimensional data of the surface of the large-abrasive-particle super-hard abrasive grinding wheel are detected through an ultra-high-speed contour measuring instrument, and before detection, it is guaranteed that the circle run-out of the grinding wheel is within 10 micrometers by adjusting an installation clamp (a dial indicator is adopted for measurement); then, after binary image processing such as singular point and noisy point removal, connected domain analysis and image corrosion is carried out through Matlab software, the number of abrasive particles of the datum plane at the interval of the specific height is obtained; and finally, rule analysis and research are carried out on the abrasive particle exposure height information. According to the method, the laser detection technology, the data processing technology and the image processing technology are combined, and accurate evaluation of the abrasive particle contour of the large-abrasive-particle super-hard abrasive grinding wheel is achieved.