140results about How to "Low voltage requirement" patented technology

In a device for transporting liquid, liquid to be transported is enclosed by an oil droplet, which is fractionated with air, for manipulation. Moreover, as a method for supplying liquids wherein a plurality of liquids are enclosed by an oil droplet sequentially and treated, liquid enclosed by an oil droplet is formed by associating one oil with one liquid in a liquid introducing section. According to the present invention, even in the case where a plurality of liquids are manipulated, it is possible to manipulate stably without affecting other liquids. Moreover, it is possible to treat as a liquid enclosed by an oil droplet successively in the device for transporting liquid, thereby allowing the invention to be applied to a system for analyzing easily.

A lens driver or lens driver circuitry for an ophthalmic apparatus comprising an electronic system which actuates a variable-focus optic is disclosed herein. The lens driver is part of an electronic system incorporated into the ophthalmic apparatus. The electronic system includes one or more batteries or other power sources, power management circuitry, one or more sensors, clock generation circuitry, control algorithms and circuitry, and lens driver circuitry. The lens driver circuitry includes one or more power sources, one or more high voltage generators and one or more switching circuits.

A floating gate transistor has a reduced barrier energy at an interface between a gallium nitride (GaN) or gallium aluminum nitride (GaAlN) floating gate an adjacent gate insulator, allowing faster charge transfer across the gate insulator at lower voltages. Data is stored as charge on the floating gate. The data charge retention time on the floating gate is reduced. The data stored on the floating gate is dynamically refreshed. The floating gate transistor provides a dense and planar dynamic electrically alterable and programmable read only memory (DEAPROM) cell adapted for uses such as for a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) or a dynamically refreshed flash EEPROM memory. The floating gate transistor provides a high gain memory cell and low voltage operation.

The present invention is directed to a system including a plasma cutting torch having an output electrode and a plasma cutter starting circuit configured to generate a pilot arc at the output electrode.

A nonvolatile trap charge storage cell selects a logic interconnect transistor uses in programmable logic applications, such as FPGA. The nonvolatile trap charge element is an insulator located under a control gate and above an oxide on the surface of a semiconductor substrate. The preferred embodiment is an integrated device comprising a word gate portion sandwiched between two nonvolatile trap charge storage portions, wherein the integrated device is connected between a high bias, a low bias and an output. The output is formed by a diffusion connecting to the channel directly under the word gate portion. The program state of the two storage portions determines whether the high bias or the low bias is coupled to a logic interconnect transistor connected to the output diffusion.

A white-light-emitting tandem OLED device having spaced anode and cathode including: first and second light-emitting units disposed between the anode and cathode; an intermediate connector including an n-type layer and a p-type layer disposed between the first and second light-emitting units; and a fluoranthene-containing electron-transporting layer adjacent to the n-type layer of the intermediate connector and including at least 25% of a 7,10-diaryl-substituted fluoranthene compound having no aromatic rings annulated to the fluoranthene nucleus.

A sensor that generates an output signal in response to a stimulus, wherein the output signal is generated with a predetermined relationship to one or more properties of the stimulus such that the one or more properties of the stimulus can be determined as a function of the output signal. In one embodiment the sensor comprises a component, a sensor processor, and a transmitter. The component deteriorates, thereby causing predictable fluctuations in the predetermined relationship between the output signal and the one or more properties of the stimulus. The sensor processor provides information related to the deterioration of the component. The transmitter wirelessly transmits the information provided by the processor.

A method for manufacturing a sensor element is provided for detecting at least one property of a measuring gas in a measuring gas chamber, in particular for detecting a proportion of a gas component in the measuring gas or a temperature of the measuring gas. The method includes the following steps: providing at least one solid electrolyte which includes at least one functional element; applying, at least in sections, at least one first layer made of a ceramic material to the solid electrolyte, the first layer having a first porosity after the application; and applying, at least in sections, at least one second layer made of a ceramic material, the second layer having a second porosity after the application, and the first layer differing from the second layer with respect to at least one material property. Moreover, a sensor element which is manufacturable according to this method is provided.

A light-emitting diode is built on a silicon substrate which has been doped with a p-type impurity to possess sufficient conductivity to provide part of the current path through the LED. The p-type silicon substrate has epitaxially grown thereon a buffer region of n-type AlInGaN. Further grown epitaxially on the buffer region is the main semiconductor region of the LED which comprises a lower confining layer of n-type GaN, an active layer for generating light, and an upper confining layer of p-type GaN. In the course of the growth of the buffer region and main semiconductor region there occurs a thermal diffusion of gallium and other Group III elements from the buffer region into the p-type silicon substrate, with the consequent creation of a p-type low-resistance region in the substrate. Interface levels are created across the heterojunction between p-type silicon substrate and n-type buffer region. The interface levels expedite carrier transport from substrate to buffer region, contributing to reduction of the drive voltage requirement of the LED.

The present invention includes a micro-actuator assembly. The micro-actuator assembly includes a planar micro-actuator and a vertical micro-actuator. The planar micro-actuator provides at least one planar micro-actuator arm for coupling to a slider. The vertical micro-actuator couples with the planar micro-actuator arm. The planar micro-actuator arm supports moving the slider in a planar direction. The vertical micro-actuator supports moving the slider, through the micro-actuator arm, in a vertical direction. The planar micro-actuator may include two planar micro-actuator arms. It is preferred that at least one of the micro-actuators include a piezoelectric device. The vertical micro-actuator preferably includes a bulk piezoelectric device for cost reasons. The vertical micro-actuator may include a thermoelectric device supporting vertical slider movement. The invention includes manufacturing head gimbal assemblies, actuator arms, voice coil actuator assemblies, and hard disk drives. The hard disk drives, actuator assemblies, actuator arms, and head gimbal assemblies, are products of these processes.

An implantable system for the defibrillation of the atria of a patient's heart comprises (a) a first catheter configured for insertion into the right atrium of the heart, preferably without extending into the right ventricle of the heart; a first atrial defibrillation electrode carried by the first catheter and positioned at the atrial septum of the heart (i.e., an atrial septum electrode); (b) a second atrial defibrillation electrode which together with the first atrial defibrillation electrode provides a pair of atrial defibrillation electrodes that are configured for orientation in or about the patient's heart to effect atrial defibrillation, and (c) a pulse generator operatively associated with the pair of atrial defibrillation electrodes for delivering a first atrial defibrillation pulse to the heart of the patient. The second electrode may be configured for positioning through the coronary sinus ostium and in the coronary sinus or a vein on the surface of the left ventricle, such as the great vein. An additional electrode configured for positioning in the superior vena cava, right atrium (including the right atrial appendage, or the right ventricle may also be included, and the pulse generator may be configured or programmed for concurrently delivering a first defibrillation pulse through the additional electrode and the atrial septum electrode, and a second defibrillation pulse through the atrial septum electrode and the second electrode. Electrode assemblies and methods useful for carrying out the invention are also disclosed.

Disclosed are current sink and source circuits, a charge pump that incorporates them, and a phase locked loop that incorporates the charge pump. The current sink and source circuits each have a current mirror that biases a transistor connected to an output node. These circuits each further have a two-stage feedback amplifier to sense the current mirror drain voltage and to control the transistor gate voltage in order to stabilize the current mirror drain voltage independent of output voltage at the output node. The amplifier also increases output resistance at the output node. This configuration allows for a wide operation voltage range and ensures good circuit performance under a very low power supply. A charge pump that incorporates these circuits generates highly matched charging and discharging currents. A PLL that incorporates this charge pump exhibits minimal bandwidth shifts and minimal locking speed and jitter performance degradation.

A laser-sustained plasma light source with a bulb for enclosing a relatively cool gas environment, and an electrode disposed at least partially within the gas environment. A power supply applies a potential to the electrode, where the power supply is sufficient to create a corona discharge at the electrode within the gas environment, and the power supply is not sufficient to produce an arc discharge within the gas environment. The corona discharge thereby produces a relatively heated gas environment. A pump laser source focuses a laser beam within the gas environment, where the laser beam is sufficient to ignite a plasma in the relatively heated gas environment, but is not sufficient to ignite a plasma in the relatively cool gas environment.

The invention discloses a flexible cell management system and belongs to the cell management and energy storage field. The flexible cell management system can realize flexible measurement, protection and management on cells of the cell groups, has low requirements for external voltages and can be directly connected with AC. The flexible cell management system comprises multiple cell management units connected in serial and in parallel, wherein each cell management unit comprises one or two cells and four or six switches, and can realize external port positive connection, reverse connection and bypass functions, and the switches can any type of diodes, triodes, relays, thyristors, silicon controlled rectifiers, MOS tubes and IGBTs and can also be combination of all the types above to form a bi-directional switch module or device. The flexible cell management system can be composed of multiple cell management units in series, in parallel, in series and then in parallel, in parallel and then in series, or in hybrid connection mode. The flexible cell management system has low requirements for external charging and discharging voltages and can even realize external AC charging and discharging, the flexible cell management system further improves reliability of the cell groups, and internal resistance can be easily and accurately measured.

A white light-emitting OLED device comprising: an anode and a cathode; at least four light-emitting layers provided between the anode and the cathode, wherein each of the four light-emitting layers produces a different emission spectrum when current passes between the anode and cathode, and such spectra combine to form white light; and wherein the four light-emitting layers include a red light-emitting layer, a yellow light-emitting layer, a blue light-emitting layer, and a green light-emitting layer, arranged such that: i) each of the light-emitting layers is in contact with at least one other light-emitting layer, ii) the blue light-emitting layer is in contact with the green light-emitting layer, and iii) the red light-emitting layer is in contact with only one other light-emitting layer.

A white light-emitting OLED device having a spaced anode and cathode and comprising: a blue light-emitting layer disposed between the anode and cathode; a green light-emitting layer in contact with the blue light-emitting layer; a red light-emitting layer in contact with either the blue light-emitting layer or the green light-emitting layer; and an electron-transporting layer disposed between the light-emitting layers and the cathode, wherein the red light-emitting layer, green light-emitting layer, blue light-emitting layer, and the electron-transporting layer each include an independently selected anthracene compound.

A lens driver or lens driver circuitry for an ophthalmic apparatus comprising an electronic system which actuates a variable-focus optic is disclosed herein. The lens driver is part of an electronic system incorporated into the ophthalmic apparatus. The electronic system includes one or more batteries or other power sources, power management circuitry, one or more sensors, clock generation circuitry, control algorithms and circuitry, and lens driver circuitry. The lens driver circuitry includes one or more power sources, one or more high voltage generators and one or more switching circuits.

The invention provides a variable-speed constant-frequency wind power generation device having an energy storing device. An output shaft of a wind turbine with a fixed propeller pitch is connected to an input shaft of a permanent magnet generator; the permanent magnet generator is coaxially connected to a regulating motor; an armature winding of the permanent magnet generator is connected to a power grid through a primary synchronization switch; the armature winding of the regulating motor is connected to an alternating current end of an engine aside converter; a direct current end of the engine aside converter is connected to the direct current end of a net aside converter; the energy storing device is connected to the direct current end of the engine aside converter through a charge-discharge device; an alternating end of the net aside converter is connected to a low-voltage end of a transformer; and a high-voltage end of the transformer is connected to the power grid through a secondary synchronization switch. The invention applies the energy storing device in the permanent magnet wind power generation device, therefore realizing the stable variable-speed constant-frequency running as well as flexibly changing the active power and the reactive power output by a power generation device based on the self-regulation capability when the maximum wind power is transformed so as to ensure the power balance of the power grid.

An oscillator formed from low cost discrete semiconductors and passive devices creates a linear periodic ramp of constant frequency with ramp slope based on an external voltage signal. Parameters are stable over a wide range of temperatures and variations of transistor parameters that normally degrade in extreme environments. The oscillator period can be phase and frequency synchronized to an external clock source over a wide range of frequencies. The oscillator ramp generator phase can be synchronized on a cycle by cycle basis for incorporation in power converters employing spread spectral EMI reduction techniques, multi-converter systems employing clock interleaving for distribution bus filter optimization, and resonant mode converters employing zero voltage switching techniques. Oscillator ramp rate is independent of frequency and can be synchronized to DC (inhibit) for use in ultra low power burst mode power conversion.

A reactor for corona destruction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), a multi-surface catalyst for the reactor and a method of making the catalyst for the reactor. The reactor has a catalyst of a high dielectric material with an enhanced surface area. A catalyst layer stack is formed by depositing a high dielectric layer on a substrate and, then depositing a conductive layer on the dielectric layer. The catalyst layer stack is bombarded by low RF energy ions to form an enhanced surface area and to form a protective layer over the conductive layer. Catalyst layer stacks may be joined back to form double-sided catalyst layer stacks. The catalyst layer stack may be diced into small pieces that are used in the reactor or the whole catalyst layer stack may be used.

A water treatment apparatus that includes a cation exchange chamber containing a cation exchange resin and an anion exchange chamber containing an anion exchange resin. A bipolar interface is located between the resin chambers and defines a zone of water disassociation. A cathode communicates with the cation exchange chamber through a cation exchange membrane. An anode communicates with the anion exchange chamber through an anion exchange membrane. Dilution or flushing water flows through cathode and anode chambers and conveys captured ions to a drain or other waste connection. A baffle may be used in some configurations to divide a resin chamber into an exhausted resin region and a regenerated resin region and causes incoming water to flow through the exhausted resin region first. The exhausted resin region is located near its associated electrode, thus improving the electrical efficiency of the cell. In an alternate design, the apparatus includes a cathode / anode chamber, an anode chamber and an auxiliary electrode chamber disposed between the cathode / anode chamber and a cation exchange media chamber. An anion exchange membrane separates the cathode / anode chamber from the auxiliary electrode chamber. The anode chamber, cathode / anode chamber and auxiliary electrode chamber are energized in predetermined sequences to create both service cycles which produce softened water with reduced ionic content and cleaning cycles to de-scale the auxiliary electrode chamber and / or anion exchange membrane located between the cathode / anode chamber and the auxiliary electrode chamber.

A light-emitting element has a cathode, an anode, a light-emitting portion interposed between the cathode and the anode and having a light-emitting layer that emits light on energization between the cathode and the anode, and a hole-injection layer interposed between and in direct contact with the anode and the light-emitting layer and having a capability of receiving holes, and the hole-injection layer is mainly composed of a benzidine derivative.

An OLED device having two spaced electrodes, and including a first light-emitting layer that produces green emission and includes an anthracene host and a 2,6-diaminoanthracene light-emitting dopant, and a second light-emitting layer that produces red emission and includes a host and a red light-emitting dopant.

The invention relates to an electric circuit breaker. The circuit breaker comprises at least one mobile contact with operating means (2) for operating the same. An electric motor (6) is arranged for driving the operating means (2). The motor (6) is powered from a current source (50) via a current converter (40). According to the invention, the motor (6) and / or current converter (40) are greatly under-dimensioned in relation to the output the current converter is designed to deliver. This is possible because the operating duration is so brief. Under-dimensioning results in extensive cost-savings. The invention also relates to an electric plant equipped with such a circuit breaker. The invention further relates to the use of such a circuit breaker and a method for breaking electric current in the corresponding fashion.

Memory devices are provided, having a ferroelectric memory array and a zero cancellation system with one or more zero cancellation circuits for coupling a negative charge to a memory array bitline through a zero cancellation capacitor while a memory cell plateline signal is applied during a read operation, wherein one or more layers of the zero cancellation system layout is identical or substantially identical to that of the memory cells of the array.

A ferroelectric varactor suitable for capacitive shunt switching is disclosed. High resistivity silicon with a SiO2 layer and a patterned metallic layer deposited on top is used as the substrate. A ferroelectric thin-film layer deposited on the substrate is used for the implementation of the varactor. A top metal electrode is deposited on the ferroelectric thin-film layer forming a CPW transmission line. By using the capacitance formed by the large area ground conductors in the top metal electrode and bottom metallic layer, a series connection of the ferroelectric varactor with the large capacitor defined by the ground conductors is created. The large capacitor acts as a short to ground, eliminating the need for vias. In one embodiment, the varactor shunt switch can be used as passive sensor with the capability of being wireless.

A differential to single-ended signal transfer circuit that allows increased gain and improved AC performance while reducing power supply voltage requirements. The transfer circuit includes a first operational transconductance amplifier (OTA), a second operational amplifier (OPA), first and second controlled current sources, a third current source, and first and second bipolar junction transistors. The inverting and non-inverting inputs of the transfer circuit are provided at the inverting input and the non-inverting input, respectively, of the OTA, which is coupled to the first and second controlled current sources to form a current mirror with tracking feedback. The output voltage of the transfer circuit is provided at the emitter of the first transistor, the base of which is connected to the non-inverting input INp. The first transistor is coupled to the third current source in an emitter follower configuration to provide both current gain and impedance matching. The base of the second transistor is connected to the inverting input of the transfer circuit. The OPA is coupled between the respective emitters of the first and second transistors in a voltage follower configuration.