The invention discloses a single-component water-based silicon-fluorine modified acrylate emulsion wood lacquer and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, weighing a certain amount of water, an emulsifier, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, styrene, acrylic acid and hydroxyethyl methylacrylate; S2, mixing the raw materials to obtain a pre-emulsion A; S3, mixing a part of the pre-emulsion A, vinyl triisopropoxy silane and a silicon-fluorine modified resin to obtain an organic silicon-fluorine pre-emulsion B; S4, mixing water, part of the pre-emulsion A, ammonium persulfate and sodium bicarbonate to obtain a solution, heating the solution to 80-85 DEG C, and stirring until the solution presents blue light; S5, adding an ammonium persulfate aqueous solution and the pre-emulsion A, adding the organic silicon-fluorine pre-emulsion B after the pre-emulsion A is added, then heating to 85-90 DEG C, keeping the temperature for 2-3 hours, then cooling to 65-70 DEG C, adding tert-butyl hydroperoxide and sodium erythorbate, and keeping the temperature for 0.5-1 hour; and S6, cooling to room temperature, adding a preservative and a defoaming agent, and then adjusting the pH value to 7-8 to obtain a finished product.