147results about How to "High pH" patented technology

A high pH and a low pH process for reducing the degree of polymerization of a pulp having a hemicellulose content of at least 7%. The high pH is greater than 8, and the low pH process is 2 to 8. The high pH process reduces the degree of polymerization without substantially increasing the copper number. The low pH process requires a subsequent treatment with alkali to reduce the copper number of the pulp to less than 2. The process can be practiced in pulp mills with a bleaching sequence having one or more E or D stages. At the end of the bleach sequence, a pulp having a degree of polymerization of 200 to 1100, a copper number of less than 2, and a hemicellulose content of at least 7% is provided. The pulp can be used to make lyocell fibers.

A hybrid porous structure may include a base template and an ionic polymer coating layer within the base template. The structural framework of the base template itself is non-porous. The base template fills the gaps among a plurality of imaginary spherical bodies stacked in three-dimensions as an imaginary stack. The ionic polymer coating layer is laminated on an inner surface of the base template inside the imaginary spherical bodies. The imaginary spherical bodies may have a pore in the center which is not occupied by the ionic polymer coating layer. The hybrid porous structure may include a plurality of necks, which are openings formed in a contact part where adjacent imaginary spherical bodies contact each other. The necks may be interconnected to the pores located in the center part of the imaginary spherical bodies.

The present invention discloses methods of bleaching chemical pulp that use xylanase enzymes after chemical bleaching. The method comprises the steps of carrying out a chlorine dioxide stage to produce a partially bleached pulp, treating the partially bleached pulp with a xylanase enzyme, optionally in the presence of oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, in a mild extraction stage, then bleaching the pulp with a second chlorine dioxide stage. The method allows the mill to decrease the usage of sodium hydroxide or other alkali, while decreasing the use of chlorine dioxide, and possibly improving the yield and strength of the pulp, while maintaining a similar level of bleached brightness of the pulp. The pulp bleaching method of the present invention may be performed in a pulp mill as part of a complex pulp bleaching process.

An apparatus for recovering nutrients or water from digestate comprises one or more solid-liquid separation units, an ammonia stripping device, and a gas scrubbing unit. In a process, digestate is separated into a solids portion and a liquid portion. Ammonia is stripped from the liquid portion and converted into an ammonium salt solution which may be sold or used as, or blended with, a fertilizer product. Optionally, at least part of the remaining liquid portion may be concentrated to produce brine. The brine is mixed with the solids portion. The mixture may be dried and used as, or blended with, a fertilizer product. Optionally, a least part of the remaining liquid portion may be re-used as dilution water in a digester. A solids portion of the digestate, and one or both of an ammonium salt solution and a brine, may be used as fertilizer without thermal drying.

A method of cleaning a soiled load in an automatic dishwasher comprising the step of contacting the load with a phosphate free wash liquor comprising exfoliated nanoclay, the liquor having a pH of from about 9 to about 12 and an ionic strength of from about 0.001 to about 0.02 moles / l.

An object of the present invention is to provide a coated article having excellent finish and corrosion resistance unaffected by a chemical conversion coating solution even if water washing after a pretreatment step is omitted and a pretreatment solution is carried as a contaminant into an electrodeposition coating composition.The present invention provides a method for forming a multilayer coating film comprising a chemical conversion coating film (F1) and an electrodeposition coating film (F2); the method comprising the following steps.Step 1: immersing a metal substrate in a coating film forming agent (1) as a chemical conversion coating solution to form a chemical conversion coating film (F1); andStep 2: without water washing, subjecting the metal substrate to electrodeposition coating using a coating film forming agent (2) as a cationic electrodeposition coating composition (I) to form an electrodeposition coating film (F2).

The invention relates to the technical field of textile printing and dyeing and provides a low-temperature soaping agent. The low-temperature soaping agent can soap surface dyeing of a dyed object at a lower temperature (60 DEG C), is not easy to foam, can chelate metal ions, has stronger combined dyeing capability and effectively prevents from staining. Meanwhile, the invention further provides a method for preparing the low-temperature soaping agent and an application of the low-temperature soaping agent. The low-temperature soaping agent is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 50-75% of maleic-acrylic copolymer, 5-15% of a surfactant, 0.1-0.5% of a de-foaming agent, 1-5% of ethanediamine di-o-hydroxyphenyl sodium acetate and the balance of de-ionized water.

The invention relates to a method for making a coffee composition, the method comprising separating coffee beans from the pulp and husk of a coffee cherry, roasting the coffee beans, and adding dried pulp and / or husk of the coffee cherry to the roasted coffee beans. The invention also relates to a coffee composition comprising roasted coffee beans and pulp of a coffee cherry and / or husk of a coffee cherry. The invention further relates to a coffee beverage comprising a coffee composition of the invention, and to the use of pulp and / or husk of a coffee cherry to modify the taste of a coffee composition made of coffee beans.

The invention provides a washing method for affinity chromatography in which a wash solution comprising arginine, or an arginine derivative, at pH greater than 8.0, is effective in removing impurities without the presence of a nonbuffering salt, while simultaneously increasing product concentration in the eluate and maintaining a high percent yield of recovered product.

The present invention refers to a solid dosage form comprising an inner coating located between a core containing a pharmaceutically active ingredient and an outer enteric coating; wherein said inner coating comprises a partially neutralized anionic polymeric material, and at least a carboxylic acid having 2 to 16 carbon atoms the salts thereof or mixtures of said acid and its salt; wherein said outer coating comprises an anionic polymeric material which is less or not at all neutralized than the material of the inner coating.

A nanocatalyst, dual catalyst and methods for improving the efficiency and output of a biomass gasification process are provided where the catalysts comprise a volatile organometallic compound(s) and / or a nanoalloy catalyst. By the catalyst and method, a very high biomass gasification conversion efficiency of over 85% can be achieved. The subject nanocatalyst cracks and gasifies lignin, which is generally inert in conventional gasification, at relatively low gasification temperatures. The subject disclosure also provides a means to increase gas yields and lower lignin content in the resulting product relative to conventional gasification. Alternatively, oil production may be increased, if desired. Moreover, the resulting gas may achieve a Fischer-Tropsch reactor favorable H2:CO ratio of about 9:1. The energy input to the gasification is correspondingly reduced to reduce costs and the environmental impact associated with the gasification process.

The invention relates to the field of treatment to heavy metal pollution in water and soil, in particular to a preparation method of multi-site activated and modified reed-lutarioriparius biochar andapplication thereof to removal of heavy metals zinc and cadmium. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly washing, drying and crushing reed-lutarioriparius biomass, ultrasonicallystirring in an aqueous manganese ore powder solution thoroughly, then performing low-temperature hydrothermal carbonization to produce unactivated and unmodified biochar, then soaking the biochar ina calcium chloride-hydrogen peroxide mixed solution, activating a biochar-calcium chloride-hydrogen peroxide mixed solution by using microwave, and then modifying the dried biochar through ultravioletradiation to obtain activated and modified biochar, wherein the obtained biochar is applied to the removal of the heavy metals zinc and cadmium in the water and the soil. An application method comprises the following steps: adding the activated and modified biochar into heavy metal zinc and cadmium wastewater for an adsorption reaction; or directly adding into heavy metal zinc and cadmium contaminated soil, thoroughly mixing uniformly, and aging for a period of time to complete bioremediation of heavy metal zinc and cadmium pollution in the soil.

The invention discloses geopolymer foamed light aggregate concrete. The material is composed of slag-fly ash composite micro powder, an alkali activator, inorganic super-light aggregate, high-molecular polymer powder, inorganic staple fibers, a hydrogen peroxide chemical foaming agent, a foaming catalyst, an inorganic porous carrier and a foam stabilizer. The method for preparing the geopolymer foamed light aggregate concrete comprises the following steps: mixing and manufacturing various components according to a certain ratio. The problems that the strength of the conventional cement-based foam concrete material is greatly decreased when used for high-temperature insulation and foams and bubbles difficultly grow due to too fast setting of slag-based geopolymer foamed cement and the like can be effectively solved. Therefore, the durability of the foamed light aggregate geopolymer concrete layer is obviously improved, and the light aggregate concrete can be used for promoting energy-saving insulation of low-temperature and normal-pressure building envelopes, decreasing the dead weight of walls and reducing CO2 emission, contributes to improving ecological and economic benefits and is extremely convenient in construction. The construction cost and material cost can be greatly reduced.

A nanoalloy catalyst, dual catalyst and methods for improving the efficiency and output of a biomass gasification process are provided where the catalysts comprise a volatile organometallic compound(s) and / or a nanoalloy catalyst. The subject nanoalloy catalyst cracks and gasifies lignin, which is generally inert in conventional gasification, at relatively low gasification temperatures. The subject disclosure also provides a means to increase gas yields and lower lignin content in the resulting product relative to conventional gasification. Alternatively, oil production may be increased, if desired. Moreover, the resulting gas may achieve a Fischer-Tropsch reactor favorable H2:CO ratio of up to about 9:1. The energy input to the gasification is correspondingly reduced to reduce costs and the environmental impact associated with the gasification process.

A method for producing flavoring materials consisting of a flavor and a simple matrix material that are GRAS or approved for use in food, and that will be stable under extremely adverse conditions, greater than 50% moisture, high pH, high temperature stability (60° C.), yet be released in the oral cavity; without the use of organic solvents, and with the use of inexpensive materials and unsophisticated equipment.

The invention relates to a water distribution structure and a water distribution method of an SPE (Solid Phase Extraction) electrolytic tank. The water distribution structure comprises a water collecting tank, an ion exchange membrane, an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, wherein the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are positioned on two sides of the ion exchange membrane; an ion exchange membrane material is an anion exchange membrane or a cation exchange membrane; the anode chamber is provided with an anode water inlet and an anode water outlet; the cathode chamber is provided with a cathode water inlet and a cathode water outlet; the water collecting tank is provided with a water collecting tank water inlet and a water collecting tank water outlet; a waste water source to be treated is connected to the anode water inlet, the anode water outlet is connected to the water collecting tank water inlet, the water collecting tank water outlet is connected to the cathode water inlet, and the cathode water outlet is connected to treated treating water. According to the water distribution structure, a water distribution mode is simple, and tap water is unnecessary to add as catholyte; anode effluent water is low in pH, and the anode effluent water greatly reduces the pH of a cathode and reduces the pH concentration difference between a cathode and an anode after entering the cathode, so that the pressure of the electrolytic tank is greatly reduced; because the pH of the cathode is reduced, the cathode is reduced in scaling and blocking probability; final effluent water is in proximity to neutrality.

A method of treating sleep disorder breathing in a patient, the method comprising in a first step providing a set of oral appliances comprising a first and at least a second oral appliance (30). Each of the first and at least second oral appliances comprises a generally U shaped appliance body including an inner wall (34), an outer wall (36), and a web (38) interconnecting the inner wall and the outer wall. The web has a front section and two arms with trailing ends. The web comprises at least one breathing hole (80) so as to define a total cross sectional area for breathing and the total cross sectional area for breathing of the first oral appliance is larger than the total cross sectional area for breathing of the second oral appliance. In a second step, a patient wears the first oral appliance in a first treatment stage whilst sleeping for a first period of time and in a third step the patient wears the second oral appliance in a second treatment stage whilst sleeping for a second period of time.

The invention provides a composition useful to prepare high titer influenza viruses, e.g., in the absence of helper virus, which includes internal genes from an influenza virus vaccine strain or isolate, e.g., one that is safe in humans, for instance, one that does not result in significant disease, and genes from vaccine seed virus isolates which include a HA gene segment with a HA2 sequence encoding a HA2 that confers enhanced growth in cells in culture, such as Vero cells.

A method for using heavy metal mild pollution spirulina to extract phycocyanin, and using its algal residue as principal substrate to adsorb and remove lead, arsenic and cadmium in the water, pertains to the field of environmental biotechnology. The method can be widely used in innocent treatment of mild heavy metal pollution spirulina without accessing market standards in industrial production. The inventive method has main features the method adopts the features of mild heavy metal pollution that it only stick on cell walls, uses a improved purification method to obtain spirulina further processed product phycocyanin that conforms to safety criterion and has higher economic value, wherein, the accompanying diagram is a mass spectrogram of the extracted phycocyanin; and fixs the algal residues, for preparing biological adsorbent for obtaining lead, arsenic, cadmium and other heavy metals.

The invention relates to a meta titanate treatment method, comprising the following steps of: pulping metatitanic acid; adding an alkaline compound into the metatitanic acid pulp until the pH value is above 3; filtering and washing; adding dissoluble aluminum salt, dissoluble phosphate, dissoluble potassium-containing compounds and zinc-containing compounds into a filter cake and mixing uniformly; and calcining and crushing to obtain titanium dioxide. Compared with the prior art, the meta titanate treatment method provided by the invention has the advantages that the energy consumption is reduced; the production efficiency is improved; and the mellowness of the titanium dioxide is improved.

A novel method for improving the tissue quality of an animal is provided. The method comprises feeding the animal a diet supplemented with gamma-tocopherol in an amount effective to improve the tissue quality. The gamma-tocopherol may be fed alone or in combination with other antioxidants, such as alpha-tocopherol. The method may be practiced on ruminants and non-ruminants.

A bio oil pyrolysis and conditioning system produces a useful fuel oil. The pyrolysis system includes an auger carrying biomass feed material though an oxygen rare pyrolysis chamber. Vapor phase bio oil is collected at three locations along the length of the pyrolysis chamber and carried from the pyrolysis chamber to condensers and quenched by a water spray before release into the condensers. The water also serving as a solvent to reduce pH in the liquid phase raw bio oil. The raw bio oil is carried to a conditioning system where the raw bio oil resides in a separation tank where the water separates and is removed producing refined bio oil. Ethanol is mixed with the refined bio oil to provide the fuel oil.

The invention discloses a biochar-based soil conditioner capable of deactivating dryland soil-contained heavy metals and application thereof. The biochar-based soil conditioner is composed of, by weight percentage, 30-45% of biochar, 5-10% of dipotassium phosphate, 3-5% of potassium sulfate, 10-15% of calcium magnesium phosphate, 5-10% of humic acid, 15-30% of limestone and 5-20% of dolomite. Theapplication method of the biochar-based soil conditioner comprises applying the biochar-based soil conditioner to the surface of soil, ploughing the soil to uniformly mix the biochar-based soil conditioner with the soil, and after 10-20 days of balancing, performing planting or transplanting. The biochar-based soil conditioner can achieve resource utilization of straw, and meanwhile through synergistic effects of the components, achieve the aim of deactivating soil heavy metals, inhibiting heavy metal absorption of vegetables and improving quality of soil and vegetables and further achieve theaim of production and restorage integration of heavy metal contaminated drylands.

A pasta or rice meal in which the pasta has been acidified to ensure shelf stability. In order to provide the meal so as not to have the uncharacteristically unpleasant taste of acidic flavor notes by mixing a sauce which has had its pH modified by a mixture of an edible alkaline or base substance into the sauce. Methods of providing the meal including packaging of the pasta / rice separately from the sauce are also disclosed.