116 results about "Environmental biotechnology" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental organisms, and relates to paracoccus denitrifican with heterotrophic denitrification, autotrophic denitrification and iron reduction functions and a culturing method and an application thereof. The bacterium is paracoccus denitrifican ZGL1 with the collection number CCTCC M2012158, and can be used for completing heterotrophic denitrification and autotrophic denitrification processes (including sulfur autotrophic denitrification and iron autotrophic denitrification) and effectively reducing ferric iron. During waste gas treatment, reduction of Fe(II)EDTA-NO and regeneration of Fe(II)EDTA are realized simultaneously for the same strain in a BioDeNOX denitration process, the aim of continuously denitrating is fulfilled, and low energy consumption, small investment and low running cost are realized. During waste water treatment, the strain can be used for removing nitrate and nitrite from waste water in a heterotrophic denitrification process, can be applied to waste water denitrification through sulfur autotrophic denitrification and iron autotrophic denitrification processes, is low in cost, and has a simple process.

The related treatment method for domestic garbage comprises: adding 0.5-1.0% aerobic microbe into the fermentation room; breaking, air separating, and collecting exudate for standby; taking first fermentation for 15-25day to let water content in compost material as 30-40%, and collecting exudate for standby; adding aerobic microbe again and former exudates to keep water content as 45-55%for second static fermentation for 25-35day. This invention has well effect with low cost.

The invention relates to a biological repair method for petroleum polluted saline-alkali soil, and belongs to the technical field of environmental biology. According to the principle of microbial ecology, the method regulates the microbial ecological system of the soil by using active sludge and waste biomass, strengthens the biodegradation of petroleum pollution, neutralizes the alkali substances in the soil, and improves the permeability of the soil so as to fulfill the purpose of repairing the polluted soil. The method can effectively treat and dispose the residual sludge and the biomass waste, repair the petroleum polluted soil, reduce the salinization degree of the soil and improve the quality of the soil, and is simple in process and low in treatment cost.

The invention relates to a combined method for repairing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon polluted soil and disposing residual active sludge of sewage treatment, and belongs to the technical field of environmental biology. The method mainly comprises the following steps of: mixing and composting the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon polluted soil, the residual active sludge and the biomass waste to obtain partial matured compost, and applying the compost to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon polluted soil to repair. The method can effectively treat and dispose the residual active sludge and repair the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon polluted soil, and is simple in process and low in cost.

The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum biological technology and environment biological technology, and particularly relates to a method of utilizing a biosurfactant and a microbial agent to treat oil-containing sediment.The method includes following steps: inoculating biosurfactant producing bacteria and microbial agent seed liquid which are cultured well through expansion according to an inoculating amount with a volume ratio of 2-8% into a fermentation tank culture medium after being sterilized, wherein the fermentation culture medium contains necessary carbon source, nitrogen source, inorganic salt and trace elements; adjusting pH value of the fermentation culture medium; ventilating, stirring and fermenting to obtain the biosurfactant or the microbial agent.By adopting the method, residual crude oil of oil-containing sediment can be well emulsified, and the method has effect of lowering oil content of the oil-containing sediment.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly composite microorganism preparation and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of environmental biology; the composite microorganism preparation of the invention comprises the following components: (1) a composite microbial agent accounting for 10% of the total weight and comprising sporobolomyces, bacillus sphaericus, lactobacillus plantarum and rhodobacter sphaeroides; (2) a microorganism carrier accounting for 90% of the total weight and comprising 20-50 parts of wheat bran or rice bran, 160-300 parts of organic bentonite, and 40-80 parts of water. The invention compounds bacteria and fungi, enlarges the application scope, and is applicable to not only deodorization treatment of municipal solid household garbage, production sewage, and the like, but also degradation of waste water polluted by heavy metal chromium.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental organisms and particularly relates to an autotrophic and allotrophic symbiosis ammonia oxidation bacterial agent for treating ammonia-nitrogen wastewater as well as a culture method and application thereof. The autotrophic and allotrophic symbiosis ammonia oxidation bacterial agent is prepared by mixing culturing nitrosomonas Nitrosomonas sp.N-1, pseudomonas Pseudomonas sp.He-X, thermomonas Thermomonas haemolytica D-2 and achromobacter Achromobacter xylosoxidans C-1 and is used for treating ammonia-nitrogen wastewater. The invention has the advantages of wide adaptation range, strong stability, environmental and toxic impact resistance and the like.

The invention belongs to the field of environmental biotechnology and particularly relates to dissimilatory iron reducing bacteria and an application thereof. The dissimilatory iron reducing bacteria provided by the invention is Klebsiella oxytoca IMFRCUG-1 which is collected in the China Center for Type Culture Collection on May 27th, 2015, with a collection number CCTCC NO:M2015332. The Klebsiella oxytoca IMFRCUG-1 provided by the invention has a relatively strong reducing function for dissimilatory reduction of Fe(III) and can effectively reduce the Fe(III) in ferric citrate and montmorillonite. Through the invention, the application research idea in the functions of Klebsiella oxytoca is widened, a new material is provided for the control of environmental pollutants by the dissimilatory iron reducing bacteria, and the Klebsiella oxytoca has relatively high value in practical application.

A method for using heavy metal mild pollution spirulina to extract phycocyanin, and using its algal residue as principal substrate to adsorb and remove lead, arsenic and cadmium in the water, pertains to the field of environmental biotechnology. The method can be widely used in innocent treatment of mild heavy metal pollution spirulina without accessing market standards in industrial production. The inventive method has main features the method adopts the features of mild heavy metal pollution that it only stick on cell walls, uses a improved purification method to obtain spirulina further processed product phycocyanin that conforms to safety criterion and has higher economic value, wherein, the accompanying diagram is a mass spectrogram of the extracted phycocyanin; and fixs the algal residues, for preparing biological adsorbent for obtaining lead, arsenic, cadmium and other heavy metals.

The invention relates to a Gordonia sp. QH-11 bacterial strain which is separated from activated sludge and can efficiently degrade phthalate ester environmental hormone, provides a preparation method of the bacterium agent, and belongs to the field of environmental biotechnology. The bacterial strain is preserved in China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center with a preservation number of CGMCC No. 5276; the 16S rDNA gene sequence of the bacterial strain has been submitted to GenBank database with an accession number of JN641798. The production method of the bacterium agent comprises the following 5 steps of: culture medium preparation, bacterial strain activation, liquid seed preparation, liquid fermentation, and bacterium agent preparation, wherein the fermentation medium adopts sweet potato starch waste water as a main raw material. The degrading bacterium agent produced by the technical scheme of the invention has low production cost, can efficiently degrade phthalate ester environmental hormone in the environment, and can protect ecological environment and human health.

The invention relates to a white rot fungi continuous high-efficient enzyme producing method, which belongs to the environmental biotechnical field and can be applied in the condition of difficult degradation of organic waste water treatment and environmental repair. In order to realize the aims of the invention, the white rot fungi continuous high-efficient enzyme producing method uses cobs as growth carriers and supplemental nutrition substrates of white rot fungus, utilizes an air-lift fermentation apparatus and optimizes the fermentation conditions, realizes continuous high-efficient output of lignin peroxidases and manganese peroxidases, and simultaneously reduces the enzyme production cost.

The invention relates to the technical field of genetic engineering and protein transformation, in particular to a xylanase thermohaline modified mutant and application thereof .The amino acid sequence of the mutant S27B05 is shown as SEQ ID NO.1 .Compared with wide enzymes, activity at 0 DEG C and 80 DEG C, heat stability at 37 DEG C, activity in 10.0 mM beta-Mercaptoethanol, CoCl2, MnSO4, Pb(CH3COOH)2, ZnSO4 and FeSO4, activity in NaCl of 15.0-30.0% (w / v) and stability in NaCl of 30.0% (w / v) of the mutation xylanase S27B05 are improved .The mutation xylanase S27B05 can be applied to technical fields such as food industry, aquatic feed, low-temperature and high-salt environment biont.

The invention relates to a method for producing Bacillus megaterium efficient petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium by utilizing sweet potato starch wastewater. belonging to the technical field of environmental biology. The petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria adopts Bacillus megaterium which can separate petroleum-contaminated soil. The production method of the bacterium comprises the following five steps: preparing culture medium, activating strains, preparing liquid seeds, performing liquid state fermentation and preparing the bacterium, wherein sweet potato starch wastewater is used to provide the main carbon source and water of fermentation medium; and corn stalks are used as the carrier of microorganisms for preparing the solid bacterium. The technical scheme of the invention provides a new way for the source utilization of high concentration sweet potato starch wastewater; and the produced petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium can be used to perform efficient in-situ remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil and protect the ecological environment.

The invention relates to a production method for producing a high-efficiency phosphors-resolving penicillium oxalicum agent with heavy metal tolerance characteristic by utilizing sweet potato starch waste water and waste mushroom residue slag, which belongs to the field of environmental biotechnology. The high-efficiency penicillium oxalicum is separated and screened from topsoil of a lead zinc ore at Huayuan county of the Xiangxi autonomous region in Hunan province in the laboratory, and has the characteristic of tolerating multiple metals. According to the method, the phosphors-resolving penicillium oxalicum agent with heavy metal tolerance characteristic is produced mainly by utilizing sweet potato starch waste water and waste mushroom residue slag as main culture medium materials through adopting a liquid-solid combined fermentation method. The production method for the penicillium oxalicum agent comprises six steps of culture medium preparation, strain activation, preparation of liquid seeds, liquid-state fermentation, solid-state fermentation and aftertreatment. According to the technical scheme, the production method provides a new approach for resource utilization of the high-concentration sweet potato starch waste water and waste mushroom residue slag, and the produced penicillium oxalicum agent has the characteristics of being environment-friendly and low in production cost, and the product also has the functions of obviously improving the quality of soil environment, and promoting the growth of plants.

The invention relates to a method for producing a high-efficiency bacillus cereus organophosphorus pesticide degrading bacterium by utilizing sweet potato starch wastewater, which belongs to the technical field of environmental biology. The organophosphorus pesticide degrading bacterium adopts a strain of bacillus cereus separated from the surfaces of rape leaves. The production method for the bacterium comprises the five steps of: the preparation of a culture medium, strain activation, the preparation of liquid seeds, liquid state fermentation and the preparation of the bacterium. A main carbon source and water for the fermentation of the culture medium are provided by the sweet potato starch wastewater. In the technical scheme provided by the invention, a new way is provided for the utilization of the high-concentration sweet potato starch wastewater as resources, and the produced organophosphorus pesticide degrading bacterium can highly-efficiently degrade organophosphorus pesticide residues on leaves of plants in situ so as to ensure food safety and protect the ecological environment.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a composite bacterial agent of ammonia oxidation bacteria for removing ammonia nitrogen in sewage, and an application thereof, and belongs to the field of environmental biotechnology. The method mainly adopts activated sludge of a bioreactor for ammonia nitrogen waste water treatment as a main bacterial source to prepare the composite bacterial agent. The preparation method of the bacterial agent comprises the following steps: (1) adjusting the bioreactor for ammonia nitrogen waste water treatment to reach a process condition for high-efficient ammonia nitrogen removal, maintaining stable operation; (2) extracting part of sludge from activated sludge backflowed in a sludge sedimentation tank to obtain a composite microbial culture rich in ammonia oxidation bacteria; (3) mixing the composite microbial culture with biochar or zeolite powder carriers to prepare the bacterial agent; (4) wherein the bacterial agent is used for starting of a waste water treatment bioreactor, or enhancement of the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen in sewage. The composite bacterial agent of ammonia oxidation bacteria produced by the method has the characteristics of low production cost and good treatment effect, and reduces sludge discharge.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental biology, and particularly relates to a method for reducing and adsorbing heavy metal chromium by immobilized microorganisms. According tothe method, a mixed microbial agent of bacillus cereus and rhodococcus ruber is immobilized by gel microspheres, and heavy metal chromium pollutants are reduced; and the mixed microbial agent can reduce ferric oxide into ferrous ions by using ferric oxide as an electron donor, so that reduction of hexavalent chromium is promoted. The invention further provides a method for immobilizing the mixed microbial agent. The method comprises the following steps: using activated carbon loaded ferric oxide as a carrier, adsorbing the mixed microbial agent and promoting the mixed microbial agent to grow by using the ferric oxide; and, embedding the carrier adsorbing the mixed microbial agent by using sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol as embedding agents, so as to prepare microbial agent immobilized microspheres. The microbial agent immobilized microspheres can provide a stable growth environment for the mixed microbial agent, adapt to a toxic environment, and efficiently reduce and adsorb heavy metal ions such as chromium.

The invention discloses a bacillus thermoamylovorans strain and application thereof and belongs to the field of environmental biotechnology. The bacillus thermoamylovorans strain B202 is good in strawlignin degrading capacity and can well coexist with other stains and achieve scientific and reasonable compounding composition. When the bacillus thermoamylovorans strain is applied to compost treatment, a compost can rapidly reach a high temperature, maintain the high temperature for a long time and achieve a high lignin degradation rate, so that compost reaction can be effectively accelerated,harmless effects of the compost can be improved, and a broad application prospect can be achieved.

The invention relates to the technical fields of gene engineering and protein reconstruction, specifically to an endo-xylanase mutant with improved pH, temperature and salt adaptability and an application of the endo-xylanase mutant. The amino acid sequence of a mutant S45F07 is shown as SEQ ID NO. 1. Compared with a wild enzyme, the mutated endo-xylanase S45F07 has improved activity in the condition of pH being 4.0 and pH in a range of 9.0 to 11.0, the temperature of 80 DEG C and 90 DEG C, the concentration of NaCl in a range of 3.0-25.0% (w / v) and the concentration of KCl in a range of 20.0-30.0% (w / v). The mutated endo-xylanase S45F07 can be applied to the biological technical fields, particularly with high salt content, such as food, feed and papermaking industry.

The invention relates to the field of environmental biotechnology, and aims to provide a united degradation method for dehydrated crude in water by petroleum degradation bacterial flora and surfactant. The method comprises specific steps as follows: (1), a petroleum-contaminated soil sample is taken and placed in a conical flask filled with a petroleum hydrocarbon degradation bacterium medium to be cultured for 5 days; part of a culture solution is transferred into a new culture medium, raw crude is added, and culture is continued for 5 days; culture is performed repeatedly for 3 times to obtain a petroleum hydrocarbon degradation bacterial flora; and (2) the culture medium and the petroleum hydrocarbon degradation bacterial flora are taken, dehydrated crude and the surfactant are added in sequence, and the added dehydrated crude is degraded through constant-temperature oscillation culture. According to the united degradation method for the dehydrated crude in the water by the petroleum degradation bacterial flora and the surfactant, environmental harm by the stubborn dehydrated crude can be removed in a thorough, efficient and low-cost manner; a bacterial flora enrichment method is simple, convenient and fast, 80% of raw crude can be degraded in 35 days only by the bacterial flora obtained through the method, and compared with degradation only through bacterial flora, the degradation efficiency is doubled through united application of the bacterial flora and the surfactant.

The invention discloses a method for detecting plasmids of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an environment and an application thereof, and relates to the fields of molecular biology and environmental biotechnology. According to the method provided by the invention, by extracting the promoter of a humanized AHR (Aromatic Hydrocarbon Receptor) gene, using a CV060 plasmid including a firefly luciferase and renilla luciferase reporter gene as a carrier and inserting the AHR gene promoter with a specific sequence, a recombined lentivirus plasmid of a reference internal type dual-luciferase reporter gene including the AHR gene promoter is built. The detection method provided by the invention is good in repeatability, high in sensitivity, reliable in detection result, and simple and convenient to operate, and can be widely applied to the detection of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the environment.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental biology, and particularly relates to a DPB (denitrifying phosphorus removing bacterium) strain and application of the DPB strain to domestic sewage treatment. DPB provided by the invention is pseudomonas aeruginosa LLHD-1, which is preserved in CCTCC (China Center for Type Culture Collection) on May 27, 2015, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO:M2015331. The pseudomonas aeruginosa LLHD-1 has good decontamination capability on sewage; the removal rate on CODcr can reach 90.7 percent; the removal rate on total nitrogen can reach 93.7 percent; and the removal rate of phosphorus reaches 51 percent.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental biology and specifically relates to a fungus and a quick cultivation method of a fungus-blue algae composite lichen crust. In the invention, exophiala oligosperma Zh2 obtained by screening belongs to a high-yield exopolysaccharides strain; the exophiala oligosperma Zh2 and blue algae are composited and applied to biological soil crust for artificial sand fixing, so that on one hand, the exophiala oligosperma Zh2 can supply a carbon source for growth of the blue algae, on the other hand, grains of sand can be cemented to form a stable aggregate, therefore, the carbon and nitrogen contents of soil and the soil enzyme activity are improved, the physical and chemical properties of the soil are improved, and the nutritional level ofthe soil is remarkably promoted. The fungus and the blue algae are mixed and inoculated on quicksand, so that a stable composite crust can be quickly formed, and the cultivation period is short; meanwhile, the stability of an artificial crust is improved, and the process of succession from an algae crust to the lichen crust is added. The drought resistant ability of the fungus-blue algae compositelichen crust cultivated by adopting the method is obviously higher than that of a single algae crust, which indicates that the composite crust can better adapt to a harsh environment of a drought region.

The invention belongs to the fields of microbial biotechnology and environmental biotechnology, particularly relates to pseudomonas and application thereof to degrading some macromolecular synthetic plastics. The pseudomonas is Pseudomonas sp. DS1001; a colony of the pseudomonas is circular and yellow white and has a smooth surface and a tidy edge; the thallus is in the shape of a short rod and is gram negative, has flagellum and does not have spore or capsule; a macromolecular compound such as polylactic acid (PLA), poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB), polycaprolactone (PCL) and the like can be used as a unique carbon source for growth; and the pseudomonas has a high-efficiency degradation effect on the compounds. The pseudomonas can be applied to treatment and biological recycling of plastic wastes taking the macromolecular material as a main component.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental biology, and specifically relates to a PCR template simple preparation method and a PCR amplification method that can be used in large-scale fungi strain identification. With the methods, fungi DNA extraction is not required. According to the fungi DNA simple preparation method, a PCR tube containing a small amount of mycelium and a small amount of a TE buffering solution is heated and broken by using a PCR amplification apparatus, such that a small amount of fungi DNA is obtained; combined with a modified PCR amplification system, a fungi DNA fragment required by the fungi identification is obtained. The method is advantaged in less steps, low cost, simple operation, good amplification effect, and environment-friendliness. The method is suitable for large-scale fungi molecular biological identifications.

The invention discloses a preparation method of penicillium oxalicum and application of penicillium oxalicum in phosphate solubilizing, growth promoting and fusarium graminearum antagonism, and belongs to the technical field of environmental biology. The penicillium oxalicum MEM02 can inhibit germination of fusarium graminearum spores in soil and remarkably reduce infection of the fusarium graminearum spores to wheat, and meanwhile the penicillium oxalicum MEM02 can efficiently solubilize phosphorus and promote plant growth. Therefore, the penicillium oxalicum MEM02 has good application prospects in the aspect of developing new biopesticides or new biological control microbial agents.