63results about How to "Compensation attenuation" patented technology

A plurality of optical communications systems including a SPW modulator are described. The communications systems include an optical transmitter coupled to an optical fiber communications link which carries a optically modulated information signal to an optical receiver. The laser transmitter includes a laser light source which is optically coupled to a SPW modulator which has been particularly adapted for broadband communications by selecting its transfer characteristic and modulation structure. A broadband signal containing a plurality of information channels, for example CATV channels, is applied to it modulator electrodes. The modulation signal varies the power coupling between the guided laser light source signal and a SPW in the modulator. The result is an intensity modulated optical signal that is output to the optical fiber for transmission to the optical receiver of the system. Alternatively, the communications system includes a high power laser coupled to an optical splitter to divide its output power in two or more optical source outputs. Each optical source output is then used to drive an associated SPW modulator. Each of the modulators receives a broadband signal with which to modulate its optical source. After modulation, the modulated lightwave from a modulator is coupled to a corresponding optical fiber for carriage to an optical receiver. In this manner, several broadband information signals can be communicated over the system using only one laser source. A net benefit from using one higher power laser, rather than several lower power ones, is one of cost, purity and similarity of the several signals. This configuration is enhanced by the lower loss and higher linearity of the SPW modulators. Further, several WDM embodiments including those having serially cascaded SPW modulators are provided. The transfer characteristic of the SPW modulators are tailored to either be more efficient for an analog or a digital modulation signal by adding or subtracting grating effects.

The present invention discloses an electrostatic chuck for clamping work substrates, said chuck comprising three layers, where the dielectric constant of included non-conductive layers is selected to provide overall lower capacitance to the chuck. In the chuck assembly of the present invention, the top dielectric layer that is in contact with a substrate, such as, for example, a wafer, has a dielectric constant that is preferably greater than about 5, with a resistivity that is preferably greater than about 1E6 ohm.m, whereas the bottom dielectric layer has a dielectric constant that is preferably less than about 5 and a resistivity that is preferably greater than about 1E10 ohm.m. The intermediate layer preferably has a conductive layer where the resistivity is less than about 1 ohm.m. The electrostatic chuck may be bonded to heat sinks coated with anti-arc dielectrics. The heat sink can also be used as an RF electrode. The heat sink may have provisions for coolants and gas channels to feed a cooling gas to the backside of a wafer. The heat sink may have feed thrus to power the segmented electrodes in the electrostatic chuck. The passages for the feed thrus, gas feed holes and lift pins may be lined with ceramics or polymers to prevent any discharge to the heat sink. The electrostatic chuck is for clamping work substrates like Si, GaAs, SiO2, etc. used in semiconductor tools.

An organic light emitting diode display includes a data driving circuit which converts pixel data into a data voltage and supplies the data voltage to data lines during a data enable period, and senses changes in driving characteristics of a display panel within an extended vertical blank period, a scan driving circuit which supplies a scan pulse synchronized with the data voltage to scan lines during the data enable period, and outputs a scan pulse within the extended vertical blank period, and a timing controller which compensates for data of an input image using a compensation value determined based on the changes in the driving characteristics, transmits the compensated data to the data driving circuit, and controls operation timing of the data driving circuit and operation timing of the scan driving circuit.

A closed circuit hydraulic system includes a fluid reservoir, a hydraulic cylinder having a cylinder rod, a bidirectional variable displacement hydraulic pump that pumps fluid to either extend or retract the cylinder rod on demand, a flow control valve for relieving pressure between the variable displacement hydraulic pump and the cylinder, and a low pressure check valve between the variable displacement hydraulic pump and the fluid reservoir. Also included is a charge pump for charging the variable displacement hydraulic pump and an accumulator for saving extra energy and fluid from the hydraulic cylinder during the retraction of an extended cylinder rod and using that fluid and energy during the extension of the hydraulic cylinder to reduce a load on the charge pump. The flow control valve opens on demand to allow floating. The low pressure check valve opens when pressure at an inlet of the variable displacement hydraulic pump is low to provide additional fluid and pressure so as to avoid cavitation. A method for using the closed circuit hydraulic system is also provided.

An insurance product for protecting a wage earner against a reduction in compensation resulting from an event such as involuntary dismissal from employment or military service activation, and subsequent reemployment at a reduced compensation. An insurance product may elect to recover a vesting percentage of paid premiums or to convert a conversion percentage of paid premiums to an equity-building vehicle, such as an annuity, life insurance policy, pension, or an insurance device, such as long term disability insurance or health care insurance. A method for providing and implementing an insurance product to protect a wage earner against a reduction in compensation resulting from such an event is also disclosed.

A write precompensation amount setting method and apparatus comprise a function detecting the respective head characteristics with an electric current used at an ordinary temperature and a irregular electric current, and a function setting an optimum write precompensation amount at a low temperature according to the detected head characteristics.As a result, a write precompensation amount is corrected according to the characteristics of the normal current and the irregular current, and a write precompensation amount is determined, so that the write precompensation amount with higher accuracy than that with a conventional technique can be determined.

It is an object to prevent the image quality deterioration of a moving image likely to include a plurality of the same consecutive images such as a movie video and an animation video due to the motion-compensated frame rate conversion (FRC) processing. An image displaying device is provided with an FRC portion (10) for converting the number of frames in an input image signal by interpolating an image signal to which a motion compensation processing has been given between the frames in the input image signal, a genre determining portion (14) for determining whether the input image signal is a predetermined genre, and a controlling portion (15). The FRC portion (10) includes a motion vector detecting portion (11e) for detecting a motion vector between the frames of the input image signal, an interpolating vector evaluating portion (11f) for allocating an interpolating vector between the frames based on the motion vector information, and an interpolating frame generating portion (102) for generating an interpolating frame from the interpolating vector. In the case that the input image signal is relating to a movie or animation, the control portion (15) set the motion vector detected by the motion vector detecting portion (11e) to zero-vector to make the motion compensation processing of the FRC portion (10) ineffective.

A method for adjusting fuel injection, the method comprising during an engine start from a non-warmed-up condition, identifying a fuel quality of fuel supplied to the engine during said start based on a performance of said start, and after said start is completed and during a transient fueling condition, adjusting a fuel injection amount based on said identified fuel quality from said start.

An uninterrupted power supply unit is provided with a straightforward switch connected between a power source and a load to supply or interrupt a power to a system. The combination of the outputs from two kinds of single phase inverters enables compensating for a variation in the system voltage in the normal condition and to supply a predetermined voltage to the load after decreasing in the system voltage and opening of a straight forward switch.

A video signal compensator (10, 70, 80, 290) for selectively compensating for age-related non-uniformities in a display, receives an indication of motion or detects motion in an incoming video signal, and receives or determines an indication of amounts of compensation for the different parts of the display needed to compensate for the non-uniformities. The compensator selectively applies the needed amount of compensation to the video signal according to the indicated motion to apply less of the needed compensation where there is less motion, over at least some of the range of possible motions. This can reduce the drive levels at least where the non uniformities are less visible because of the motion in the video. The reduced drive levels can lead to less ageing and thus prolong display life. The amounts of needed compensation can be predicted or determined from measured outputs of pixels of the display.

The invention discloses a data security intelligent operation and maintenance monitoring system. A signal received by an anti-interference circuit is subjected to suppression, electromagnetic interference absorption and frequency selection and then enters a signal amplitude adjustment circuit. A first impedance conversion circuit outputs a resistance value matched with the internal resistance of the signal, and the resistance value is effectively transmitted and used as an input resistance of an operational amplifier AR1 for proportional amplification. When the signal amplitude is abnormal, asecond impedance conversion circuit outputs a resistance value matched with the internal resistance of the difference signal to be in parallel with the output resistance value of the first impedance conversion circuit for changing the amplification factor of the operational amplifier AR1 for amplitude adjustment. When the signal amplitude is normal, the signal enters a feedback voltage regulator circuit, a transistor Q2, a transistor Q3, a Zener diode Z3 and a capacitor C6 form a voltage regulator circuit to stabilize the voltage, and an operational amplifier AR3 and a transistor Q4 are designed to output the voltage after the feedback of voltage stabilization. The system effectively solves the technical problems of signal transmission attenuation, poor anti-interference and stability of the data security intelligent operation and maintenance monitoring system.

An image processing method includes: (a) calculating an average value of grayscale values of each of pixels in a global raw image; (b) calculating Mura threshold values of the grayscale values of all of the pixels in a local raw image; (c) calculating Mura compensation values for each of the pixels of the local raw image in accordance with the Mura threshold value; (d) obtaining updated grayscale values of each of the pixels in the local raw image by adding the grayscale values of each of the pixels in the local raw image and the corresponding Mura compensation values; (e) displaying the updated image; (f) repeating step (b) to (e) for a plurality of times for the updated image with a changed dimension, and calculating a standard deviation.

A gate driver includes a plurality of stages, a memory and a selector. The plurality of stages provides a plurality of gate signals to a plurality of gate lines. The memory receives a gate input signal applied to at least one of the stages and outputs the gate input signal as a selection signal. The selector outputs a vertical start signal to a scan start point among the stages based on the selection signal.

A gain-adjusting apparatus and method thereof are described. The gain-adjusting apparatus includes an integrator, a first register, a control unit, and a second register. The integrator integrates the gyro signal data to generate the integral data. The control unit is coupled to the first register and the second register, respectively. The control unit determines whether the gyro signal data is either greater than an upper gyro threshold or less than a lower gyro threshold to detect the gyro signal data and decrease the gain value stored in the second register.

The invention discloses an intelligent mixed mode network physical link emergency switching system. The intelligent mixed mode network physical link emergency switching system comprises a switching system, and the following parts including a first server, a second server, first protected equipment, first protected equipment alternate equipment, a second protected equipment, a first client side and a second client side which are all connected with the switching system respectively; the switching system comprises a first sub-switching system, a second sub-switching system and a third sub-switching system; the switching system provided by the intelligent mixed mode network physical link emergency switching system is used for protecting equipment when malfunction happens, and a protected equipment bypass is enabled to bypass the node to protect a network from being influenced. A power down bypass and functions such as heartbeat-free signal bypass setting and the like are provided; or the switching system can be switched to the alternate equipment when the malfunction occurs. The intelligent mixed mode network physical link emergency switching system is mainly applied to fluid control equipment protection and firewall equipment protection. The intelligent network physical link emergency switching system can supply equipment protection for route equipment from different manufacturers and of different types. The intelligent mixed mode network physical link emergency switching system provides a flexible network equipment emergency protection scheme for users to help a network platform to achieve smooth and real-time transmission of data on large flows, and therefore the usability, the safety, the stability and the reliability of data are improved.

A motor control device includes a velocity controller configured to calculate a torque command from a velocity command and a motor velocity; a compensation torque calculation unit configured to calculate a compensation torque command by multiplying an error between the motor velocity and a velocity of a driven part by a compensation gain and a compensation filter; a torque control unit configured to control torque of a motor based on a value obtained by adding the torque command and the compensation torque command; and a setting change part configured to change a gain of the velocity controller according to an operating condition of the motor control device, and change at least one of the compensation gain and the compensation filter in accordance with a change in the gain of the velocity controller.

Disclosed is an aircraft environmental control and fuel tank inerting coupling system based on a membrane separation method. The dehumidification of gas in an aircraft environmental control system and the separation of oxygen and nitrogen in a fuel tank inerting system are realized respectively, based on the selective permeability of a membrane to water vapour / air and oxygen / nitrogen. In the coupling system, part of drying gas passing through a membrane dehumidification heat exchanger (5) enters a membrane air separator (9), and the other part thereof is cooled through a large expansion turbine (8) and then directed into a cockpit for refrigeration; and nitrogen-rich gas generated by the membrane air separator (9) is directed into a fuel tank for inerting. Oxygen-rich gas is mixed with gas supplied by the environmental control system, thus increasing the oxygen content of gas supplied by the aircraft cockpit.

The invention discloses a polarized light time domain reflectometer based on dual polarization state time division multiplexing. The polarized light time domain reflectometer comprises a light source,a phase modulator, a pulse modulator, a circulator, a sensing optical fiber, a full polarization state detection device, a photoelectric detector, a signal acquisition card and a processor, wherein an output port of the phase modulator is connected with an input port of the pulse modulator through an optical fiber, and the phase modulator is used for enabling the polarization state of light output by the phase modulator to be perpendicular to each other on the Bonding ball; and the full polarization state detection device is connected with the photoelectric detector through an optical fiber,and the full polarization state detection device is used for realizing detection of three polarization states which are perpendicular to one another. According to the polarized light time domain reflectometer, dual-polarization-state time division multiplexing full-polarization-state detection is used, so that the phenomenon of traditional POTDR signal fading is completely eliminated under the condition that depolarization is not considered, and the effect of improving system positioning and event recognition stability is achieved.

A single step multi-section exposure scanning method for a scanner. The scanner includes a photo-sensor and a stepper motor. The photo-sensor has N rows of sensor cells that correspond to each primary color. The scanning device is driven forward an exposure distance for each revolution of the stepper motor. The single step multi-section exposure scanning method includes the following steps. First, the photo-sensor moves forward one exposure distance. One row of sensor cells is exposed after moving every 1 / Nth of the exposure distance. Thereafter, analogue voltages obtained through the exposed row of sensor cells are transmitted to an analogue / digital converter. The above process is repeated until the entire document is scanned.

An optical arrangement having an optical assembly (1) for generating an intermediate image (2) in a beam path is configured and further developed such that an optical element (3) having a plurality of optical waveguides (4) is arranged in the beam bath after the intermediate image (2) to enable the imaging of the intermediate image (2) in a plane on a zone-by-zone or point-by-point basis. Further, a microscope exhibiting such an optical arrangement is specified.

A data driving circuit, controller, and display device include a compensation table for compensating for degradation of a light emitting subpixel. The compensation table may be generated or updated based on degradation of a dummy subpixel. The dummy subpixel is disposed in a non-active area, and has the same or similar characteristics to those of the light emitting subpixel as the display device is driven. Degree of degradation of the dummy subpixel may be sensed, and by degrading the dummy subpixel more rapidly than the light emitting subpixel, accuracy of sensing may be enhanced. The degradation compensation is performed in real time during driving of the display device, and is based on the compensation table generated or updated using the degree of degradation sensed on the dummy subpixel.

In a method for operating an internal combustion engine a compression ratio is set to a setpoint compression ratio by means of an adjustment device, wherein in a normal operating mode of the internal combustion engine the setpoint compression ratio is determined as a function of an, operating variable of the internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine is at least temporarily operated in a predictive operating mode in which the setpoint compression ratio is determined on the basis of an anticipated estimated operating variable which is estimated on the basis of the instantaneous gradient of the operating variable over time.

In a moving image coding apparatus, when a first picture is entropy-coded, if an occupancy of a virtual buffer is below a predetermined position, the first picture is replaced with a copy picture. Further, among succeeding pictures that refer to a reference image corresponding to the first picture for inter picture prediction, a second picture whose quantization has been started or completed is also replaced with the copy picture.