The invention discloses an intelligent energy transaction management system and method based on the block chain technology. The system includes an intelligent metering device subsystem and an energy transaction platform subsystem. The energy transaction platform subsystem includes an intelligent contract generation module, a first intelligent contract execution module, an intelligent contract management module, a remote data acquisition module, a payment module, a distributed block chain and a payment data acquisition and verification module. The intelligent metering device subsystem includes a communication module, a second intelligent contract execution module, an execution unit and a local data acquisition module. The local data acquisition module is used for regularly acquiring measurement data of at least one intelligent metering instrument and converting, aggregating, gathering and statistically calculating the acquired data and providing calculation result data. The system and method of the invention can provide transparent, trustworthy, scrutinizeable and traceable data for energy transaction parties, have high data usability and reliability and can be widely applied in the field of energy transaction data processing.