126 results about "Rewriting" patented technology

An electro-optic display, having at least one pixel capable of achieving any one of at least four different gray levels including two extreme optical states, is driven by displaying a first image on the display, and rewriting the display to display a second image thereon, wherein, during the rewriting of the display, any pixel which has undergone a number of transitions exceeding a predetermined value without touching an extreme optical state, is driven to at least one extreme optical state before driving that pixel to its final optical state in the second image.

A system and method for virtual link aggregation for combining network links of various types and speeds to increase throughput and reliability for packetized transport. In contrast with physical port trunking, the system does not require direct control over ports or network interfaces. Instead, the system rewrites packet addresses and works through existing networking equipment, without requiring any new or special protocols, processing, or equipment within the network. The system works through low-level rerouting by rewriting hardware addresses and / or high-level routing by rewriting logical addresses. Thus packets are redirected through multiple routes to a common destination via alternate gateways and links. Different algorithms may be employed to balance the load on each link and determine an optimal route for each packet. Embodiments may also employ packet flow or stream identification and thereby only provide link aggregation for a specified set of packet flows.

In an information management system, policies are optimized before they are associated to a device in order to increase evaluation speed or reduce space requirements, or both. Optimization techniques may include common subexpression elimination, constant folding, constant propagation, comparison optimization, dead code or subexpression removal, map or lookup table generation, policy rewriting, redundant policy elimination, heuristic-based policy ordering, or policy-format transformation, and combinations of these.

An electro-optic display, having at least one pixel capable of achieving any one of at least four different gray levels including two extreme optical states, is driven by displaying a first image on the display, and rewriting the display to display a second image thereon, wherein, during the rewriting of the display, any pixel which has undergone a number of transitions exceeding a predetermined value without touching an extreme optical state, is driven to at least one extreme optical state before driving that pixel to its final optical state in the second image.

The object of the present invention is to propose an account bankbook, a money transfer card, a receipt file, and a checkbook utilizing an optical card, an IC card, or a hybrid optical / IC card. On the surface of a resin card base board 1 are formed an IC chip 11, an optical recording sheet 13, a magnetic stripe 14, and an embossment 12. In a semiconductor memory within the IC chip 11 are written validation keys, search keys, payee information, the upper limit amount of a check, and a program for processing transaction data. Access restrictions corresponding to various applications are imposed upon these data. The history of various cash transactions is recorded in the optical recording sheet 13. These records are of write-once type and rewriting or deletion thereof is impossible.

The number of times of rewriting of memory cells is stored by number of rewrite (EW) times storage section. In data rewriting to memory cells, number of rewriting times data of a selected memory cell is transferred to and latched in a number of EW times sense latch section and transferred to a number of EW times counter. Controlling processor (CPU) sets a condition on a write pulse on the basis of a value obtained by updating a count value of the number of EW times counter and controls the operation of rewriting. In data rewriting, a count value after update of the number of EW times counter is transferred to the number of EW times sense latch section. The updated number of rewritings is transferred to a corresponding number of EW times storage section, in parallel to data rewriting to a memory cell.

The invention provides a balance method for circulatory rewriting and flashing used in a solid state disc. During each operation, new data are written in a physical block which is used seldom, and the physical block is called a main block; when the data needs to be replaced, the renewed data are written in another new physical block, and the physical block is called a replacement block; when the replacement block is fully written, the effective data in the main block and the effective data in the replacement block are transported to a new physical block, and the new physical block is a new main block; and the previous main block and the previous replacement block are chained to a waste block chain. By adopting the method provided by the invention, the storage mediums of the entire solid state disc lose evenly and the balance of the erasable time of each block when the data blocks are chosen by write data is ensured, thereby prolonging the service life of the solid state disc.

A method for driving an electrophoretic display device that is provided with a display unit having a plurality of pixels in each of which an electrophoretic element containing a plurality of electrophoretic particles is sandwiched between a pixel electrode and a common electrode that face each other is provided. The method for driving an electrophoretic display device includes: during a first partial rewriting period, when an image that is displayed on the display unit is rewritten, partially rewriting the image that is displayed on the display unit by supplying a common voltage to the common electrode, by supplying a second voltage to the pixel electrode of each of first pixels among the above-mentioned plurality of pixels, the above-mentioned each of the first pixels displaying a first gradation before the rewriting of the image and then displaying a second gradation that is different from the first gradation after the rewriting of the image, the second voltage being set so as to correspond to the second gradation, and by supplying a voltage that is the same as the common voltage to the pixel electrode of each of pixels other than the first pixels among the above-mentioned plurality of pixels or by putting the pixel electrode of each of pixels other than the first pixels among the above-mentioned plurality of pixels into a high impedance state; and during a second partial rewriting period, when the image that is displayed on the display unit is rewritten, partially rewriting the image that is displayed on the display unit by supplying the common voltage to the common electrode, by supplying a first voltage to the pixel electrode of each of second pixels among the above-mentioned plurality of pixels, the above-mentioned each of the second pixels displaying the second gradation before the rewriting of the image and then displaying the first gradation after the rewriting of the image, the first voltage being set so as to correspond to the first gradation, and by supplying a voltage that is the same as the common voltage to the pixel electrode of each of pixels other than the second pixels among the above-mentioned plurality of pixels or by putting the pixel electrode of each of pixels other than the second pixels among the above-mentioned plurality of pixels into a high impedance state.

Provided is a display device employing electronic ink capable of retaining the function of maintaining information displayed by the electronic ink, preventing the deterioration of the picture quality of the display information, and realizing the rewriting of display contents of pixels to be of a required minimum upon renewing the display contents. This display device (1) has a switching element containing a pixel unit 2A in which disposed is a microcapsule filled with liquid having charged particles dispersed therein, and a data writing circuit (4, 2B) for writing data by applying voltage to each pixel of the pixel unit 2A. This display device also has a refresh circuit (4) for refreshing at prescribed intervals the data of each pixel of the pixel unit 2A written pursuant to such data writing circuit (4, 2B). The writing circuit (4, 2B) has a TFT built in the switching element for turning the data writing on / off, and a driver for controlling the on / off of this TFT, wherein the driver (2B) is structured so as to be driven with a decoder method.

An image forming apparatus comprises an interface which can communicate with the information processing apparatus that serves as the source of updating firmware. The image forming apparatus further comprises a memory which stores a plurality of firmware programs and a controller which performs firmware updates by sequentially storing the updating firmware transferred from the information processing apparatus. When a plurality of firmware programs are transferred from the information processing apparatus, the controller performs a reboot operation to activate the updated firmware upon completing the storage and the rewriting of the updating firmware in the memory.

The invention provides a method for rendering a page frame by a WEB primary layout and a device of the method. The method comprises the following steps of: loading a webpage to a document object model (DOM) to complete the construction; rewriting the structure of a DOM node in the webpage to generate a control piece, wherein the step of rewriting is performed on the basis of the information of the DOM node; reading the original layout information of the DOM node; and filling the layout information of the rewritten DOM node to set the layout of the control piece, wherein the step of filling the layout information of the rewritten DOM node is performed on the basis of the original layout information of the DOM node and according to a preset layout consistency filling strategy. The page frame is rendered by the method of the invention, the control piece can have a higher-level function on the basis of the original DOM node under the condition that the rendering of the page frame is successful, and the information of the original DOM node also can be kept under the condition that the rendering of the page frame is failing, so that the user experience is greatly improved, the consistency of the layout before rendering the page frame and after rendering the page frame is further guaranteed, and the page frame rendering efficiency is improved.

In a semiconductor device, a phase change layer is formed as a side wall and is therefore reduced in volume. Even if the number of times of rewriting is small, the phase change layer is entirely used as a phase change region. Therefore, the phase change region is not increased in volume even if the number of times of rewriting is increased. Since the volume of the phase change region is not changed, an electric current level required for rewriting is constant. Thus, the semiconductor device having a memory cell capable of carrying out stable rewriting is obtained.

The invention discloses a fragment rewriting method for a data repetition removing system. A cache as a rewriting sensing cache is added in data removing; data items in the rewriting sensing cache are container identifications referenced by a data block; and if the container identifications referenced by the data block which is confirmed as a data fragment are stored in the rewriting sensing cache, data are not required to be rewritten, or else, the data fragment is required to be rewritten. According to the fragment rewriting method, the cache of which the time is the same with the reading time of the data and the cache strategies are the same is added in the data repetition removing process, unnecessary repeated data block rewriting is avoided, and the shortcoming of the existing arithmetic is overcome. Compared with the existing fragment removing arithmetic, the fragment rewriting method has the advantages that influence on reading performance due to the data fragment is reduced, and the reading performance is improved by rewriting the data fragment; and less repetition rate loss is guaranteed while the reading performance is improved.

In the case of a system where a communication device is remote-controlled from a control server, depending on timing when an entry is written into a forwarding table of the communication device from the control server, there is a possibility that a loop and discard of the traffic occur. Therefore, for registration, rewriting and deletion of the entry of the forwarding table which are performed on the communication device 102 by the control server 101; the communication device 102 verifies contents of control instructions from the control server 101; the communication device 102 holds the result of this verification; the control server 101 acquires the result of the verification; the control server 101 judges whether or not a series of controls can be executed based on the results of the verification from the plurality of communication devices 102; and then the control server 101 invokes the execution at the plurality of communication devices 102.

A display apparatus includes a display panel having pixels formed at each intersection of scanning electrodes and data electrodes, and a driver for driving the display panel so that a period of each pixel placed in a prescribed display state is determined within a frame period depending on given gradation data. The driver divides one frame period into a first plurality of equivalent blocks of which a second plurality, smaller in number than the first plurality, of mutually non-neighboring blocks are allotted to a partial rewriting for selecting scanning electrodes corresponding to pixels to change display states. The remaining blocks other than the second plurality of blocks are allotted to an entire picture scanning for selecting all the scanning electrodes. Each scanning electrode is subjected to a plurality of selections during the entire picture scanning and during the partial rewriting so as to allow display of an identical number of gradation levels both in the entire picture scanning and in the partial rewriting.

A memory rewriting apparatus can rewrite control programs for a vehicle mounted ECU through communications reliably and easily. A transmission and reception circuit communicates with a data communications device that sends program data. An ID check circuit checks based on an ID check code attached to the data whether a subject vehicle on which the apparatus is installed is a vehicle to be rewritten. A communications condition determination device determines whether the communications condition is suitable for communications. A control part (MPU) controls writing program data into a memory of the vehicle mounted ECU. The control part notifies the non-completion of rewriting to the data communications device when determined, before and during data rewriting, that the communications condition is unsuitable, and it also notifies the completion of rewriting to the data communications device after the rewriting of the data has been completed, when determined that the communications condition is suitable.

A cache with a database system that contains a subset of the objects stored in another database system. The cache database system responds to a request that contains a reference to an object that is not in the cache by redirecting the request to the other database system when the request is executed in the cache's database system. Redirection is done by rewriting requests that refer to objects that are not in the cache. In one kind of rewriting, a cursor is marked to indicate redirection, and when the cursor is executed in the cache database system, it is redirected to the other database system for execution. In the other kind, calls to stored procedures that are not present in the cache database system are rewritten as remote procedure calls to the stored procedures in the other database system.

A BIOS updating section installs a BIOS update file which operates on an OS and to which a one-time rewriting program is added to write the one time rewriting program in a second program area of a flash ROM. A BIOS executing section checks whether the one time rewriting program is stored in the nonvolatile memory during the execution of the BIOS or not and rewrites the BIOS setting information of a second nonvolatile memory by executing the one time rewriting program when the one time rewriting program is stored. The one time rewriting program is erased when the rewriting of the BIOS setting information has been normally finished.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a semiconductor device having a memory circuit which is nonvolatile and able to be written additionally, an antenna which can be easily manufactured, and to provide a manufacturing method thereof. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to prevent unauthorized rewriting of information of a wireless chip and forgery of a wireless chip itself and to ensure a security of a wireless chip. In view of the foregoing, the present invention provides an IC tag in which information thereof is identified by wireless communication signal and also information of a memory in an IC tag (a memory which can not be rewritten) is identified by an optical reading device. A memory in an IC tag according to the present invention has an identification surface with which information can be identified by an optical reading device.

The invention provides an optimization method and device of input statements in an intelligent chatting robot. The method comprises the following steps: transmitting dialogues of a user of a client and the intelligent chatting robot to a server by utilizing a database of a client background of the intelligent chatting robot with input conversation statements; and extracting and carrying out supplementing, rewriting and optimization on a sentence trunk part according to sentence trunk part types of the conversation statements by the server, so as to obtain user current input conversation statements which are supplemented and rewritten. The device comprises the client of the intelligent chatting robot with the input conversation statements, and the server connected to the client; the database of the client background is used for transmitting the current statements and other turns of dialogues between the user and the intelligent chatting robot within reference time to the server; the server is provided with a first module, a second module and a processing module; and replying sentences which accord with willingness of the user and a current dialogue context are matched from a language database of the intelligent chatting robot, and the user current input conversation statements which are rewritten are output.

In an RF tag, a mask ROM or a flash memory is used for storing data such as an ID number. Although the mask ROM can be realized at a low price, rewriting is not possible. In addition, in the flash memory, although electric rewriting is possible, production cost increases. Accordingly, it is difficult to provide an RF tag by which data rewriting is possible at a low price. An RF tag is provided with a power supply circuit having a function to generate a power supply voltage from a weak radio signal and a memory which can hold data stored in a data holding portion by the power supply voltage. With the above structure, a high-performance RF tag capable of rewriting data such as an ID number after production can be provided at a low price.

A data storage apparatus includes a flash memory and a control unit that controls the rewriting of data in the flash memory. The flash memory is divided into sectors, each of which is completely erasable in a time T. During a rewriting operation, multiple sectors are erased simultaneously for a time U less than T, and new data are written in a sector that has undergone multiple erasures and is now fully erased. The new data typically replace data stored in a sector that proceeds to be erased during multiple rewriting operations. The duration of each rewriting operation is reduced because the erasing process lasts for time U instead of time T.

The invention provides a software platform used for a digital television set-top box. The software platform comprises an application layer, an intermediary business layer, a drive adaptation layer, an operation system layer, and a hardware drive layer. The application layer is used for realizing a specific-application user interface; the intermediary business layer is used for supporting a function support program for the specific application; the drive adaptation layer is used for supporting a device drive function interface for the function support program; the operation system layer is used for realizing the task scheduling on the function call conducted by the function support program through device drive function interface; and the hardware drive layer is used for realizing the hardware drive of the digital television set-top box for the task scheduling. The software platform overcomes the problem that a set-top box software based on a hardware platform is migrated to a set-top box based on different hardware platforms, so that the rewriting of the software is caused and the high cost is brought to the factory because of different hardware platforms.

In an RF tag, a mask ROM or a flash memory is used for storing data such as an ID number. Although the mask ROM can be realized at a low price, rewriting is not possible. In addition, in the flash memory, although electric rewriting is possible, production cost increases. Accordingly, it is difficult to provide an RF tag by which data rewriting is possible at a low price. An RF tag is provided with a power supply circuit having a function to generate a power supply voltage from a weak radio signal and a memory which can hold data stored in a data holding portion by the power supply voltage. With the above structure, a high-performance RF tag capable of rewriting data such as an ID number after production can be provided at a low price.

The service life of memory cards is to be substantially elongated against the occurrence of faulty blocks. A control logic searches blocks in a nonvolatile memory cell array for any acquired fault on the basis of a fault-inviting code in a management information section. If any faulty block is detected, the faulty block will be subjected to write / read comparison of data to judge whether or not the data in the block are normal. Any block determined to be normal will undergo rewriting of its fault-inviting code and registered as a normal block. Further, the registered block is stored into a write management table in the management area as a writable block. This enables an essentially normal block judged faulty on account of an erratic error or some other reason to be restored.

A technique for implementing a data processor to determine if an exception has been thrown. Specifically, the technique may be used in an interpretive environment where a table known as a bytecode (upcode) dispatch table is used. The dispatch table contains addresses for code that implements each bytecode. When the interpreter executes normally, these addresses point to the basic target machine code for executing each bytecode. However, when an Asynchrounously Interrupted Exception (AIE) is thrown, then the dispatch table is repopulated so that all byte codes point to routines that can handle the exception. These may point to a routine, such as an athrow, that has been extended to handle the special case of the AIE. Alternatively, the rewritten table can point to a routine that is specifically written to handle the firing of an AIE. The table contents are restored to their prior state once the exception handling is complete. The scheme may also be implemented non-rewriting of the table if a thread is in a non-Asynchronous Transfer of Control (to defer ATC) deferred state.

A method for driving an electrophoretic display device includes: during a first partial rewriting period, partially rewriting the displayed image by supplying a common voltage to a common electrode, supplying a second voltage corresponding to a second gradation to each first pixel displaying a first gradation before rewriting and displaying the second gradation after rewriting, and supplying a voltage equal to the common voltage to each other pixel or putting each other pixel into a high impedance state; and during a second partial rewriting period, partially rewriting the image by supplying the common voltage to the common electrode, supplying a first voltage corresponding to the first gradation to each second pixel displaying the second gradation before the rewriting and displaying the first gradation after rewriting, and supplying a voltage equal to the common voltage to each other pixel or by putting each other pixel into a high impedance state.

In a semiconductor device, a phase change layer is formed as a side wall and is therefore reduced in volume. Even if the number of times of rewriting is small, the phase change layer is entirely used as a phase change region. Therefore, the phase change region is not increased in volume even if the number of times of rewriting is increased. Since the volume of the phase change region is not changed, an electric current level required for rewriting is constant. Thus, the semiconductor device having a memory cell capable of carrying out stable rewriting is obtained.