A method of preparing an amniotic membrane extract including the steps of obtaining a healthy amniotic membrane from a pregnant
mammal, such as a pig, cow, horse or human, homogenizing the membrane to obtain a homogenate solution, freezing the homogenate solution, and lyophilizing the frozen homogenate solution to
dryness is disclosed. Preferably, the lyophilized homogenate is pulverized to a
powder. The lyophilized homogenate is then reconstituted before use, e.g., in a liquid, such as a
balanced salt solution or fresh
amniotic fluid, or in another substance, such a gel, an ointment, a cream or a
soap, depending on the intended use. Also disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition prepared according to the method of the invention, for prophylaxis and / or treatment of a
disease or condition, especially of the eye or the
skin. Exemplary pharmaceutically acceptable carriers for the composition of the invention include an ophthalmic solution for eye drops, a gel, an ointment, an
emulsion, a cream, a
powder and a spray.