3527 results about "Porous membrane" patented technology

A membrane for implantation in soft tissue comprising a first domain that supports tissue ingrowth, disrupts contractile forces typically found in a foreign body response, encourages vascularity, and interferes with barrier cell layer formation, and a second domain that is resistant to cellular attachment, is impermeable to cells and cell processes, and allows the passage of analytes. The membrane allows for long-term analyte transport in vivo and is suitable for use as a biointerface for implantable analyte sensors, cell transplantation devices, drug delivery devices, and / or electrical signal delivering or measuring devices. The membrane architecture, including cavity size, depth, and interconnectivity, provide long-term robust functionality of the membrane in vivo.

Containers for providing vapor phase reactant from liquid sources include bubbler designs and designs in which carrier gas flows over the liquid surface. Among the bubbler arrangements, a bypass conductance is provided to release excess pressure from the gas volume inside the container, or an enlarged bubbler tube is provided with a volume sufficient to accommodate all possible liquid backflow without having the liquid exit the container. Among the overflow designs, flow dividers provide a tortuous path for the gas to increase the time exposure of carrier gas packets to the evaporating liquid surface. The flow dividers can be microporous to encourage capillary action, thereby increasing the evaporating surface. The tortuous gas flow path can be separated from the liquid phase by a breathable semi-porous membrane that permits vapor phase reactant to pass through but prohibits liquid from passing in the other direction.

An implantable medical device including a porous membrane that is treated with a hydrophilic substance to obtain rapid optimum visualization using technology for viewing inside of a mammalian body. These technologies include ultrasound echocardiography and video imaging such as that used during laparoscopic procedures.

Containers for providing vapor phase reactant from liquid sources include bubbler designs and designs in which carrier gas flows over the liquid surface. Among the bubbler arrangements, a bypass conductance is provided to release excess pressure from the gas volume inside the container, or an enlarged bubbler tube is provided with a volume sufficient to accommodate all possible liquid backflow without having the liquid exit the container. Among the overflow designs, flow dividers provide a tortuous path for the gas to increase the time exposure of carrier gas packets to the evaporating liquid surface. The flow dividers can be microporous to encourage capillary action, thereby increasing the evaporating surface. The tortuous gas flow path can be separated from the liquid phase by a breathable semi-porous membrane that permits vapor phase reactant to pass through but prohibits liquid from passing in the other direction.

Devices and methods for utilizing dry chemistry dye indicator systems for body fluid analysis, such as glucose level provided by incorporating a porous membrane in a disposable patch. The devices also provide for microtitration of fluid samples in fixed volumetric openings containing indicator reagent. The devices provided are low cost due to efficient manufacturing methods provided.

A tissue ablation device assembly ablates a region of tissue in a body of a patient. The tissue ablation device assembly comprises an elongated body having a proximal end portion and a distal end portion. A tubular porous membrane having a porous wall with an inner surface that defines an inner space is located along the distal end portion of the elongated body. An ablation element is disposed over the porous membrane, with the ablation element having a fixed position with respect to the porous membrane. A fluid passageway extending through the elongated body and communicates with the inner space. The fluid passageway is adapted to be fluidly coupled to a pressurizeable fluid source for delivering a volume of pressurized fluid from the fluid source to the inner space. The porous membrane allows at least a substantial portion of the volume of pressurized fluid to pass through the porous wall for enhancing ablative coupling between the electrode and the region of tissue.

An analyzing cartridge and method for using it to analyze a sample having a plurality of reservoirs and capillaries connected for communication between these reservoirs and is provided therein with a reagent required for analysis. The reservoirs are provided with openings leading to the outside of the cartridge, and the openings are covered with vents each consisting of a gas-permeable / non-liquid-permeable, hydrophobic, porous membrane. The analyzing cartridge requires only trace amounts of a sample and a reagent and no maintenance. It is provided with a non-fluid reagent in vent-carrying reservoirs thereby making it possible to formulate a very trace amount of reagent solution in the cartridge by injecting a reagent dissolving liquid into the reservoirs immediately before analyzing. A liquid feed control device controls the feeding of the liquid between the reservoirs via the capillaries when it is attached to the cartridge to allow or control the entry / exit of air via the vents.

A blood testing tool is provided, which separates blood cells and can collect blood plasma or blood serum with a high yield. The blood testing tool includes an asymmetric porous membrane with a pore size distribution in which an average pore size varies to be reduced continuously or discontinuously in a thickness direction. The porous membrane includes a blood supply portion, a development portion, and a blood-cell blocking portion formed between the blood supply portion and the development portion and pores in the blood cell blocking portion include only pores through which blood cells cannot pass. When blood is supplied to one side with larger pores of the blood supply portion, the blood moves in a direction parallel to a surface of the porous membrane by a capillary phenomenon, but only blood plasma or blood serum moves into the development portion to develop.

A redox flow cell is presented that utilizes a porous membrane separating a first half cell and a second half cell. The porous membrane is chosen to have a figure of merit (FOM) is at least a minimum FOM. A method of providing a porous membrane for a flow cell can include determining a figure of merit; determining a first parameter from a pore size or a thickness for the porous membrane; determining a second parameter from the pore size or the thickness that is not the first parameter for the porous membrane, based on the figure of merit; and constructing a porous membrane having the pore size and the thickness.

A microfluidic device and method is disclosed for fractionating and / or trapping selected molecules with a diffusion barrier or porous membrane. The device includes a source fluid flow channel and a target fluid flow channel. The target fluid flow channel and the source fluid flow channel meet at cross-channel area and are in fluid communication with each other. A porous membrane separates the source fluid flow channel from the target fluid flow channel in the cross-channel area. A field-force / gradient mechanism may be positioned proximate the porous membrane with or without detection / state monitoring devices.

An encapsulation device having an expandable, porous body with a cavity, the body having a sealed end and a sealable end, where the body is configured to receive one or more fluids through a port in the sealable end, the body is configured to expand to conform to a shape of a target, and where the sealable end may be sealed to prevent leakage into the body, and a method if using the encapsulation device, is disclosed. The body may comprise porous membrane including expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), polyester fiberfill, metal / polymer mesh, and perforated or porous polymer / metal. The target may include a location within the human body. The port in the sealable end is configured to receive a first fluid into the cavity to expand the body to conform to the shape of the target, and the port is further configured to receive a second fluid into the cavity which displaces the first fluid by diffusing the first fluid through the pores in the body and which cures (such as, by an ultraviolet light source) to secure the body to the target. Optionally, the introduction of the second fluid may be unnecessary when the first fluid includes the desired filler material for the encapsulation device.

The present invention provides a catheter for the delivery of fluid medication across an anatomical region. In accordance with one embodiment, the catheter comprises an elongated tube with a plurality of exit holes along an infusion section of the catheter, and an elongated flexible porous member residing within the tube and forming an annular space between the tube and the member. In accordance with other embodiments, the catheter includes a tube having a plurality of exit holes in a side wall of the tube. The exit holes may combine to form a flow-restricting orifice of the catheter. Advantageously, fluid within the catheter flows through all of the exit holes, resulting in uniform distribution of fluid within an anatomical region. In one particular embodiment, the catheter comprises a tube having elongated exit slots therein. In accordance with other embodiments, the catheter includes an elongated tubular member made of a porous membrane. The porous membrane is configured so that a fluid introduced into an open end of the tubular member will flow through side walls of the tubular member at a substantially uniform rate along a length of the tubular member. In accordance with other embodiments, the catheter includes an elongated “weeping” tubular coil spring attached to an end of, or enclosed within, a tube. Fluid within the spring and greater than or equal to a threshold pressure advantageously flows radially outward between the spring coils. Advantageously, the fluid is dispensed substantially uniformly throughout a length of the spring.

The invention provides for a fully electrically rechargeable metal-air battery systems and methods of achieving such systems. A rechargeable metal air battery cell may comprise a metal electrode an air electrode, and an aqueous electrolyte separating the metal electrode and the air electrode. In some embodiments, the metal electrode may directly contact the electrolyte and no separator or porous membrane need be provided between the air electrode and the electrolyte. Rechargeable metal air battery cells may be electrically connected to one another through a centrode connection between a metal electrode of a first battery cell and an air electrode of a second battery cell. Air tunnels may be provided between individual metal air battery cells. In some embodiments, an electrolyte flow management system may be provided.

Microwell biochips (11) are formed from a thin flat plate (13) of polymeric material having a plurality of regularly spaced holes (15) that extend completely therethrough and create microwells. The lower end of each hole is closed by a microporous, hydrophobic, polymeric membrane (17) laminated to the undersurface of the plate which retains an aqueous test solution in the wells until a vacuum is applied to the undersurface thereof to effect draining of the solution and of any wash solution that might be subsequently added. A spot of polymerizing isocyanate-functional hydrogel is applied generally centrally to the porous membrane surface at the bottom of each well in a manner so as to cover only a minor portion of the surface and out of contact with the well sidewalls, thus leaving substantial surface area through which drainage can be readily effected. Biological capture agents are associated with the polymerizing hydrogel so as to become immobilized as a part thereof.

Various techniques for controlling the flow of a test sample through an electrochemical-based assay device are provided. The assay device contains a porous membrane provided with certain properties to selectively control the flow of a test sample to a detection working electrode. The detection working electrode communicates with affinity reagents, such as redox mediators and capture ligands. For instance, capture ligands that are specific binding members for the analyte of interest are applied to the detection electrode to serve as the primary location for detection of the analyte.

A method and apparatus for cleaning a membrane module, the membrane module having a plurality of porous membranes, the membranes being arranged in close proximity to one another and mounted to prevent excessive movement therebetween and means for providing, from within the module, by means other than gas passing through the pores of the membranes, gas bubbles entrained in a liquid flow such that, in use, the liquid and bubbles entrained therein move past the surfaces of the membranes to dislodge fouling materials therefrom, the gas bubbles being entrained in the liquid by flowing the liquid past a source of gas to draw the gas into the liquid flow. The gas bubbles are preferably entrained into the liquid using a venturi type device. The membranes are preferably partitioned into discrete groups to assist cleaning while maintaining high packing density.

An electrochromic assembly 32 is disclosed. The assembly comprises: first and second electrodes 22, 24, at least one electrode being transparent; a porous membrane 10 defining a plurality of pores, the membrane having a first refractive index and located between the electrodes 22, 24; an electrolyte filling the pores, the electrolyte having a second refractive index substantially matching the first refractive index, the electrolyte and membrane together forming a substantially transparent electrolytic layer; and at least one electrochromic layer 18 covering at part of the first electrode 22. The membrane 10 is flexible and the spacing between the electrodes 22, 24 is held substantially constant by the membrane 10. The membrane is sealed with sealant 42.

A nozzle comprised of a thin, flexible membrane material having a plurality of pores is disclosed. In one embodiment, the pores have an unflexed exit aperture diameter in the range of about 0.5 to about 2 microns (preferably about 1 micron) and are positioned substantially uniformly in the material, preferably about 50 microns apart. The nozzle preferably has a conical or trumpet-shaped cross-section. In another aspect of the invention, the exit aperture of the nozzle is surrounded by an elevated area protruding above the substantially planar exit side of the membrane in order to prevent intrusion of liquid back into the nozzle. The nozzle can be used to form an aerosol containing a pharmaceutical composition from the exit side of the nozzle upon forcible application of the composition to the entrance side of the nozzle. This aerosol can be used to administer the pharmaceutical composition, for example, to the eye or to a selected portion of the respiratory tract. The nozzle is preferably a component of a container which holds a formulation of drug.

A method for producing a porous flow-through element for use in an electrokinetic infusion pump is provided and generally includes providing a porous membrane that is entirely porous along both its length and width, treating the membrane by selectively inactivating portions of the membrane in a desired pattern to define active regions that allow fluid flow therethrough and inactive regions that do not, and laminating the treated membrane. Various techniques can be used to treat the membrane including, for example, applying a heated embossing die to the membrane, contacting selected portions of the membrane with laser energy, applying a pore-penetrating chemical to the membrane, and cutting and removing selected portions of the membrane. The resulting treated membrane can be laminated between opposed films having one or more perforations therethrough with each perforation being aligned with an active region to define a fluid flow pathway therebetween.

The present invention provides a battery cell, comprising: (a) an anode comprising an active metal or a metal ion storage material (e.g., an intercalation compound that accommodates lithium ion); (b) a cathode structure; and (c) an ionically conductive protective layer on a surface of the anode and interposed between the anode and the cathode structure. This protective layer comprises a porous membrane having pores therein and a soft matter phase disposed in at least one of the pores, wherein the soft matter phase comprises oxide particles dispersed in a non-aqueous alkali, alkaline, or transition metal salt solution. Most preferably, this battery cell is a lithium metal secondary cell that is essentially free from dendrite and exhibits a safer and more stable cycling behavior. Such a high-capacity rechargeable battery is particularly useful for powering portable electronic devices and electric vehicles.

A separator for a lead acid battery is a porous membrane having a positive electrode face and a negative electrode face. A plurality of longitudinally extending ribs, a plurality of protrusions or a nonwoven material may be disposed upon the positive electrode face. A plurality of transversely extending ribs are disposed upon the negative electrode face. The transverse ribs disposed upon the negative electrode face are preferably juxtaposed to a negative electrode of the lead acid battery, when the separator is placed within that battery.

A method for preparing an electrokinetic element is provided and generally includes providing a porous membrane adapted for use in an electrokinetic pump and encapsulating the porous membrane within a polymer substrate to yield an electrokinetic element base member having the porous membrane encapsulated by the polymer. In one embodiment, the method can include laminating the porous membrane between opposed sheets of a polymer before the step of encapsulating. The method can also include cutting the electrokinetic element base member into a plurality of slices and assembling an electrokinetic infusion pump by inserting a slice into a chamber of the pump.

A method for preparing an electrokinetic element is provided and generally includes providing a porous membrane adapted for use in an electrokinetic pump and encapsulating the porous membrane within a polymer substrate to yield an electrokinetic element base member having the porous membrane encapsulated by the polymer. In one embodiment, the method can include laminating the porous membrane between opposed sheets of a polymer before the step of encapsulating. The method can also include cutting the electrokinetic element base member into a plurality of slices and assembling an electrokinetic infusion pump by inserting a slice into a chamber of the pump.

There is provided a lateral flow assay device for detecting the presence or quantity of an analyte residing in a test sample where the lateral flow assay device has a porous membrane in communication with a conjugate pad and a wicking pad. The porous membrane has a detection zone where a test sample is applied and which has an immobilized first capture reagent configured to bind to at least a portion of the analyte and analyte-conjugate complexes to generate a detection signal. The control zone is located downstream from the detection zone on the porous membrane and has a second capture reagent immobilized within the control zone. The conjugate pad is located upstream from the detection zone, and has detection probes with specific binding members for the analyte. A buffer release zone is located upstream of the conjugate zone and provides for buffer addition to the device, the buffer serving to move the detection probes to the detection and control zones.

The invention discloses a preparation method of polytetrafluoroethylene superfine fiber porous membrane. In the method, high concentration polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous emulsion is mixed with matrix polymer uniformly to prepare spinning solution. With the effect of high voltage electric field, polytetrafluoroethylene / matrix polymer composite superfine fiber porous membrane with the diameter of 100 nm to 2 [mu]m is obtained by electrostatic spinning, and then polytetrafluoroethylene superfine fiber porous membrane is formed at the conditions of sintering temperature being 330 to 500 DEG C and the sintering time lasting 30s to 5min so that the aperture diameter is 100 nm to 10 [mu]m and the porosity is 50% to 80%. The polytetrafluoroethylene superfine fiber porous membrane prepared by using the method has uniform aperture diameter and high porosity, and can be widely applied to filter material. Compared with the existing technology, the preparation method has the characteristics of simple processing technology, short process and low cost.