The invention relates to a method for reproduction and utilization of hydrochloric acid in the process of extracting nickel and cobalt from laterite nickel ore. A chlorination treatment process of laterite nickel ore by wet method comprises the steps of preparing laterite nickel ore, leaching out chloride, concentrating leaching solution, precipitating by sulfurization, recovering hydrochloric acid, etc. The calcinating materials in the inventive hydrochloric acid reproduction process comprise the concentrated solution of the mother liquid after nickel precipitation, iron chloride and magnesium chloride crystals obtained during concentration of the leaching solution, and coal powder. The inventive method comprises the steps of mixing and blending materials to obtain slurry, and spraying into a high-temperature furnace, or calcinating the materials in high-temperature furnaces at 500-800DEG C, hydrolyzing metallic chloride into hydrogen chloride and metal oxide, heating the concentrated leaching solution by using the residual heat from the hot furnace gas, and absorbing the hydrogen chloride to reproduce hydrochloric acid, so as to realize closed circuit circulation of the hydrochloric acid. The high-viscosity ferric oxide and magnesium oxide dregs are cooled, broken and pulverized to powder, which is used as a byproduct for treatment. The inventive method improves the conversion rate and equipment productive capacity during chloride reproduction process, reduces energy consumption in hydrochloric acid reproduction, and realizes comprehensive utilization of the residual heat in hydrochloric acid reproduction.